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A team of ecologists observed feeding patterns of several populations in the desert. The energy pyramid shown below depicts the feeding patterns the ecologist observed.
Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of available energy in the trophic levels of the desert ecosystem?
A. There is less energy available in the producers because their tissues are less dense than those at higher trophic levels.
B. There is more energy available in the second trophic level because less energy is needed for hunting compared to the higher trophic levels.
C. There is more available energy in the birds of prey because they have greater muscle mass for storing energy than organisms in lower trophic levels have.
D. There is less available energy in the fourth trophic level because of the loss of energy through metabolism in each of the lower trophic levels.
A diagram of a food web is shown below.
Which organism receives the least amount of energy from the producers?
A. Hawk
B. Rabbit
C. Grasshopper
D. Mouse
The diagram below shows the cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.
The removal of which of the following groups would cause an immediate decrease in the amount of energy flowing through the system?
A. Producers
B. Consumers
C. Decomposers
D. Inorganic nutrients
Complete burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the
A. herbivores.
B. water.
C. vegetation.
D. atmosphere.
Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the top of an energy pyramid?
A. clams - a primary consumer
B. sardines - a primary consumer
C. sharks - a secondary consumer
D. kelp - a primary producer
The diagram below shows the flow of carbon in a terrestrial ecosystem.
Which will most likely happen if the decomposers are removed from the carbon cycle?
A. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase.
B. The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease.
C. The amount of carbon dioxide used by producers will increase.
D. The amount of carbon dioxide needed by consumers will decrease.
In a process called transpiration, plants get rid of excess water through pores in the leaves called stomata. This excess water is then released into the atmosphere as part of the water cycle. Which of the following terms best describes how the released water enters the atmosphere?
A. condensation
B. precipitation
C. evaporation
D. capillary action
The framework of organic molecules essential to all organisms is composed mainly of carbon atoms. Which processes are involved in the cycling of carbon within an environment?
A. photosynthesis and respiration
B. evaporation and condensation
C. transcription and translation
D. diffusion and transpiration
Which of the following statements is true about natural systems?
A. Consumers form the bottom levels of both the energy pyramid and the biomass pyramid.
B. Producers are at the bottom level of both the energy pyramid and the biomass pyramid.
C. Producers are at the bottom of the energy pyramid, but at the top of the biomass pyramid.
D. Consumers are at the bottom of the energy pyramid, but at the top of the biomass pyramid.
Which of the following best explains the difference in the amount of energy available in each tropic level of this food web?
A. There is more available energy in the seal than there is in the phytoplankton
B. There is more available energy in the penguin than there is in the zooplankton
C. There is less available energy in the seal than there is in the phytoplankton
D. There is less available energy in the zooplankton than there is in the penguin
Which of the following correctly traces the energy transfer through the trophic levels in the marine food web shown below?
A. Fish > sea birds > seal > penguin
B. Phytoplankton > krill > fish > seal
C. Seal > sea birds > fish > phytoplankton
D. Zooplankton > phytoplankton > krill > squid
Which of the following describes how the amount of energy changes as it flows from one trophic level to the next in the marine food web shown below?
A. Energy increases as it is transferred from penguins to seals, since seals are more massive than penguins.
B. Energy decreases as it is transferred from zooplankton to fish, since zooplankton are producers and fish are consumers.
C. When krill consume phytoplankton, about 90 percent of the phytoplankton’s energy is transferred to the krill.
D. When sea birds consume fish, about 10 percent of the fish’s energy is transferred to the sea birds.
Carbon Dioxide is important in our atmosphere because it is required for photosynthesis and traps some heat, keeping the Earth warm. However, human produced carbon dioxide is a problem because it
A. leads to higher global temperatures.
B. disrupts the natural cycling of other greenhouse gases.
C. add too much carbon dioxide to the oceans.
D. causes uncontrolled photosynthesis.
13 questions 
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