154 questions
The Bessemer Process improved manufacturing by:
producing a dense metal that was soft and tended to rust
enabled manucaturers to produce quality steel from scrap metal
provided an efficient process to create a flexible, rust-resistant metal
allowed manufacturers to remove oil from beneath the earth's surface
Business owners could now consider other factors (such as population) in their decision of where to locate factories due to the availability of:
water
steel
electricity
railroads
Cornelius Vanderbilt's idea of linking small railroads into a larger network greatly improved interstate travel by decreasing the number of transfers each trip.
True
False
Why did George Pullman create a town that provided for the basic needs of his workers?
He thought it was the best way to ensure a stable work force.
He wanted to allow workers as much freedom as possible.
He wanted his town to attract visitors to create a tourism industry.
He was more concerned with workers' happiness than his profit.
Why was the Interstate Commerce Act significant?
It granted the states the right to regulate the railroads.
It marked the first time the federal government regulated an industry.
It stopped the railroad companies' misuse of government land grants.
It allowed the Interstate Commerce Commission to easily regulate railroad rates.
Where did the Transcontinental Railroad get completed?
Pikes Peak, Utah
Promontory Point, Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah
Orem City, Utah
Which of the following applies to Munn vs Illinois?
Select ALL that apply.
Supreme Court gave the federal government the right to regulate railroads.
Supreme Court upheld Granger laws.
It was passed in 1877.
It was passed in 1867.
It allowed states to regulate railroads.
Who developed/invented kerosene?
Abraham Gesner
Edwin Drake
Henry Bessemer
William Le Baron Jenney
Thomas Edison
Who developed/invented the steam drill for oil?
Abraham Gesner
Edwin Drake
Henry Bessemer
William Le Baron Jenney
Thomas Edison
Who developed/invented the Bessemer Process?
Abraham Gesner
Edwin Drake
Henry Bessemer
William Le Baron Jenney
Thomas Edison
Who developed/invented the first skyscraper?
Abraham Gesner
Edwin Drake
Henry Bessemer
William Le Baron Jenney
Thomas Edison
Who developed/invented the lightbulb?
Abraham Gesner
Edwin Drake
Henry Bessemer
William Le Baron Jenney
Thomas Edison
Who developed/invented the telephone?
Lewis H Latimer
Christopher Sholes
Alexander Graham Bell
Dr. John Pemberton
George Eastman
John Rockefeller was a major figure in what industry?
Oil
Steel
Railroad
Movie
Tobacco
Andrew Carnegie was a major figure in what industry?
Oil
Steel
Railroad
Movie
Tobacco
Cornealius Vanderbilt was a major figure in what industry?
Oil
Steel
Railroad
Movie
Tobacco
J.P. Morgan was a major figure in what industry?
Oil
Steel
Railroad
Bank/Finance
Tobacco
Which of the following were factors in the major industrial growth during this time period?
Luck
natural resources
government support of business and innovation/creativity
growing urban populations
foreign relations
Which of these inventions particularly affected women because it created new jobs?
straightener
curling iron
pockets
telephone
typewriter
Innovation during the second industrial revolution made the ___________________________________________ in the United States increase and created notable wealth for business owners.
common core standards
standard of living
street credit
time wasting
The increased standard of living in the United States attracted new __________________________________ seeking opportunity for a better life.
emigrants
immigrants
hippies
nomads
Immigrants were ______________ and ______________ to the economy
new workers
slackers
potential customers
unimportant
The growth and consolidation of railroads benefited the nation but also led to:
corruption
required government regulation
depression
panic
Railroads made _________________________ and ___________________ for business as well as for people
local transit reliable
westward expansion possible
local transit unreliable
westward collapse inevitable
The amount of a good or service that companies are willing to produce for sale:
supply
demand
interest
inflation
The amount of that product that consumers are willing or able to purchase:
supply
demand
interest
inflation
Railroads promoted which of the following between towns/cities?
separation
independence
interdependence
trade
The Grange consisted of ____________________________ who were angry with railroad companies for:
-misuse of government land grants
-fixed prices
-different rates for different customers
-higher charges for shorter hauls than for longer hauls
factory workers
buisnessmen
farmers
fishermen
Which of the following are misconceptions of the Industrial Revolution?
everyone benefited from it
all Americans had equal opportunity
all children had on opportunity for education
Land grants were given to __________________ companies by the government to encourage construction of track.
railroad
bridge
highway
iron
The four time zones located on the U.S. mainland are:
Atlantic
Eastern
Central
Mountain
Pacific
The nationwide economic collapse in 1893 is refereed to as The Panic of 1893?
