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Biology, Other Sciences
6th -
8thgrade
6th Grade Unit 7 Test: Human Body Systems
18 questions
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- 1. Multiple Choice
It is important for conditions inside the body to be stable as the external environment changes. The endocrine system helps the body do this through feedback mechanisms. Which of the following describes a feedback mechanism of the endocrine system?
an involuntary reaction that controls the way an organ works
a way to remove waste in response to more food being digested
a change in the amount of hormones that affect certain body cells
an increase in electrical signals from the nerves to the brain
- 2. Multiple Choice
Pierre is studying the organs in the human digestive system. He looks at a diagram of the intestines, similar to the one that follows. Which of the following correctly describes the diagram?
Structure A is the small intestine, and structure B connects the mouth to the stomach.
Structure A is the small intestine, and structure B absorbs water from digested material.
Structure A is the large intestine, and structure B absorbs nutrients from digested material.
Structure A is the large intestine, and structure B produces bile and stores it temporarily.
- 3. Multiple Choice
In science class, Rupert learns about the different systems of the human body. What are three functions of the system shown above?
A
support, protection, and movement
gas exchange, digestion, and development
waste removal, regulation, and stimuli response
removal of pathogens, blood transportation, and movement
- 4. Multiple Choice
Organ systems work together to meet the needs of the human body. How is the skeletal system related to the nervous system?
The skeleton protects the brain and spinal cord.
The brain determines how the skeleton develops.
The brain and spinal cord hold the skeleton together.
The skeletal system works as a part of the nervous system.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Groups of organs in the body work together as organ systems. Each organ system has a special role in the body. Organ systems include the nervous system, immune system, and endocrine system. What is the role of the endocrine system in the body?
It gets rid of wastes that the body produces.
It uses electrical signals to control body functions.
It uses chemical messages to control body functions.
It gets rid of bacteria and viruses that invade the body.
- 6. Multiple Choice
Kim is studying certain blood vessels in the body. In these vessels, blood travels from the heart to the muscles in the upper arms. Which type of vessels is Kim studying?
veins
arteries
capillaries
lymph ducts
- 7. Multiple Choice
Muscles often work together to produce movement, as shown below. When the biceps contracts and gets shorter, what does the triceps do?
It relaxes and gets longer.
It relaxes and gets shorter.
It contracts and gets longer.
It contracts and gets shorter
- 8. Multiple Choice
The human muscular system can suffer injury or disease. Which of the following is an example of a genetic disease that affects the muscular system?
tendinitis
muscular dystrophy
a muscle strain
a muscle tear
- 9. Multiple Choice
The environment can affect a person’s health. Which of the following diseases would be most adversely affected by cigarette smoke?
emphysema and Parkinson’s disease
asthma and gonorrhea
asthma and Parkinson’s disease
emphysema and asthma
- 10. Multiple Choice
Anaerobic exercise is an intense activity that lasts a short period of time. This kind of exercise increases muscle power. Aerobic exercise is a moderate activity that lasts a longer period of time. This kind of exercise strengthens the heart. Which of the following is another difference between anaerobic and aerobic exercise?
In anaerobic exercise, muscles do not use oxygen; in aerobic exercise, muscles use oxygen.
In anaerobic exercise, muscles use hydrogen; in aerobic exercise, muscles use nitrogen.
In anaerobic exercise, muscles use helium; in aerobic exercise, muscles use methane.
In anaerobic exercise, muscles do not use oxygen; in aerobic exercise, muscles use carbon dioxide.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Amy goes to the doctor because she is not feeling well. The doctor carefully looks for anything abnormal in Amy’s pharynx. The doctor then listens through his stethoscope for abnormal sounds in Amy’s bronchi and alveoli. Which body system is the doctor examining?
the lymphatic system
the respiratory system
the circulatory system
the cardiovascular system
- 12. Multiple Choice
When he eats, Eli chews his food carefully. Which of these explains what Eli is doing as his teeth mash and crush the food into small pieces?
He is performing peristalsis.
He is chemically digesting his food
He is mechanically digesting his food.
He is mixing his saliva with bile.
- 13. Multiple Choice
Sexually transmitted infections, called STIs, are illnesses that are transferred by sexual contact. STIs can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites. Which of the following is an STI that is caused by a virus?
syphilis
pubic lice
gonorrhea
genital herpes
- 14. Multiple Choice
Alice feels pain in her chest after she eats a big meal. Her doctor tells her that the pain is from stomach acid being pushed up into the tube that leads from her mouth to her stomach. To which digestive system structure is Alice’s doctor referring?
liver
esophagus
large intestine
small intestine
- 15. Multiple Choice
Sergey runs a mile in gym class. After running, Sergey breathes heavily, pulling air into his lungs. Which statement best describes the path that the oxygen takes from his lungs to cells in his body?
Oxygen first enters his systemic circulation, then his heart, then his pulmonary circulation.
Oxygen first enters his pulmonary circulation, then his heart, then his systemic circulation.
Oxygen first enters his heart, then his systemic circulation, then his pulmonary circulation.
Oxygen first enters his heart, then his pulmonary circulation, then his systemic circulation.
- 16. Multiple Choice
Some diseases cause a person’s kidneys to not function properly. A dialysis machine is a device that does the work of a person’s kidneys. What does a dialysis machine do?
breaks down nutrients
filters waste from the blood
regulates the digestive system
transports oxygen through the bloodstream
- 17. Multiple Choice
At puberty, hormones trigger the development of sexual characteristics. Hormones also aid in reproduction. Which of the following are female sex hormones?
corpus and luteum
gonads and gametes
estrogen and progesterone
androgens and testosterone
- 18. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows the two main parts of the nervous system. The part labeled A processes and sends messages. The part labeled B transports the messages to and from the rest of the body. What structures make up the part of the nervous system labeled B?
the spinal cord only
the brain and spinal cord
blood vessels and muscle cells
motor nerves and sensory nerves
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