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- 1. Multiple Choice
The diagrams below represent rock layers found in 2 different locations by 2 different scientists. The scientist at Location X used letters to label his rock layers, while the scientists at Location Y used Roman numerals to label her layers.
The scientists both used the same colors and patterns to represent different types of rocks. They also used the same set of black and white symbols to represent specific types of fossils in the layers. By correlating layers based on fossils and rock types, the 2 scientists have discovered that certain rock layers are present in both locations.
Which layers are the same?
Layers P, Q, R, and S are the same as layers IV, V, VI and VII.
Layers T and U are the same as layers I and II.
Layers P, Q, R, and S are the same as layers I, II, III, IV.
Layers T and U are the same as layers VI and VII.
- 2. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following correctly lists the layers of rock in order from youngest to oldest?A, B, C, D, EB, C, D, E, AE, D, A, B, CC, B, A, D, E
- 3. Multiple Choice
Which layer is the oldest and youngest?
C and B
C and E, respectively
D and E
A and B
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhich layer is a result of an igneous intrusion?BCDE
- 5. Multiple ChoiceThe geologic time scale is a record of....the history of fossils onlythe history of rocksthe history of rock layers and fossilsgeologist notes
- 6. Multiple ChoiceThe picture is an example of...trace fossil.mineralization.original fossil.mold fossil.
- 7. Multiple ChoiceThe picture is an example of .......trace fossil.carbonization.original fossil.cast.
- 8. Multiple ChoiceThe layers in sedimentary rock are also calledstratafossilserasepochs
- 9. Multiple ChoiceRadiometric age is often referred to as __________ age.totalabsolutehistoricgeological
- 10. Multiple ChoiceFossils are most common in which rock types?sedimentaryigneousmetamorphicall of these commonly contain fossils
- 11. Multiple Choice_____ is any living thing, plant or animal, even you!A paleontologistAn organismA fossilA rock
- 12. Multiple ChoiceWhat happens when a group of animals become extinct?All of its members have died.Only a few of its members are still living.The animals can no longer lay eggs.All of its members move to another place.
- 13. Multiple ChoiceSome students made a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 cm of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 cm of gravel. Finally, they pour 2 cm of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?Sedimentary rock is made of layers.Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.Sedimentary rock is often limestone.Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhich layer formed first?Rock Layer WRock Layer XRock Layer YRock Layer Z
- 15. Multiple ChoiceFossils give us evidence about which of the following?plants and animals that lived long agohow weathering and erosion break down rocksthe other planets in our solar systemthe transfer of energy from one form to another
- 16. Multiple ChoiceFinding the fossils of trees in an area that is currently a desert without much life might tell us that the area, millions of years ago -was heavily eroded by strong windsreceived enough rain to support a forestsuffered very powerful earthquakeswas destroyed by the impact of meteorites
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhy are there more animal fossils than plant fossils?Animals eat plants.Plants are smaller than animals.Plants have softer body parts than animals.There were more ancient animals than ancient plants.
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhich is an imprint fossil?bonea castpetrified woodan animal track
- 19. Multiple ChoiceIf scientists found this fossil, what could they infer?what fish are like todaythat this fish lacked oxygenwhat kind of animal ate this fishthat water once covered the area
- 20. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these must happen first for a fossil to form?A plant or animal is covered by sediment.Sediments fill a mold and form a cast.A plant or animal is eaten.Sediments are pressed together and harden.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhat replaces the wood of a once-living tree to form petrified wood?ambera casta moldminerals
- 22. Multiple ChoiceWhy are there many fossil imprints of ferns?Fern parts are hard like bone.Ferns have changed little over time.Once, most plants on Earth were ferns.Ferns were larger than other ancient plants.