True
False
Political party that called for reforms like an increased money supply, graduated income tax, federal loan program, single term for president, secret ballot, 8 hour work day, and to restrict immigration:
Republican
Democrat
Independent
Populist
Libertarian
Process of buying out all suppliers of an industry:
horizontal integration
vertical integration
diagonal integration
cross-integration
When businesses producing similar products join:
oligopoly
poliopoly
dictatorship
potatorship
Name given to rich industrialists for their ruthless tactics:
industrial robbers
cops and robbers
robber barons
Robin Hood
What was the first large scale national organization for laborers?
National Labor Union
(NLU)
Colored National Labor Union
Noble Order of the Knights of Labor
Global Union
Gabrielle Union
What is the economic system based on GOVERNMENT control of business and property?
democracy
socialism
fundamentalism
free market
laissez-faire
What is the process of buying out all competitors within section of an industry?
horizontal integration
vertical integration
diagonal integration
cross-integration
What theory is described by this statement?
People should be allowed to make as much money as possible, but then should pass it along to worthy causes.
Gospel of Charity
Gospel of Wealth
Money Making Gospel
Stay in Yo Lane Gospel
When two sides disagree the settlement of disagreements by an impartial person is called?
arbitration
arbor day
lawyering up
arbitrary
regulation
What theory stated: the process of natural selection weeded out the weak and allowed only the strong to survive?
Social Darwinism
Human Darwinism
natural dominance
rich people exclusivism
Which economic system is when one organization has complete control over an industry’s production, wages, and prices?
panoply
monopoly
biopoly
socialism
communism
Which movement sought to advance the interests of laborers and farmers that gave rise to the (peoples party)?
Birthday Party
Democratic Party
Populist Party
Popular Party
Republican Party
This German philosopher wrote the Communist Manifesto? (which stood in contrast to the United States' free market economy)
Abraham Gesner
Edwin Drake
William James
Max Wilmington
Karl Marx
Who was an industrialist who monopolized the steel industry?
Andrew Carnegie
Christopher Sholes
John D Rockefeller
J.P. Morgan
Cornelius Vandebilt
When companies turn their stock over to a group of trustees who run many companies as one large one this is called a?
investment
corporation
monopoly
board
trust
This made any attempt to interfere with free trade by forming a trust illegal?
the Trust-Busting Act
Sholes Anti-Trust Act
No-Interference Act
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Illegal Free Trade Act
What is the belief that the government should stay out of economic affairs (hands off)?
communist manifesto
Laissez faire economics
capitalism
democracy
autocracy
What factors caused workers to unite?
Select ALL that apply.
short hours
long hours
low pay
harsh working conditions
high pay
What are group negotiations to reach written agreements between workers and employers?
collective arguing
negotiator agreements
collective bargaining
arbitration
Marxism
What were ways management worked to weaken the influence of labor unions?
Select ALL that apply.
Refusing to negotiate
collective bargaining
Forbidding meetings
Firing union members
Yellow dog contracts
The U.S. economy is based on competition and consumer demand, this is called?
communism
free enterprise
facism
Marxism
socialism
Economists used Social Darwinism to justify the doctrine of laissez faire governing in what ways?
Select all that apply.
notion of individual responsibility (Protestant ethic)
idea of survival, success of the most capable
riches are a sign of God's favor, poor must be lazy, inferior
Home Insurance Building
Business owners did everything they could to:
Select all that apply.
unionize
monopolize
maximize profits
get rid of competition
control production
The attitude of business leaders was that government intervention in industry would destroy self-reliance?
False
True
Andrew Carnegie improved his manufacturing operation to maximize profits in what way?
vertical integration
made better products more cheaply
horizontal integration
holding companies
What people and images are being represented in this political cartoon?
