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51 questions
Which structure can be found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
mitochondrion
nucleus
chloroplast
nucleic acid
Which structure does not belong in a prokaryotic cell?
DNA
Nuclear membrane
phospholipid membrane
cytoplasm
Which statement applies to eukaryotic cells but not to prokaryotic cells?
utilize mitochondria during energy production
flow of nutrients and wastes occurs across a membrane
contain DNA as genetic material
perform metabolic processes with the help of chemicals
Which structures are found in all prokaryotic cells?
flattened, stick-like structures which process macromolecules
a continuous, interconnected network of membranes
small, protein-producing units composed of RNA and protein
power-producing organelles that convert energy into usable forms
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a prokarytoic cell?
The method of cellular respiration
the composition of the ell membrane
absence of a membrane-bound nucleus
What type of cell is described below?
*contains mitochondria
*contains ribosomes
*reproduces by meiosis
*performs photosynthesis
bacteria
prokaryote
virus
eukaryote
Four of the six kingdoms are comprised of organisms that contain eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures in a cell would not be evidence that the cell is eukaryotic?
cell walls
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
Scientists think eukaryotes may have evolved from an endosymbiotic relationship between prokaryotes and mitochondria and host parasitic cells. One piece of evidence that supports this endosymbiosis theory is that mitochondria have their own system of transcription and translation that more closely resembles protein synthesis in prokarytoies than eukaryotes. Upon Evaluation of this information, which of the following statements is most likely true?
At one time, mitochondria may have been primitive prokaryotic cells
protein synthesis in the mitochondria is the result of bacterial cell infection
mitochondria do not have DNA and , therefore, do not produce mitochondrial RNA
there was never a symbiotic relationship between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells
Based on cell size and complexity, prokaryotic cells cells would be expected to
have more ribosomes than ost eukaryotic cells
have fewer ribosomes than most eukaryotic cells
be affected more by DNA mutations compared to eukaryotic cells
be affected less by DNA mutations compared to eukaryotic cells
A scientist observes two cells. Cell 1 and Cell 2 both contain DNA (genetic material) and ribosomes. However, Cell 1 contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, which Cell 2 does not. What is the correct classification for each of the cells?
Cell 1=Eukaryotic, Cell 2=Prokaryotic
Cell 1=Prokaryotic, Cell 2 Eukaryotic
Cell 1 Eubacteria, Cell 2=Archaea
Cell 1=Archaea, Cell 2=Eubacteria
What evidence best supports the Endosymbiotic Theory, which states that current cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotic cells consumed by other prokaryotic cells?
mitochondria and chloroplasts can break away and live on their own without the host cell
mitochondria and chloroplasts act as parasites inside the host cell
mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA coding different from teh nuclear DNA
mitochondria and chloroplasts are both performing the same function
Scientists discover a new organism. The organism is autotrophic, with membrane-bound organelles. To which of these kingdoms does this organism most likely belong?
archaea
eubacteria
animalia
protista
What is the major difference between plant and animal cells?
plant cells are prokaryotic, and animal cells are eukaryotic
plant cells have cell walls, and animal cells don't have cell walls
plant cells are endothermic, and animal cells are exothermic
plant cells are heterotrophs, and animals cells are autotrophs
what factors do the Kingdoms Protista, Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia have in common?
they are all eukaryotes
they are photosynthetic
they are all multicellular organisms
they are all prokaryotes
Which characteristic applies to all organisms in the Kingdom Protista?
eukaryote
prokaryote
unicellular
photosynthetic
Is this unicellular organism ...
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
This organism belongs to kingdom...
animalia
protista
This organism belongs to kingdom...
animalia
protista
This is a diagram of a cell that contains a nucleus. A nucleus is found only in...
animal cells
eukaryotic cells
plant cells
prokaryotic cells
A plant cell and animal cell difference is...
only a plant cell has a nucleus
only an animal cell has a cell wall
plant cells have cell walls, not animal cells
Which structures, if found in a cell, would provide the best evidence that the cell is eukaryotic?
chromosomes
cell walls
carbohydrates
internal membranes
Plant cells are much less flexible than animal cells. Which cellular structure in plant cells is most responsible for this characteristic?
vacuole
cell wall
chloroplast
cell membrane
Prokaryoties are single-celled organisms belonging to the Domains: Archae and Bacteria. Which of the following cell structures would not be present in prokaryotic cells?
