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- 1. Multiple ChoiceHow can photosynthesis be related to cellular respiration?What's produced (made) by one is needed (the reactants) for the otherThey both produce the same productsThey both have the same reactants (need the same things)These 2 processes have nothing in common
- 2. Multiple ChoiceThe reactants of photosynthesis aresugar and water.sugar and oxygen.carbon dioxide, light and water.carbon dioxide and oxygen.
- 3. Multiple Choice
Enzymes are
proteins that function as catalysts
broken down in reactions that require energy input
used up in chemical reactions.
not needed for catabolic reactions
- 4. Multiple ChoiceSuccinate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate. The reaction is inhibited by malonic acid, which resembles succinate but cannot be acted upon by succinate dehydrogenase. Increasing the ratio of succinate to malonic acid reduces the inhibitory effect of malonic acid. What is malonic acid's role with respect to succinate dehydrogenase?It is a competitive inhibitor.It is an allosteric regulator.It is able to bind to succinate.It blocks the binding of fumarate.
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is true for anabolic pathways?they do not depend on enzymesthey are usually spontaneous chemical reactionsthey consume energy to build polymers from monomersThey release energy as they degrade polymers to monomers
- 6. Multiple ChoiceThe mechanism by which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an earlier step in the pathway is called ___________metabolic inhibitionfeedback inhibitionirreversible inhibitionallosteric regulation
- 7. Multiple Choice
A degradative process such as cellular respiration can also be known as...
catabolic pathway
kinetic pathway
endergonic pathway
anabolic pathway
- 8. Multiple ChoiceATP is called a cell’s “energy currency” becauseATP catalyzes all metabolic reactions.most of the energy that drives metabolism is supplied by ATP.glucose is made of ATP.ATP allows one organelle to be exchanged for another between cells.
- 9. Multiple ChoiceEnergy is released from ATP whena phosphate group is addedadenine bonds to riboseATP is exposed to sunlighta phosphate group is removed
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhich best describes how the shape of an enzyme affects its function?It determines the specific reaction it will catalyzeIt determines the raw products needed for the reactionIt determines whether a reaction will be slowed or sped upIt determines the products that will result from the reaction
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which letter corresponds to the activation energy of the forward reaction?ABCD - 12. Multiple ChoiceEnzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?reducing the number of productsreducing the activation energyincreasing the temperature of the cellincreasing the concentration of reactants
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhy is ATP an important molecule in metabolism?Its hydrolysis provides an input of free energy for exergonic reactions.It provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions.Its terminal phosphate group contains a strong covalent bond that when hydrolyzed releases free energy.Its terminal phosphate bond has higher energy than the other two.
- 14. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is (are) true about enzyme-catalyzed reactions?
The reaction is faster than the same reaction in the absence of the enzyme.
The free energy change of the reaction is opposite from the reaction in the absence of the enzyme.
The reaction always goes in the direction toward chemical equilibrium
Enzyme-catalyzed are always exergonic/catabolic
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the main purpose of the light reactions?To provide the energy and electrons for the calvin cycleTo capture energy and make sugarTo reflect green lightTo make sugars
- 16. Multiple Choice
What is the term for metabolic pathways that release stored energy by breaking down complex molecules?
anabolic pathways
catabolic pathways
fermentation pathways
thermodynamic pathways
- 17. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements describes NAD+?
NAD+ is reduced to NADH during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
NAD+ has more chemical energy than NADH.
NAD+ is oxidized by the action of hydrogenases.
NAD+ can donate electrons for use in oxidative phosphorylation.
In the absence of NAD+, glycolysis can still function.
- 18. Multiple Choice
Where does glycolysis take place in eukaryotic cells?
cytosol
mitochondrial outer membrane
mitochondrial intermembrane space
mitochondrial matrix
- 19. Multiple Choice
A partial degradation of sugars or other organic fuel that occurs without the use of oxygen
Aerobic Respiration
Fermentation
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis
- 20. Multiple Choice
Where does the citric acid cycle take place?
Golgi Apparatus
Cytosol
Chloroplast stroma
Mitochondrial matrix
- 21. Multiple Choice
Most of the CO2 from the catabolism of glucose is released during...
electron transport
glycolysis
the citric acid cycle
chemiosmosis and oxidative phosphorylation
- 22. Multiple Choice
During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence?
glucose → pyruvate → ATP → oxygen
glucose → ATP → ETC → NADH
glucose → NADH → ETC → oxygen
glucose → ATP → FADH2 → citric acid
- 23. Multiple Choice
The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event?
glycolysis
the citric acid cycle
the reduction of NAD+ to NADH
accepting electrons at the end of the ETC
- 24. Multiple Choice
Which of the following binds to the active site of an enzyme?
water
ATP
substrate
another enzyme
- 25. Multiple Choice
Which of the following factors would you not expect to influence the action of enzymes?