Select all that apply.
John Rockefeller
Standard Oil
Andrew Carnegie
control of the government due to dependence on big business
Cooperation with the government
A business owned by investors who buy part of the company through shares of stock. Selling stock was a way for business owners to raise money to invest back into the company.
corporation
monopoly
trust
pool
Monopolies hurt which of the following:
Select all that apply.
consumers
workers
business owners
middlemen
Industrial leaders were "Captains of Industry" in what ways?
Select all that apply.
made economy more productive
supported philanthropy
took advantage of consumers and workers
unfairly squeezed out competition
Industrial leaders were "Robber Barrons" in what ways?
Select all that apply.
made economy more productive
supported philanthropy
took advantage of consumers and workers
unfairly squeezed out competition
What did the government fear if they DID NOT regulate big business?
Select all that apply.
it would hurt the economy
income inquality
power of big business
big business stifled free competition
Why did the south not experience this industrial boom as much as the north?
Select all that apply.
South as recovering from the Civil War
North owned most of the stock in railroads and most of the stock in profitable Southern businesses
businesses experiences high transport costs, tariffs, and few skilled workers
None of these
Name that strike:
-3,000 gathered in Chicago to protest police brutality
-violence ensued, 8 were charged with inciting the riot and convicted
-public opinion turned against the labor movement
The Great Strike of 1877
The Haymarket Affair
The Homestead Strike
The Pullman Company Strike
Name that strike:
-1892, Carnegie Steel workers strike over pay cuts
-National Guard reopened plant
-Steelworkers did not remobilize for 45 years
The Great Strike of 1877
The Haymarket Affair
The Homestead Strike
The Pullman Company Strike
Name that strike:
-owner lays off 3,000 workers, cuts wages but not workers' rent
-owner refused arbitration
-strikes turn violent
-federal troops sent in
-Eugene Debs jailed, strikers fired or blacklisted
The Great Strike of 1877
The Haymarket Affair
The Homestead Strike
The Pullman Company Strike
The expansion of industry resulted in:
the growth of big business
prompted laborers to form unions to better their lives
none of these
both the growth of big business and prompted laborers to form unions to better their lives
Political bosses were able to influence immigrants because
they generally spoke the same language
they had frequently visted the old country
they had recently studied the culture of immigrants
the generally were proprietors of local settlement houses
An organized group that controlled the activities of a political party in a city:
political machine
Rage Against the Machine
political party
partisan politics
Illegal use of political influence for personal gain is called what?
graft
gout
gangrene
graffiti
Patronage is
The giving of government jobs to people who helped a candidate get elected
bribery
securing government funds illegally
being a patron of an establishment
This act raised the tariff to the highest level ever (at the time):
McKinley Tariff Act
McCarter Tariff Act
Pendleton Civil Service Act
Wilson-Gorman Tariff
The most common form of graft; illegal payments
kickbacks
gambling
patronage
bribery
blackmail
Getting others jobs or money for political favors is called the:
spoils system
graft
bribery
kickbacks
People who wanted civil service reform were called
reformers
stalwarts
This person controlled all activities of a political party throughout a city
precinct captain
ward boss
city boss
mayor
One of America’s most powerful city bosses, head of New York’s Tammany Hall, and stole almost $200 million.
William Marcy Tweed (Boss Tweed)
William McKinley
Grover Cleveland
Theodore Roosevelt
People who opposed changes in the spoils system
reformers
stalwarts
The factors that led to the growth of political machines:
(Select all that apply)
rapid growth
inefficient government
social darwinism
strong government leadership
strong police force
New York City’s powerful Democratic Machine:
Tammany Hall
Tammy Hall
Hall of Fame
Which two groups did the Republican Party split into in terms of the policy of the spoils system?
(Select all that apply.)
stalwarts
reformers
stewarts
transformers
The period of industrialization and immigration that produced the nations first millionaires:
Gilded Age
Stone Age
Age of Enlightenment
Imperialism
Political machines would give services to businesses and voters for _________________ , _________________.
political support
financial support
emotional support
moral support
Tammany Hall and "Boss" Tweed were exposed by:
Thomas Nast, cartoonist
The New York Times
Two opposing democrats who had evidence of corruption
the FBI
the New York City Police
Taxes on foreign imports are called
tariffs
taxes
foreign taxes
import money
This invention solved the problem of overcrowding in cities:
skyscrapers
motion pictures
electric transit
printing press
Why did big business favor tariffs?
