to acquire the information needed to pass meaningful and comprehensive legislation

to offer important political posts to influential representatives and senators

to consolidate power in the majority party

to prevent the passage of meaningful legislation

Rules Committee

Conference Committee

Steering Committee

Ways and Means Committee

the people

the House of Representatives

state legislatures

the Electoral College

is pocket vetoed

becomes law

is killed 

is sent back to Congress

legislative oversight

agenda setting

micro-investigation

pork barrel spending

Vice President

President Pro Tempore

Majority Leader

Sergeant-At-Arms

fosters the development of expertise by members 

helps Congress produces staff costs 

weakens Congress in its dealings with the President

insulates decision-making from the influence of special interests

The Supreme Court

Congress

The President

he Department of Justice

It can prohibit judicial activism.

It can change appellate jurisdiction of federal courts.

It can filibuster decisions made by courts. 

It can exercise oversight authority over rulings of individual justices. 

Logrolling

Pork-barrelling

Cloture

Filibustering

Filibuster

Ridership

Veto

Cloture

Enforcement

Oversight

Lawmaking

Representation

Incumbents

Former Senators

Former House Representatives

Political Newcomers

The Majority Leader

Servicing

The President

Conference Committee

Riding

Pork-Barrel Spending

Servicing

Gerrymandering

is passed

is vetoed

never makes it out of committee

gets stuck in conference committee

Committees on which both senators and representatives serve.

Congressional committees appointed for a specific purpose, such as the Watergate investigation.

Permanent committees found in both houses of Congress that are responsible for legislation and oversight within a specific policy area

Small committees within another committee of Congress designed to specialize in a sub-category 

Majority Leader of the Senate

President of the Senate

President pro tempore of the Senate

Speaker of the House

Must be at least 35 years old

Must be a 'natural born Citizen' of the United States

Must have extensive prior political experience

Must have lived in the United States for at least 14 years

a maximum of 10 years

three consecutive terms

an unlimited number of terms

only a and b above

the Speaker of the House becomes President

the Pro-Tem of the Senate becomes President

the Vice President becomes President

there is an election to choose a new President

the influences of strong Presidents

the demands of the American people for strong leadership

the Constitutional system of checks and balances

the need for decisive action during national emergencies

the practice of hiring the most qualified candidates for federal jobs

the practice of giving offices and other favors of government to friends and supporters

completely unrelated to the practice of patronage

a democratic means of filling offices

Presidents wanted more secretaries in the Cabinet

the major political parties voted to expand the number of executive departments

the regional offices were closed and Departments opened up in Washington

the workload of the Federal Government expanded as the country grew

recommending legislation

preventing a bill from coming before the President

routinely telling Congress when it must adjourn

routinely telling Congress when it must meet

treaties don't take effect until 3/4 of the states ratify it

the Senate must ratify treaties

the House of Representatives must ratify treaties 

the Supreme Court ratifies treaties

Once Congress has approved the action

only after Congress has declared war

pending Congress' approval after a 48 hour period

at his own discretion

Chief of State

Chief of Judiciary

Chief Executive

Commander in Chief

Chief Legislator

Chief Administrator

Chief Diplomat

Chief Attorney

Chief Diplomat

Chief Legislator

Chief Citizen

Commander in Chief

The House and Senate cannot agree on the same version of a bill to send to the president. 

The president issues an executive order that freezes federal government hiring. 

The president vetoes a bill passed by Congress. 

The voters reject the status quo and elect all new members of Congress. 

Steel Union

Coalition Agreement

Iron Triangle

Solid Partnership

NASA

NSA

USPS

EPA

fire civil servants

defund programs

impeach the president

declare bureaucratic actions unconstitutional

the people and organizations who execute the actions of government

outside groups who donate money to political campaigns

committees in Congress who provide services for the American people

ALL OF THE ABOVE

both parties in a case to reach agreement without further litigation.

state courts to abide by the decisions of the Supreme Court.

a lower court to send up the record of a case for review.

Congress to rewrite unconstitutional legislation.

a press release.

advice to the President.

the Court's ruling on the issue presented, its reasoning, and applicable law.

a ruling when it hears oral arguments.

ask the Court to hear the case again.

send the case back to a lower court.

write a dissenting opinion.

file an amicus curiae brief.

judicial review.

appellate review of fact.

precedent.

habeas corpus.

The Supreme Court should review as many cases as they can.

The federal judiciary should actively check the activities of governmental bodies when they exceed their authority and may change precedents as needed

The Supreme Court exercises judicial review.

The courts should not play politics.

The ability to hear and appeals case.

The ability to hear the original court trial.

The authority to hear certain cases.

The right of a judge to dictate the sentence of a criminal.

McCulloch v. Maryland

Brown v. Board of Education

Plessy v. Ferguson

Marbury v. Madison

appointing members of Congress to committee

appointing Supreme Court justices

appointing members to The Cabinet

appointing The Speaker of the House

judges serve for a term of "good behavior" (life)

higher courts can hear the cases of lower courts

the president can remove federal judges from the bench

the ability of the Supreme Court to declare laws/executive orders/regulations unconstitutional and strike them down

the process of establishing the number of representatives in the U.S. Senate

the process of drawing United States and state  electoral district boundaries

the idea that all states should have an equal number of people in Congress

the use of the Census to determine who should run for office

a federally governed process designed to ensure equal representation.

a system of checks and balances used to ensure fairness in the House of Representatives.

a legal process that helps parties keep power.

the use of redistricting to unfairly disenfranchise specific groups of people.

Packing a district

Cracking a district

Opening a district

Dissolving a district