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- 1. Multiple Choice
A change in the external environment that initiates an impulse is known as a
synapse
response
stimulus
receptor
- 2. Multiple Choice
An example of a reaction to a stimulus is
a boy smelling a flower
eyes blinking due to smoke in the air
a person tapping on the shoulder of a friend
a loud clap of thunder following lightning
- 3. Multiple Choice
The diagram represents the region between two nerve cells. Cell A releases a chemical that travels to and binds with structure X on cell B.
a receptor molecule
an inorganic substance
a ribosome
an antibody
- 4. Multiple Choice
Effectors are best described as
organs that interpret stimuli
structures that respond to stimuli
tissues that initiate stimuli
cells that transmit stimuli
- 5. Multiple Choice
The diagram represents a neuron. Which number indicates an area where a stimulus is detected and an electrochemical impulse is conducted to the cyton?
1
2
3
4
- 6. Multiple Choice
A receptor that detects stimuli from the external environment is
a muscle fiber
the thyroid gland
a salivary gland
a taste bud
- 7. Multiple Choice
The diagram represents part of the human nervous system. The arrows in the diagram show the
movement of a stimulus in a cyton
transport of oxygen in a nerve
transfer of an impulse from one neuron to another
response of an effector to a stimulus
- 8. Multiple Choice
Base your answer on the diagram of a cell associated with coordination and on your knowledge of biology.
Which statement best describes a function of the entire structure shown in the diagram?
It unites with an egg cell during fertilization.
It synthesizes a hormone involved in the control of blood sugar level.
It releases chemicals involved in cellular communication.
It controls the replication of genetic material.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Nerve cells are essential to an animal because they directly provide
communication between cells
transport of nutrients to various organs
regulation of reproductive rates within other cells
an exchange of gases within the body
- 10. Multiple Choice
To aid in the transmission of an impulse, neurotransmitters are secreted
along an axon
by a dendrite
by a cyton
into a synapse
- 11. Multiple Choice
In the diagram below, as an impulse travels from structure 1 to structure 5, which sequence does not include the secretion of a neurotransmitter?
1 -> 4
3 -> 5
3 -> 4
1 -> 2
- 12. Multiple Choice
In humans, one function of an interneuron is to relay impulses directly from
receptors to the brain
receptors to other receptors
motor neurons to receptors
a sensory neuron to a motor neuron
- 13. Multiple Choice
A blind student runs his fingers along a page of braille. Another student reads a page printed in a textbook. Both students are able to obtain and process the information most directly as a result of the activities of the
sensory neurons and cerebrum
involuntary muscles and cerebellum
interneurons and spinal cord
smooth muscles and medulla
- 14. Multiple Choice
Which portion of the central nervous system coordinates motor activities and aids in maintaining balance?
cerebrum
cerebellum
medulla
spinal cord
- 15. Multiple Choice
Base your answer on the diagram which represents the human brain and on your knowledge of biology.
Which processes would most likely be affected if the part of the brain indicated by letter A was damaged?
ability to contract muscles in the walls of arteries
reflex actions and involuntary behavior patterns
involuntary activities such as breathing and peristalsis
reasoning and speech
- 16. Multiple Choice
A man suffers a head injury in a car accident. For several days afterward, he has difficulty remembering phone numbers. This loss of memory results from damage to the man's
cerebrum
cerebellum
medulla
spinal cord
- 17. Multiple Choice
Impulses originating in the part of the brain called the medulla would most directly affect which body structure?
a leg muscle
a ligament
an arm bone
the heart
- 18. Multiple Choice
The peripheral nervous system consists of the
neurons located in the brain and spinal cord
nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord
interneurons of the central nervous system
portions of the brain known as the medulla and cerebellum
- 19. Multiple Choice
Regulation of heart rate is most closely associated with the
cerebrum
cerebellum
somatic nervous system
autonomic nervous system
- 20. Multiple Choice
The contraction of the biceps and triceps muscles in the human arm is regulated by the
autonomic nervous system
pituitary gland
somatic nervous system
hypothalamus
- 21. Multiple Choice
Rapid messages are sent from the brain to muscles and glands of the human body by way of the
spinal cord and peripheral nervous system
sensory neurons located in sensory nerves
red blood cells and blood plasma
lymph vessels and lymph nodes
- 22. Multiple Choice
When a child runs to his mother after hearing a clap of thunder, the child is using
the central nervous system, only
the peripheral nervous system, only
both the central and the peripheral nervous systems
neither the central nor the peripheral nervous system
- 23. Multiple Choice
If a motor neuron involved in a reflex arc is damaged, which event in that arc is least likely to occur?
contraction of a muscle
stimulation of an interneuron
reception of a stronger stimulus by the sense organ
secretion of a neurotransmitter by the sensory neuron
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which is a correct route of an impulse in a reflex arc?
receptor → sensory neuron →interneuron → motor neuron → effector
effector → receptor→ motor neuron →sensory neuron → interneuron
sensory neuron → effector → motor neuron → receptor → interneuron
motor neuron → sensory neuron →interneuron → effector
- 25. Multiple Choice
Which structures in a human transmit electrochemical messages?
veins
lymphocytes
neurons
nephrons
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