It decreased the overall price of goods.
It reduced competition from foreign companies.
It allowed them to pay lower wages to employees.
It gave them stronger alliances with government officials.
People migrate for various reasons: A pull factor is
a factor that attracts people to an area
a factor that drives people away from their current area
a factor of 10
a factorial
People migrate for various reasons: A push factor is
a factor that attracts people to an area
a factor that drives people away from their current area
a factor of 10
a factorial
Avoiding war is an example of what migration factor:
push
pull
The promise of employment and economic opportunity is an example of what migration factor:
push
pull
Confusion and anxiety resulting from immersion into a new culture
cultural assimilation
culture orientation
culture shock
culture surprise
Which act banned Chinese entry into the U.S.?
Chinese Food Exclusion Act
Chinese Exclusion Act
Gentleman's Agreement
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
What is urbanization?
when soccer moms drive suburbans
growth of cities
growth of suburbs
growth of farms
Multi-family housing often with single bedrooms that were overcrowded were called:
testaments
tenements
tents
log cabin
Nativism is:
Favoritism to native born Americans
Favoritism to Native Americans
Favoritism to Robber Barrons
Favoritism to soccer
This was an agreement not to allow Japanese immigration into the U.S.
Chinese Exclusion Act
Chinese Food Exclusion Act
Gentleman's Agreement
The Ultimate Agreement
A movement with programs aimed at helping immigrants assimilate into American Culture
Prohibition Movement
Enlightenment Movement
Social Gospel Movement
Americanization Movement
This movement specifically preached salvation through service to the poor
Prohibition Movement
Enlightenment Movement
Social Gospel Movement
Americanization Movement
Immigration station located in New York’s harbor.
Angel Island
Ellis Island
Angle Island
Ellis Isle
Immigration station located in San Francisco.
Angel Island
Ellis Island
Angle Island
Ellis Isle
The Germanic ancestors of the English also known as WASP.
White Anglo-Saxon Protestant
Weeping Angels Speak Prose
Wack Artificial Spy Program
White Angels Sing to Protestants
Who founded the Hull House in Chicago, 1889?
Jane Addams
Addams Family
Jonathan Hull
Hull Family
Which of these were major problems of urbanization?
housing
transportation
water
too much space
Which of these were major problems of urbanization?
sanitation
fire
crime
too much food
Old immigrants spoke mainly:
English
Greek
Italian
Russian
Polish
New immigrants spoke mainly:
English
Greek
Italian
Russian
Polish
Assimilation into American culture was _______________________ for old immigrants
easier
harder
Assimilation into American culture was _______________________ for new immigrants
easier
harder
Which of the following contributed to the urbanization of the United States?
Immigrants settled mainly in the cities.
Farmers were able to produce more food.
A new American culture was being developed.
Schools began offering education in English literacy.
Which of the following sources display the issues immigrants faced once they arrived in the United States? Select all that apply.
The ability of families or individuals to move into a higher social class:
Social Movement
Social Mobility
Mobile Sociality
Socialism
The organization of people into social classes by wealth is:
Social Stratification
Socialism
Communism
Free Enterprise
Emigration is:
When people exit a country
When people come in to a country
Immigration is:
When people exit a country
When people come in to a country
Aimed to return control of the government to the people and sought to cure the nation of problems brought on by industrialization.
