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- 1. Multiple Choice
In an experiment, the presence of dependent variables does not depend on the independent variables.
True
False
- 2. Multiple Choice
Carl is conducting a study to determine the effects of the new technology- assisted learning methods among students. As part of this study, he has selected a group of university students, male and female, in the age group of 18 to 24 years. These students have been using the new methods of learning. In terms of research methodology, this group best describes a ______.
control group
population
placebo group
sample
- 3. Multiple Choice
Personality psychologists are concerned with the nature and causes of individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behavior in social situations.
True
False
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is true of the experimental method of research?
In the experimental method of research, participants in control groups obtain the treatment being tested.
The experimental method fails to answer questions about cause and effect.
In the experimental method of research, participants in experimental groups do not obtain the treatment being tested.
The experimental method allows psychologists to control the experiences of participants and draw conclusions about cause and effect.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Structuralists tended to ask. "How do behavior and mental processes help people adapt to the requirements of their lives?"
True
False
- 6. Multiple Choice
Brandon is a psychologist who is studying the relationship between heredity and mood disorders. He strongly believes that behavior and mental processes have a connection with the brain, hormones, heredity, and evolution. Brandon's beliefs are most consistent with the ______ perspective.
psychodynamic
cognitive
biological
humanistic-existential
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is true about the different types of psychologists?
Counseling psychologists deal exclusively with clients who suffer from serious psychological disorders.
Clinical psychologists help clients resolve problems and change self-defeating behavior.
School psychologists focus on planning instructional methods for a school system rather than on individual children.
Health psychologists apply psychology to the criminal justice system.
- 8. Multiple Choice
Many case studies are clinical; that is, they are descriptions of a person's psychological problems and how a psychologist treated them.
True
False
- 9. Multiple Choice
____ was a founder of the school of functionalism.
B. F. Skinner
Wilhelm Wundt
William James
Kurt Koffka
- 10. Multiple Choice
According to the ethical guidelines of the American Psychological Association, animals cannot be harmed under any circumstances while conducting research.
True
False
- 11. Multiple Choice
In a stratified sample, each member of a population has an equal chance of being selected to participate.
True
False
- 12. Multiple Choice
Sociocultural psychologists study these things we refer to as the mind.
True
False
- 13. Multiple Choice
In the context of psychological researches, debriefing is the process of explaining the purposes and methods of a completed procedure to a participant.
True
False
- 14. Multiple Choice
Identify a true statement about social-cognitive theorists.
They believe that people are typically good and are predisposed to exhibit ethical conduct.
They note that people engage in intentional learning by observing others.
They define psychology as the scientific study of behavior, not behavior and mental processes.
They believe that human social behavior is solely based on hereditary principles.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Case studies are subject to inaccuracies.
True
False
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of biologically oriented psychologists?
They believe that self-awareness, experience, and choice permit us to invent ourselves and our ways of relating to the world as we progress through life.
They study the influences of ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status on behavior and mental processes.
They investigate the ways we perceive and mentally represent the world, remember the past, plan for the future, solve problems, form judgements ,make decisions, and use language.
They study the role of heredity in behavior and mental processes such as psychological disorders, criminal behavior, and thinking.
- 17. Multiple Choice
Structuralists emphasize the tendency to organize perceptions into wholes and to integrate separate stimuli into meaningful patterns.
True
False
- 18. Multiple Choice
Ned is feeling stressed because of his workload in office. He is also experiencing insomnia with rapid weight loss. Ned's condition is an example of a _____ correlation.
horizontal
negative
lateral
positive
- 19. Multiple Choice
In contrast to structuralists, Gestalt psychologists claimed that one cannot explain human perception, emotions, or thought processes in terms of basic units.
True
False
- 20. Multiple Choice
Which of the following was proposed by functionalists?
Experience can be broken down into objective sensations and subjective feelings.
Direct observations of human behavior in the laboratory cannot supplement introspection.
Adaptive behavior patterns are learned and maintained.
Our lives are governed by unconscious ideas and impulses that originate in childhood conflicts.
- 21. Multiple Choice
Psychoanalysis is the name of the theory of personality developed by Sigmund Freud but not the method of psychotherapy he had developed.
True
False
- 22. Multiple Choice
Erik Erikson focused more on unconscious processes and less on conscious choice and self-direction.
True
False
- 23. Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true of Aristotle's contribution to psychology?
He held that people's behavior should be analyzed subjectively and not objectively.
He suggested that one could think of behavior in terms of a body and a mind.
He argued that human behavior is subject to rules and laws.
He pointed out that people's behavior is solely influenced by external stimulation.
- 24. Multiple Choice
Pauline is a kindergarten teacher. Every time one of her students answers correctly during her alphabet classes, she uses phrases like "Well done" and "Keep it up." Her behavior exemplifies reinforcement.
True
False
- 25. Multiple Choice
_____ specialize in basic processes such as the nervous system, sensation and perception, learning and memory, thought, motivation and emotion.
Forensic psychologists
Clinical psychologists
Personality psychologists
Experimental psychologists
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