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- 1. Multiple Choice
What is the major function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesize and isolate proteins for use in the cell
Synthesize and isolate lipids
Catabolize nutrients and produce ATP
Synthesize all ribosomal proteins
- 2. Multiple ChoiceProkaryotes are classified as belonging to two different domains. What are they?Bacteria & ProtistaBacteria & ArchaeaBacteria & EukaryaArchaea & Protista
- 3. Multiple ChoicePlant cells have ___ for cell to cell communication.gap junctionsplasmodesmatadesmosomestight junctions
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?evolutionary progression in cell size; more primitive cells have smaller sizes.the need for sufficient surface area to support the cell's metabolic needs.limitation on the strength and integrity of the plasma membrane as cell size increasesthe difference in plasma membranes between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
- 5. Multiple ChoiceLarge numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?glycogencelluloseproteinslipids
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement is correct about diffusion?It's very rapid over long distances.It's a passive process which molecules move from a region of higher to lower concentration.It requires an energy expenditure by the cell.It's an active process where molecules move from a region of lower to higher concentration.
- 7. Multiple ChoiceEndoplasmic Reticulum:/ERThe smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.A folded membrane that moves materials around inside cells / Also acts as the site of manufacturing materials needed by the cell.A small sack that stores water and food until the cell needs it / Stores waste temporarily until the cell gets rid of it.The protective outer layer that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
- 8. Multiple ChoiceLysosome:The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.Small sacks with pores / Contains digestive enzymes that get rid of waste, worn-out cell parts, and captured invaders.Bean-shaped organelle filled with folded membranes / Breaks down glucose to release energy for cell functionsStacks of pancake-like membranes that package materials to ship out of the cell.
- 9. Multiple ChoiceProkaryotic cella cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles; includes achaea and bacteriaa cell containing a nucleus and other membrane bound organellesthe idea that the mitochonria and chloroplasts were once free living and were engulfed by other prokaryotic cells.part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
- 10. Multiple ChoiceEukaryotic Cella cell containing a nucleus and other membrane bound organellesa cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles; includes achaea and bacteriathe idea that the mitochonria and chloroplasts were once free living and were engulfed by other prokaryotic cells.a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhat 4 structures are common between plant, animal, and bacterial cells?Golgi Apparatus, Chloroplasts, Ribosomes, NucleusCell Wall, Mitochondria, Cell Membrane, CytoplasmRough ER, Smooth ER, Nucleus, RibosomesDNA, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes, Cell membrane
- 12. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?To produce ribosomesTo transfer materialsTo protect the cellTo hold DNA
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the boundary of the cell that is made of phosolipid?Cell WallChlroplastNucleusCell Membrane
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these is NOT a cell junction?Plasmodesmatadesmosometight junctionproteoglycan
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhite blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?pinocytosisosmosisphagocytosisexocytosis
- 16. Multiple Choice
The Endosymbiotic Theory suggests that eukaryotic cells evolved when an ancient cell engulfed another, forming a permanent symbiotic relationship. Choose the evidence that best justifies this claim.
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts perform energy functions
Eukaryotic cells have many mitochondria
Eukaryotic cells have traits in common with archaea
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular loops of unique DNA
- 17. Multiple ChoiceA protein that is destined for the membrane would be madeon a ribosome that is in the cytoplasmwithin a lysosomeon a ribosome attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulumwithin the Golgi body
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true?
Ions cannot pass through the membrane because the phospholipid tails are hydrophobic.
Ions can pass through the membrane because the phospholipid heads are charged.
Water can pass through the membrane because the phospholipid tails are charged.
Water cannot pass through the membrane because the phospholipid heads are charged.
- 19. Multiple Choice
Which structures may be found in a prokaryotic cell?
cilia
flagella
lysosomes
linear DNA
cell wall
- 20. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true of the function of a ribosome?
Contributes the raw materials required for protein synthesis.
Packages proteins for exports from the cell.
Location where proteins are synthesized.
Contains enzymes that cut and activate proteins.
- 21. Multiple Choice
How does active transport move materials?
From high to low concentration.
From low to high concentration.
- 22. Multiple Choice
Where does active transport get energy?
From ATP hydrolysis.
From ATP dehydration.
From ADP hydrolysis.
From ADP dehydration.
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which of the following moves via diffusion?
Oxygen gas from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Sodium ions from high concentration to low concentration.
Glucose from high concentration to low concentration.
Sodium ions from low concentration to high concentration.
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following moves via facilitated diffusion?
Oxygen gas from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Sodium ions from high concentration to low concentration.
Glucose from high concentration to low concentration.
Sodium ions from low concentration to high concentration.
- 25. Multiple Choice
Which of the following moves via active transport?
Oxygen gas from an area of high concentration to low concentration.
Sodium ions from high concentration to low concentration.
Glucose from high concentration to low concentration.
Sodium ions from low concentration to high concentration.