the Progressive Movement
the Protestant Movement
the Enlightenment Movement
the Civil Rights Movement
Founded the socialist party in 1900
Eugene V Debs
Coach Debs
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Rosa Parks
Bill originated by people not law makers
Initiative
suffrage
referendum
recall
The right to vote
Initiative
suffrage
referendum
recall
The banning of alcoholic beverages
Prohibition
Prohydration
Soberism
Dry County Laws
Muckrakers were
journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of big business
people who cleaned out horse stalls
people who like to rake
people who like to rake muck
Power of voters to accept or reject a bill
Initiative
suffrage
referendum
recall
Effort to improve efficiency in the work place by applying scientific principles to make tasks easier
Assembly line
Scientific Management
Social Management
Behavior Analysis
Power to remove public officials from office
Initiative
suffrage
referendum
recall
Voters instead of political machines choose candidates for public office through a special election
direct primary
indirect primary
direct secondary
indirect secondary
Led NAWSA after Susan B. Anthony and developed her “winning plan” to gain women’s suffrage
Florence Kelley
Susan B. Anthony
Theodore Roosevelt
Carrie Chapman Catt
Made the direct election of senators the law of the land
16th Amendment
17th Amendment
18th Amendment
19th Amendment
This amendment made the selling, production, and distribution of alcohol illegal
16th Amendment
17th Amendment
18th Amendment
19th Amendment
The passage of this amendment established the ability for the federal government to collect income taxes
16th Amendment
17th Amendment
18th Amendment
19th Amendment
Which of these are the goals of the Progressive Movement?
Protect social welfare
promote moral improvement
create economic reform
fostering efficiency
limiting civil rights
The passage of this amendment in 1920 allowed women to vote
16th Amendment
17th Amendment
18th Amendment
19th Amendment
Why did the prohibition movement appeal to so many women?
most women supported the movement's main goal of gaining the right to vote
it offered women an opportunity to take part in activities that expanded their public roles
most woment felt that reforms in the workplace held the key to improving the lives of poor people
it provided women with an activity to fill their time since they were not allowed to work outside the home
What were were the economic problems the U.S. faced after the Civil War?
retaliation
inflation and deflation
exaggeration and animation
they did not face any economic problems
What is the method of using gold and silver to back currency called?
bicyclism
gold standard
bimetallism
mentalism
This speech called for silver to replace gold as the backing of the dollar:
"Golden Silver" speech
"Bimetallism" speech
"Silver" speech
"Cross of Gold" speech
Increasing debt and higher cost for shipping were both seen as:
issues facing factory workers in industrial cities
issues facing women
issues facing farmers on the Great Plains
issues facing Native Americans
This movement was an organization to help isolated farm families:
Granger Movement
Ranger MovementThis is a wrong answer
Cattle Drives
Prohibition Movement
This is the method used when backing currency with gold only:
silver standard
gold standard
high standard
bimetallism standard
Election where William Jennings Bryan (Dem backed by the Populist Party) came close to winning:
election of 1896
election of 1996
election of 2006
election of 1806
Movement seeking to advance the interests of laborers and farmers
Populist Movement
Popcorn Movement
Pop Rocks Movement
Poppa Movement
Method where you might use only silver to back the dollar:
Gold standard
Free Silver
Bimetallism
Free Metallism
Populism was favored by all of these people:
farmers, miners, and the common man
industry workers
bankers and businessmen
politicians
Nation wide economic depression that began in 1893:
Panic of 1893
Panic of 1839
Don't Panic
Panic of 2006
This happened due to improved machinery, fertilizers, and new lands in the Great Plains:
overproduction of feelings
overproduction of industry
overproduction of crops
overproduction of cities
Populist party candidate who delivered the “Cross of Gold speech”, against the gold standard:
William Jospeh Brighton
William Williamson
William McKinley
William Jennings Bryan
The fall of Populism is said to have stemmed from this.
election of 1896
election of 1996
election of 1806
election of 2008
Story that MAY serve as an allegory or metaphor for the populist movement:
Beauty and the Beast
The Hunchback of Notre Dame
The Tortoise and the Hare
The Wizard of Oz
inflation
too much money in circulation
too little money in circulation
deflation
too much money in circulation
too little money in circulation
Name of the people who supported the gold standard:
Gold Bugs
Silverites
The movement of the People:
Populism
Communism
Populationism
Totalitarianism
Belief that the US should spread its territory from coast to coast.
Manifest Destiny
Man Destiny
Frontier Failure
Destiny's Child
Offered 160 acres of free land to anyone who would cultivate it for 5 years.
Homeskillet Act
Homestead Act
Actin the Fool Act