Temperature of the cytoplasm
The amount of reactant in the cell
pH of the cytoplasm
Relative humidity
- 26. Multiple Choice
What does photosynthesis need to replenish the electrons used to produce high energy sugars?
Oxygen
ATP
Carbon Dioxide
Water
- 27. Multiple Choice
In oxidative phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP + Pi to ATP?
energy released as electrons flow through the electron transport system.
energy released from substrate-level phosphorylation.
energy released from ATP synthase pumping hydrogen ions against their concentration gradient.
energy released from the movement of protons (H+) through ATP synthase.
No external source of energy is required because the reaction is exergonic.
- 28. Multiple Choice
A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are not being absorbed by this pigment?
red and yellow
blue and violet
green and yellow
blue, green, violet and red
- 29. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is true concerning the figure?
It represents cell processes to minimize photorespiration
It represents an adaptation to cellular respiraiton
It is an aerobic pathway that mimics photosynthesis
It represents the type of cell structures found in CAM plants
- 30. Multiple Choice
CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they
fix CO2 into organic acids during the night.
fix CO2 into organic acids in bundle-sheath cells.
fix CO2 into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells.
use photosystems at night
- 31. Multiple Choice
In which compartment of the plant cell do the light- independent reactions of photosynthesis take place?
thylakoid
stroma
outer membrane
mesophyll
- 32. Multiple Choice
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic bacteria. They accomplish photosynthesis is nearly the same way as algae and plants but without
chloroplasts
chlorophyll
water
CO2
- 33. Multiple Choice
The enzyme creatine phosphokinase is known to directly participate in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. High levels of ADP would most likely
increase the activity of the enzyme
decrease the activity of the enzyme
over stimulate the enzyme's active site causing denaturation
act as an allosteric inhibitor
- 34. Multiple Choice
What do the electrons added to NAD+ do?
They become part of a fermentation pathway.
They go to another pathway for ATP production.
They energize the entry of the acetyl group into
the citric acid cycle.
They are converted to NADP.
- 35. Multiple Choice
An allosteric inhibitor does which of the following?
Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, increasing its affinity for substrate binding
Binds to the active site and blocks it from binding substrate
Binds to an enzyme away from the active site and changes the conformation of the active site, decreasing its affinity for the substrate
Binds directly to the active site and mimics the substrate
- 36. Multiple Choice
Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of _____ and used short-term to perform work from a(n) _____ molecule.
ATP : glucose
an anabolic molecule : catabolic molecule
glucose : ATP
a catabolic molecule : anabolic molecule
- 37. Multiple Choice
Which of the following properly describes the metabolic role of fermentation in certain cells?
It is an exergonic reaction that fuels the endergonic phosphorylation of ADP to ATP
It oxidizes NADH to NAD+ allowing for glycolysis to continue
It produces FADH molecules used in oxidative phosphorylation
It removes the oxygen to produce an aerobic condition
- 38. Multiple ChoiceWhere do the light-dependent reactions occur?thylakoid membranestromamesophyllmitochondria
- 39. Multiple ChoiceIn which compartment of the plant cell do the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place?thylakoidstromaouter membranemesophyll
- 40. Multiple ChoiceThe thylakoid membrane has a large surface area, providing space for a large number of electron transporting molecules and two types of protein complexes called?photosystems.transport proteinsproteinsphoto proteins
- 41. Multiple ChoiceDNA replication involves unwinding two strands of parent DNA, copying each strand to synthesize complementary strands, and releasing the parent and daughter DNA so now there are two copies of the original strand. Which of the following accurately describes this process?This is an anabolic processThis is a catabolic processThis is both anabolic and catabolicThis is a metabolic process but is neither anabolic nor catabolic
- 42. Multiple Choice
Which statement is true according to the image?
A: endergonic; B: exergonic
A: exothermic; B: endothermic
A: exergonic; B: endergonic
A: endothermic; B: exothermic
- 43. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement is true according to the image?The red curve shows the same reaction as the black curve when catalyzed by an enzymeThe black curve shows the same reaction as the red curve when catalyzed by an enzymeMore activation energy is required in the reaction represented by the red curveThe two curves above are not related
- 44. Multiple ChoiceA reducing chemical reaction ________.reduces the compound to a simpler formadds an electron to the substrateremoves a hydrogen atom from the substrateis a catabolic reaction
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