cell membrane
ribosome
nucleus
cytoplasm
What is the function of the cell wall in a plant cell?
contain waste products of the cell
generate teh cell's supply of energy
control the functions of the cell
provide structural support and protection
Which of the following is a characteristic of organisms in Bacteria, but not Archaea?
organisms are prokaryotic
organisms reproduce asexually
organisms contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls
organisms swim using one or more flagella
Which of these is a defining characteristic in a eukaryotic cell?
present of a membrane bound nucleus
DNA is present
absence of membrand bound mitochondria
reproduces asexually
The most likely function of the projection or glycoprotein is to...
anchor the virus to a cell
inject virual DNA into a cell
assemble the parts of a virus
store and protect viral DNA
Scientists are designing new medicines to fight infectious diseases caused by viruses. One of the most effective ways these medicines could limit the spread of the virus within the body would be to...
prevent viruses from dividing
burst cells infected with viruses
stop viruses from attaching to cells
make it easier for viruses to leave cells
Viruses store their DNA or RNA in the...
nuclear envelope
capsid
Re-sequence the steps in teh chart to reflect the correct order of the virus reproduction process.
1, 3, 2, 7, 5, 4, 6
5, 1, 2, 3, 7, 4, 6
Which of the following illnesses is caused by a virus?
common colds
diabetes
strep throat
malaria
A retrovirus gets its name from teh fact that, when it infects a cell, a retrovirus-
injects pieces of its protein coat
produces a DNA copy of its RNA
converts its capsid proteins into RNA
Viruses and cells are different in many ways. In which of these ways are viruses and cells most similar?
composition of outer covering
stages of life cycle
composition of genetic material
stages of reproduction
Viruses are host cells to-
create fermentation products
facilitate respiration
reproduce
create antibodies
Which of the following is effective in reducing the number of viral infections?
antibodies
vaccines
innoculation
none of the above
When HIV initially infects a cell, the viral RNA is converted into DNA and then the newly formed DNA is integrated into the host cell's own DNA During this time, the infected person might feel flu-like symptoms. After the symptoms go away, the infected person may not have any other symptoms of HIV for many years.
The integration process that genetic information from HIV undergoes is part of the-
lysogenic cycle
lytic cycle
transfer process
metastasis
A protist cell has cilia (hair-like projections) and an influenza virus has projections. How are these projections used differently in viruses and protists?
viruses use projections to move throughout their host while protists use projections to attach to other cells
viruses use projections to attach to cells while protists use projections to move through their environment
Lysogenic viruses do not-
inject their DNA into the host cell
reproduce and lyse the host cell immediately
become dormant (latent) and divide with the cell's DNA
infect a host cell
When the flu virus infects a cell, the viral nucleic acid si indistinguishable from the cell's nucleic acid. Which cellular process only occurs with the cell's nucleic acid and will not occur with the viral nucleic acid?
mitosis
mutation
translation
transcription
What event would indicate that a virus undergoes the lysogenic cycle?
the virus uses projection to attach to specific cells before injecting nucleic acid
the virus stays dormant for a period of time before starting to reproduce
the virus reproduces quickly causing symptoms to arise shortly after infection
the virus uses a cell's endoplasmic reticulum to fold proteins used int eh capsid
Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between viruses and bacteria?
viruses are much small than bacteria cells
viruses have a higher metabolism than bacteria cells
Observe the Diagram of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus above. Which structures are common in HIV and cells?
RNA and Enzymes
Capsid and envelope
RNA and capsid
Most viruses have the structural arrangement of-
a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane
a capsid shell made from lipids
flagella surrounding the cell membrane
a capsid surrounding a nucleic acid sequence
What structure is most likely found in both viruses and cells?
ribosomes
proteins
cytoplams
vacuoles
The powerhouse of the cell is an organelle that produces ATP through cellular respiration. What is this organelle?
mitochondria
chloroplast
nucleus
This eukaryotic organelle contains digestive enzymes.
nucleus
lysosome
mitochondria
This is the brain of a eukaryotic cell and controls all cell functions. It is where the DNA is stored.
mitochondria
nucleus
Photosynthesis takes place in the...
chloroplast
mitochondria
mtDNA is found in the mitochondrion. It is ...
the same as nuclear DNA
different from nuclear DNA
ctDNA is found in chloroplasts. It is...
the same as nuclear DNA
different from nuclear DNA
Chloroplasts can be found in...
euglena
algae
plants
all of the above
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