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Biology
9th
grade
STAAR Review Day 5 DNA Structure and Molecular Genetics
10 questions
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- 1. Multiple Choice
The process represented in the diagram produces a molecule that is complementary to the template strand of DNA. What type of molecule is produced?
New DNA
Polypeptide
Messenger RNA
Carbohydrate
- 2. Multiple Choice
What is the purpose of this cellular process?
Preserving genetic information for future generations
Deleting the information in the sequence produced from the DNA template
Transcribing information in the DNA sequence for use by the cell
Producing more nucleotides for the DNA sequence
- 3. Multiple Choice
Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown below.
What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion
Frameshift
- 4. Multiple Choice
A segment of DNA is represented in the illustration. How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?
As a sequence of nucleotides
In the double-helix shape of the condensed chromosome
In the ratio of adenines to thymines
As a pattern of phosphates and sugars
- 5. Multiple Choice
A segment of DNA produces methionine, threonine, histidine, aspartate, and glycine when translated. A substitution mutation occurs and causes the synthesis of the segment as shown. Which is the new peptide chain when the new DNA segment is translated?
Methionine, leucine, histidine, aspartate, glycine
Methionine, phenylalanine, histidine, aspartate, glycine
Methionine, proline, histidine, aspartate, glycine
Methionine, serine, histidine, aspartate, glycine
- 6. Multiple Choice
Four different types of cells are shown to the right. Which characteristic is shared by all four cells?
A mechanism for transforming sunlight into energy
Self-locomotion
Membrane-bound organelles that transport substances
Genetic material composed of DNA
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which of these models of a DNA strand shows bases that are complementary to the ones on the student’s DNA model?
- 8. Multiple Choice
Information in DNA is carried in sequences of genetic code. How are these genetic codes translated into specific proteins that carry out functions within the organism?
Triplets, a group of three nucleotides, create a code for a specific amino acid. These amino acids are combined into chains to form proteins.
Nitrogen bases in the DNA strand recombine into amino acids chains.
Mutations within a set of nucleotides create variations in genetic coding. These variations are vital to consistent protein synthesis.
All of the above
- 9. Multiple Choice
In the genetic structure below, which component changes when coding for different triplets and amino acids?
sugar
phosphate group
nitrogen base
all three above will change in creating different triplets
- 10. Multiple Choice
The chart below illustrates the amino acids that a specific triplet creates. Which of the following mutations would result in a different protein being synthesized?
AUA is mutated into AUU
AGA is mutated into AGG
AUU is mutated into ACU
ACC is mutated into ACA
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