- 23. Multiple ChoiceAccording to the law of superposition, the oldest fossils are foundAt the top of the rock layersNear the bottom of the rock layersIn the middle of the rock layersSomewhat near the surface
- 24. Multiple ChoiceLetter "F" is a....inclusionintrusionfaultunconformity
- 25. Multiple ChoiceThe rock formation labeled "P" is a(n)...faultintrusioninclusionunconformity
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the youngest layer in the outcrop?ABCD
- 27. Multiple Choice
Which type of rock is made from lava cooling on Earth's surface?
extrusive igneous
lava rock
metamorphic
intrusive igneous
- 28. Multiple ChoiceIndex fossils CAN tell us the age of a rock layer.TrueFalse
- 29. Multiple ChoiceRock layers can be most closely correlated if they both contain the same...ShapesElementsFossilsTypes of Rocks
- 30. Multiple ChoiceHow old do Paleontologists believe the Earth is?2015 years old3.6 billion years old4.6 billion years old4.6 million years old
- 31. Multiple Choiceprocess where scientists compare rock lays with others to determine a rock's agerelative datingabsolute dating
- 32. Multiple ChoiceOn top of Mt. Everest, there are fossilized remains of sea life; this tells us that the rocks at the top of world's highest mountainused to be above sea levelused to be below sea levelused to be on Marscame from an asteroid
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWhich type of dating method can be used on rock layers by applying the Law of Superposition?relative datingabsolute datingradioactive datingradiometric dating
- 34. Multiple ChoiceIn this rock layer diagram there are two unconformities, a fault at E and an intrusion at D. Which unconformity occurred first? How do you know?Intrusion D occurred first because the instrusion has been moved by the fault.The fault occurred first because it has moved the intrusion D.Intrusion D occurred first because it can be seen in all of the rock layers.Fault E occurred first because it is a normal fault.
- 35. Multiple ChoiceAn ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocksSuperpositionUnconformityLayeredGeologic Column
- 36. Multiple ChoiceHow does the law of crosscutting explain the age of a fault?The fault is younger than the rocks above it.The fault is younger than the rocks it cuts through.The fault is older than the rocks above it.The fault is older than the rocks it cuts through.
- 37. Multiple Choice
The idea that sedimentary rocks are deposited in horizontal layers unless disturbed by forces within the Earth can best be explained by which principle?
Principle of horizontality
Principle of Superposition
Principle of original lateral continuity
- 38. Multiple ChoiceA gap in the rock record is referred to as ___________.erosionfaultingunconformityfolding
- 39. Multiple ChoiceWhat can cause an unconformity between rock layers?mixing of strataerosioncontinuous depositiona change in fossils
- 40. Multiple Choicestates that the geologic feature which cuts another is the younger of the two featureslaw of horizontalitycross cutting relationshipslaw of superpositionuniformitarianism
- 41. Multiple ChoiceThe statement "Layer B is younger than layer E" can be determined by using which principle?Principle of HorizontalityPrinciple of Cross-Cutting RelationshipsPrinciple of InclusionsPrinciple of Superposition
- 42. Multiple ChoiceFolded or tilted rock comes to the surface, erodes, and new sediment is deposited.Original HorizontalityAngular unconformityLaw of SuperpositionNonconformity
- 43. Multiple ChoiceDisconformityNonconformityAngular unconformityParaconformity
- 44. Multiple ChoiceDisconformityNonconformityAngular unconformityParaconformity
- 45. Multiple ChoiceDisconformityNonconformityAngular unconformityParaconformity
- 46. Multiple ChoiceWhat is a gap in time shown in a rock sequence?An unconformityAn isotopeprinciple of superpositionprinciple of original horizontality
- 47. Multiple ChoiceWhich layer is the oldest?BCDE
- 48. Multiple Choice
Which of the layers/events below is the youngest?
B
C
D
E
- 49. Multiple ChoiceThe process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rockweatheringsedimentationerosioncementation
- 50. Multiple ChoiceA break in the Earth's crustfaultmountainplatefossil
- 51. Multiple Choice
Which principle or law states that when layers of sediments are deposited, they settle in flat, horizontal layers due to gravity. Therefore if layers are NOT horizontal, whatever disturbed them must have happened AFTER they were made.
Uniformitarianism
Original Horizontality
Lateral Continuity
Superposition
- 52. Multiple Choice
The best index fossils have which two traits?
widespread geographically, relatively long existence
widespread geographically, relatively short existence
specific place, long lifespan
specific place, short lifespan
- 53. Multiple ChoiceThe age of a rock layer compared to the other rock layers around it is calledAbsolute AgeRelative AgeComparative AgeLayer Age
- 54. Multiple Choice
What does it mean when a common index fossil can no longer be found in rock strata after a certain time in Earth's history?
it moved away
it went extinct
it evolved into something else
- Answer choicesTagsAnswer choicesTags