- 26. Multiple Choice____________ & _________________ are organelles that definitely arose from endosymbiosis.Rough ER & Smooth ERMitochondria & FlagellumChloroplast & MitochondriaChloroplast and Golgi apparatus
- 27. Multiple ChoiceThe theory of Endosymbiosis explainsThe origin of eukaryotesHow species developHow bacteria liveWhy cells rely on one another
- 28. Multiple Choice1. Each of the following numbered processes are involved in signal transduction pathways:
I. Response
II. Amplification
III. Reception
IV. Transduction
Which of the following represents the sequence of events in a typical signal transduction pathway?I, II, III, IVIII, I, IV, IIII, IV, I, IIIIII, IV, II, I - 29. Multiple ChoiceA signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is aligandsecond messengerprotein kinasereceptor protein
- 30. Multiple ChoiceWhat determines whether a signal molecule binds on the surface or enters the cell?sizepolarityability to cross the membraneall of these are correct
- 31. Multiple Choice
What type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?G-protein receptortyrosine kinase receptorgated ion channel - 32. Multiple ChoiceProtein kinases activate other relay proteins by adding a(n) ____ to them.phosphateATP moleculecAMPGTP
- 33. Multiple ChoicecAMP and calcium are examples ofsecondary messengershormonesligandsenzymes
- 34. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?gated ion channelG-protein receptortyrosine kinase receptor
- 35. Multiple ChoiceConsider this pathway: epinephrine --> receptor --> cAMP --> protein kinase --> transcription factors.
Identify the secondary messenger.epinephrineG protein-coupled receptoradenylyl cyclasecAMP - 36. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following correctly describes the reception stage of this signal transduction pathway?epinephrine binds to a g-protein coupled receptor protein present in the cell membranethe g protein changes shape, is activated, activates adenyl cyclase, which activates cAMP, which activates protein kinasesprotein kinases phosphoylate moleculesglycogen synthesis is inhibited and glycogen breakdown is promoted
- 37. Multiple Choice
Which of the following describes the initial steps in the process whereby epinephrine stimulates glycogen breakdown?
Epinepherine binds to a cell-surface receptor; the activated receptor stimulates production of the second messenger, cAMP.
Epinepherine binds to a cell-surface receptor; the activated receptor catalyzes the conversion of glycogen to glucose.
Epinepherine diffuses through the plasma membrane; the hormone dimerizes in the cytosol.
Epinepherine is taken into the cell by endocytosis; glycosen is converted to glucose in the endocytotic vesicle.
- 38. Multiple Choice
If the production of lysosomes is inhibited, where would the enzymes typically found inside the lysosome be found?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus
- 39. Multiple Choice
Where would you find RNA in a cell?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Vacuole
Ribosome
- 40. Multiple Choice
Where would you find free ribosomes?
Cytoplasm/cytosol
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Vacuole
- 41. Multiple Choice
Where would you find attached ribosomes?
Cytoplasm/cytosol
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Vacuole
- 42. Multiple Choice
What organelle is responsible for digesting cell materials?
Golgi
Rough ER
Lysosome
Smooth ER
- 43. Multiple Choice
Which organalle is pictured here?
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Smooth ER
- 44. Multiple Choice
Which organalle is pictured here?
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Smooth ER
- 45. Multiple Choice
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Modifies mRNA coming from the RER
Modifies proteins coming from the RER
Creates carbohydrates using solar energy
Converts carbon dioxide and water into lipids
- 46. Multiple Choice
What is the function of the chloroplast?
Modifies mRNA coming from the RER
Modifies proteins coming from the RER
Creates carbohydrates using solar energy
Converts carbon dioxide and water into lipids
- 47. Multiple Choice
Structural changes in the cell are due to the:
Cell Membrane
Cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Cytosol
- 48. Multiple Choice
What cytoskeletal element is made of actin?
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Intermediate Filaments
- 49. Multiple Choice
What cytoskeletal element is made of tubulin?
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Intermediate Filaments
- 50. Multiple Choice
Which structure is involved with maintaining the position of organelles?
Microtubules
Intermediate filaments
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
- 51. Multiple Choice
Through which channels are animal cells able to distribute hormones?
Collagen
Desomosomes
Gap Junctions
Blood Vessels
- 52. Multiple Choice
What are desmosomes?
a structure by which two adjacent cells are attached, linked by intermediate filaments.
specialized intercellular connection between a multitude of animal cell-types that directly connect the cytoplasm of two cells.
a class of proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain
a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.
- 53. Multiple Choice
What are extracellular matrices?
a structure by which two adjacent cells are attached, linked by intermediate filaments.
specialized intercellular connection between a multitude of animal cell-types that directly connect the cytoplasm of two cells.
a class of proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain
a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.
- 54. Multiple Choice
What are gap junctions?
a structure by which two adjacent cells are attached, linked by intermediate filaments.
specialized intercellular connection between a multitude of animal cell-types that directly connect the cytoplasm of two cells.
a class of proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain
a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.
- 55. Multiple Choice
What are glycoproteins?
a structure by which two adjacent cells are attached, linked by intermediate filaments.
specialized intercellular connection between a multitude of animal cell-types that directly connect the cytoplasm of two cells.
a class of proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain
a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.
- 56. Multiple Choice
How are phospholipids arranged in the cell membrane?
Bilayer
Single Layer
- 57. Multiple Choice
What is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
Hold the membrane together
Alter membrane fluidity
Attach to carbohydrates
Disrupt membrane function
- 58. Multiple Choice
Diffusion requires ATP.
True
False
- 59. Multiple Choice
Diffusion requires carrier proteins.
True
False
- 60. Multiple Choice
How will water move via osmosis?
From areas of high solute to areas of low solute.
From areas of low solute to areas of high solute.
- 61. Multiple Choice
What is not involved in secondary active transport?
Direct ATP use
coupling to other transport systems
use of an existing concentration gradient
the plasma membrane
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