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- 1. Multiple Choice
In the 1800s two scientists, Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden, studied different types of organisms. After many years of studying a great variety of organisms, they drew similar but independent conclusions about their observations. Which statement is developed most directly from the conclusions and is part of the modern cell theory?
Cells contain hereditary information.
Living things are composed of cells.
Cells exist only in multicellular organisms.
The functions of living things occur in cells.
- 2. Multiple Choice
What kind of cell is represented by the above model?
Fungi
Animal
Bacteria
Plant
- 3. Multiple Choice
There are many processes at work in the human stomach. The stomach is part of which larger system?
circulatory
digestive
nervous
respiratory
- 4. Multiple Choice
In 1838 botanist Matthias Schleiden determined that all plants are composed of cells. In 1839 anatomist Theodor Schwann proposed that all animals are composed of cells. In 1855 biologist Rudolph Virchow added to Schleiden’s and Schwann’s observations and proposed that all living things are composed of cells. Which statement is also part of Virchow’s cell theory?
All cells have a cell wall.
All cells are capable of photosynthesis.
All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
All cells can develop into any other type of cell.
- 5. Multiple Choice
Living organisms are made up of cells. Cells are organized at different levels to form very complex living organisms like your body. Each level has a specific role or job to perform.
Which of the following lists these levels in the correct order of organization from the simplest to the most complex?
Organisms, organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
Tissues, cells, organs, organisms, organ systems
Organs, organ systems, organisms, cells, tissues
Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which structures perform similar functions in plant and animal cells?
mitochondria, nucleus, cell membrane
vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall
cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus
ribosome, cell membrane, chloroplast
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which structure of plant cells helps to maintain homeostasis?
semipermeable cell membrane
chlorplasts
large vacuoles filled with food, air, and water
tough, rigid cell wall
- 8. Multiple Choice
An animal’s liver is very important. It cleans the blood while also playing a key role in digestion. Which level of biological organization does the liver belong to?
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
- 9. Multiple Choice
A strainer allows certain items through, but not others. Which cell part functions similarly to a strainer?
nucleus
ribosome
mitochondrion
cell membrane
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which of these can be found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
nucleus
chloroplast
chromosome
cell membrane
- 11. Multiple Choice
Students observed cells under the microscope. They observed that the cells had a cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, and many chloroplasts. Which observation helps students identify the type of cell observed?
The presence of a nucleus means the cells are from a plant.
The presence of chloroplasts means that the cells are from a plant.
The presence of a cell membrane means that the cells are from an animal.
The presence of a cell wall means that the cells are from an animal.
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which cell structure functions like a school principal’s office?
Vacuole
Nucleus
Cell wall
Cell membrane
- 13. Multiple Choice
The fluid surrounding the organelles of a cell is the —
cytoplasm
chloroplast
mitochondria
cell membrane
- 14. Multiple Choice
In addition to other materials, both the respiratory system and the circulatory system move oxygen. Which of the following BEST explains why there are two human body systems to move oxygen?
One moves oxygen into the body, and the other moves oxygen out of the body.
One moves oxygen while awake, and the other moves oxygen when asleep.
One moves oxygen into the body, and the other moves oxygen through the body.
One moves oxygen to the upper body, and the other moves oxygen to the lower body.
- 15. Multiple Choice
Blood is an odd structure in animals because it is one of the few structures that has functions and is fluid. Blood is mostly made of two types of cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to all parts of the body. White blood cells protect the body from disease using a variety of methods. Blood is best classified as a —
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
- 16. Multiple Choice
The primary function of a chloroplast is to —
store water and nutrients
convert food into energy a cell can use
control the functions of a cell and control genetic traits
convert radiant energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis
- 17. Multiple Choice
Which statement accurately represents the differences in plant and animal cells?
Only animal cells have a cell membrane, mitochondria, and cytoplasm.
Only plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a vacuole.
Only animal cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a vacuole.
Only plant cells have a cell membrane, mitochondria, and cytoplasm.
- 18. Multiple Choice
Which of the following do all living organisms have in common?
Cells are held up by cell walls
Cells are made from pre-existing cells
Special cells that can do many different things
The method to get water and food into their cells
- 19. Multiple Choice
The food that you eat travels from your mouth, down your esophagus, into your stomach, and through your small and large intestines before your body rids itself of solid waste. As the food passes through your body, it is digested, and you get important nutrients from the food.
Which of the following is the correct term used to describe a group of body parts working together to perform a specific function?
A tissue
An organ
An organ system
An organism
- 20. Multiple Choice
A student observing a sample of cheek cells noticed that all of the cells were identical. Which statement below explains why these cells are identical?
They have a chloroplast.
They do not have a cell wall.
All cells come from other cells through division.
They all come from the same location in the body.
- 21. Multiple Choice
The skin of an animal functions to protect it from external factors, much like the walls of a house protect people inside it from weather. What structure of an animal cell is most like the skin of an animal and the wall of a house?
nucleus
cell wall
cell membrane
mitochondrion
- 22. Multiple Choice
According to cell theory, what do each of the following organisms have in common?
Each organism is able to photosynthesize.
They are all made up of the same kinds of atoms.
They can all reproduce by spontaneous generation.
Cells are the basic unit of structure for each organism.
- 23. Multiple Choice
Early Romans discovered that objects could be magnified through the construction and shaping of glass. For the past thousand years, this discovery has led to the construction and design of modern day microscopes. The development of the microscope was used in the 17th and 18th centuries to observe cells and eventually develop “cell theory”. Which of the following is the most basic explanation of “cell theory”?
All cells are identical.
All living things are made of cells.
Every object in the universe is made of cells.
Cells are made from atoms during chemical reactions.
- 24. Multiple Choice
The diagram illustrates cells found in the stomach. Which statement about the cells is correct?
Cell A has different genetic information than Cell B.
Cell A contains exactly the same genetic information as Cell B.
Cells in the stomach lining reproduce slowly due to the damaging effects of stomach acid.
The stomach acid destroyed the genetic information in the parent cell, but left the offspring cells undamaged.
- 25. Multiple Choice
What level of organization within a plant is the structure above?
Tissue
Organ
cell
Organ system
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