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- 1. Multiple Choice
A meteor moving 468 km per minute traveling in a south-to-north direction passed near Earth in 2013. Because the meteor was only 45 m wide and was 27,700 km above Earth's surface, it was not visible without the aid of a telescope. Which statement describes the meteor's motion?
Its velocity was 7.8 km/s northward.
Its acceleration was 468 km/s2.
Its speed was 468 km/s northward.
Its acceleration was 7.8 km/s2.
- 2. Multiple Choice
A student graphed the position of a cart during a 7-second time interval. Which statement best describes the cart?
The cart was stationary with a velocity of 0 m/s for the entire 7 seconds.
The cart was stationary except for a short burst of acceleration of 0.5 m/s2.
The cart moved at a constant velocity of 0.5 m/s for the entire 7 seconds.
The cart accelerated at a constant rate of approximately 0.8 m/s2.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the velocity of an object?
30 m/s
30 m east
30 m/s east
30 m/s2
- 4. Multiple Choice
What is the difference between the velocity and the speed of an object?
Velocity is the change in distance over time, while speed is the change in velocity over time.
Velocity has a direction associated with it, while speed has no specific direction.
Velocity has no direction associated with it, while speed has a specific direction.
Velocity is the change in speed over time, while speed is the change in velocity over time.
- 5. Multiple Choice
The three vehicles shown below are all traveling at a speed of 15 m/s, but only the pickup truck has a changing velocity. The pickup truck has a changing velocity because the pickup truck -
can accelerate faster than the other two vehicles
is traveling in the opposite direction from the other two vehicles
is traveling on a curve in the road
needs a large amount of force to move
- 6. Multiple Choice
The picture shows an aerialist walking on a tightrope and holding a balancing bar. An action-reaction pair of forces exists between -
the aerialist's feet and the rope
the rope and the balancing bar
the two ends of the rope
the aerialist's arms and legs
- 7. Multiple Choice
Four boxes are sliding with constant speed before each box experiences an unbalanced force of 8 N. Which box would experience the greatest acceleration when the unbalanced force is applied?
The box with a mass of 2 kg
The box with a mass of 4 kg
The box with a mass of 6 kg
The box with a mass of 8 kg
- 8. Multiple Choice
The unusual strength of a glue makes it able to hold a heavy object, or load, as shown in the diagram below. If the load exerts a strong downward force, the glue -
destroys the force
exerts a stronger downward force
causes the load to accelerate upward
exerts an upward force that is equal to the downward force
- 9. Multiple Choice
Two forces applied to a 17 kg box, as shown. The box is on a smooth surface. Which statement best describes the acceleration of the box?
The box accelerates at 1.0 m/s2 to the right because the net force is 17 N to the right.
The box accelerates at 1.9 m/s2 to the right because the greater the force is to the right.
The box accelerates at 3.0 m/s2 to the combined forces cause the box to accelerate.
The box does not accelerate, because neither force is large enough to move the box.
- 10. Multiple Choice
The list includes six situations. Which objects in the list experience an unbalanced force?
The book, the ball, and the car
The ball, the car, and the bird
The can, the swing, and the bird
The book, the ball, the can, and the swing
- 11. Multiple Choice
During a lab investigation, students added four 50 g masses to two boxes and arranged the boxes so that they were motionless on a pulley, as shown in the diagram. The students then followed the procedures described in the box. The students recorded their observations after each procedure and reset the pulley system to the original conditions. During which procedures did students observe an unbalanced upward force on Box 1?
Procedures 1, 2, and 3
Procedures 4 and 5
Procedures 3 and 4
Procedures 1, 3, and 5
- 12. Multiple Choice
NASA's space shuttle program was active from 1981 until 2011. The photograph shows rockets carrying a space shuttle off the launchpad. How can Newton's law of action-reaction best applied to explain the movement of a rocket?
As the fuel burns, gases push against the rocket, moving it upward.
As the fuel burns, gases move out of the rocket and reduce air resistance.
As the fuel burns, the mass of the rocket decreases.
As the fuel burns, the rocket moves faster.
- 13. Multiple Choice
During a demonstration of Newton's laws of motion, a student used the setup shown in Figure 1. The student flicked the index card with a fingertip, and the coin fell straight down into a plastic cup as shown in Figure 2. Which of these best explains why the coin fell straight down into the cup instead of remaining on the index card?
The coin was at rest until the card was removed, so it tended to remain in the same location. Once the card was gone, the unbalanced force of gravity caused the coin to fall.
Moving the card applied an action force on the coin. Since the card was gone, gravity applied a reaction force on the coin.
The card had less mass than the coin, so a smaller force of gravity acted on the card. The larger force of gravity on the coin made it fall.
The acceleration of the coin following into the cup was equal and opposite to the acceleration of the card.
- 14. Multiple Choice
The diagram below shows two different forces acting on a cyclist riding a bicycle. The total mass of the cyclist and the bicycle is 100.0 kg. Based on this information, what is the acceleration of the cyclist?s2
0.66 m/s2 backward, because the force of the air slows the cyclist down
0.66 m/s2 forward, because the applied force is greater than the force of the air
2.33 m/s2 backward, because the forces are opposite and not equal
2.3 m/s2 forward, because the cyclist's inertia is greater than the force of the air
- 15. Multiple Choice
A student jumps off a sled toward the west after it stops at the bottom of an icy hill. Based on the law of action-reaction, in what direction will the sled most likely move as the student jumps off?
North
South
East
West
- 16. Multiple Choice
A student lets a toy car roll four times down a ramp that is 1 m long. Each time the student covers the surface of the ramp with a different material. The student measures the time it takes the car to roll down the ramp and records the results in the table below. Which of these would be the best conclusion based on the data in the table?
Different surfaces affect how fast a toy car accelerates.
Different toy cars travel at different speeds.
Gravity has little effect on the speed of toy cars on different surfaces.
Air resistance is the greatest factor in limiting the acceleration of different toy cars.
- 17. Multiple Choice
The masses of four vehicles and the net forces acting on them as they enter a highway are recorded in the table below. Which vehicle has the greatest acceleration as it enters the highway?
Sedan
Coupe
SUV
Truck
- 18. Multiple Choice
Two cars with different masses travel at the same speed down a hill toward a stop sign. What will happen when both cars apply brakes at the same time to stop?
The car with the smaller mass will require less force to stop than the car with the larger mass.
The car with the larger mass will maintain its velocity while traveling down the hill.
The car with the smaller mass will take longer to stop than the car with the larger mass.
The car with the larger mass will have less inertia than the car with the smaller mass.
- 19. Multiple Choice
Four students raced toy cars on a track. The mass and the acceleration of each car is recorded in the table below. Which toy car had the greatest applied force?
1
2
3
4
- 20. Multiple Choice
Four students raced toy cars on a track. The mass and the acceleration of each car is recorded in the table below. Which toy car had the greatest applied force?
1
2
3
4
- 21. Multiple Choice
Sometimes tectonic plates do not move easily past one another, and the plates become stuck. Forces build up, and when the plates finally move, tension is released, as shown. The sudden movement of the plates is caused by -
the mass of the plates
the weight of the plates
unbalanced forces
gravitational force
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