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43 questions
A biology student sketched the following cell during a lab as he observed it in the last stage of mitosis. What type of cell did he observe?
animal cell
bacterium cell
fungal cell
plant cell
Which of the following processes might result in the incorrect number of chromosomes in a gamete?
pollination
mitosis
meiosis
binary fission
What type of mutation is responsible for Down’s Syndrome?
substitution during mitosis
frameshift mutation during mitosis
translocation during meiosis
nondisjunction during meiosis
Which of the following is true of asexual reproduction?
it usually results in large numbers of genetically identical offspring
it usually results in larger, more robust offspring
it usually results in large amounts of genetic variation
it usually results in individuals with special adaptations
If the body cells of an animal contain 14 chromosomes, then the gametes of that animal would contain how many chromosomes?
2
7
14
28
Which stage of mitosis is shown in the diagram?
metaphase
anaphase
prophase
telophase
By which method do bacteria reproduce quickly and in large numbers?
vegetative propagation
budding
binary fission
sexual reproduction
The diagram below represents two homologous chromosomes that have exchanged a section. Which of the following Best describes the diagram?.
nondisjunction results in a genetic mutation
disjunction separates system chromatids at the centromere
mitosis results in identical daughter cells
crossing over results in greater genetic variation
Fruit flies have 8 chromosomes in their somatic cells. The diagram below shows the results of meiosis and fertilization in fruit flies. After meiosis is complete, how many chromosomes will be in the sperm cell?
2
4
8
16
A yeast cell contains 32 chromosomes. Yeast normally reproduce by budding. If a parent yeast cell produces a daughter cell by budding, how many chromosomes will the daughter cell contain?
8
16
32
64
Which of the following is MOST likely to reproduce asexually?
sponge
earthworm
lizard
butterfly
Which of the following BEST represents a major difference in cell division in plant cells and in animal cells?
the formation of the spindle
the stage in which the sister chromatids separate
the formation of a cell plate in cytokinesis
the formatoin of chromosome groups at opposite ends of cell
The diagrams below show stages of mitosis. Which stage represents anaphase?
1
2
3
4
What is the MOST common result of crossing over?
new gene combinations
new species
new number of chromosomes
new genetic trait
Two normal parents having 46 chromosomes each have a child with 47 chromosomes. As a result, the child is born with Down’s syndrome. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this disorder?
a point mutation occurred in one of the chromosomes as the child developed in the womb
a frameshift mutation occurred during meiosis
a gene duplication occurred in one of the chromosomes as the child developed in the womb
nondisjunction occurred during the formation of the mother’s egg cell
Many simple animals like sponges can reproduce when a group of cells on a parent grows large enough to detach and live as a separate organism. What is this type of reproduction called?
binary fission
budding
vegetative reproduction
rooting
In order to mend a broken bone, new cells must be produced. which process is used in this repair?
osmosis
oogenesis
mitosis
meiosis
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in their somatic cell. How many chromosomes are in the sex cells of a human?
1
22
23
46
A human cell has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will it have after the first mitotic division?
92
69
46
23
How would you best describe these chromosomes?
homologous
homozygous
chiasmatic
trisomic
When plants reproduce, which process reduces their number of chromosomes?
mitosis
fertilization
meiosis
pollination
When a human egg is fertilized by a sperm cell, the zygote formed it a ___.
polyploidy cell
triploid cell
diploid cell
haploid cell
The pulp cells of apples contain 34 chromosomes. When these cells divide through mitosis, how many chromosomes do they contain?
17
27
34
102
The cells in a dog’s tail contain 78 chromosomes. The sperm of a dog will contain ___.
a. b. 78 c. 156 d. 0
39
78
156
0
Which of the following occurs first when a cell undergoes mitosis?
spindle fibers attach to the centromeres
the cytoplasm divides
chromatin coils into chromosomes
sister chromatids separate
What process is associated with the activity of these chromosomes?
binary fission
conjugation
mitosis
sexual reproduction
Mitosis occurs in several stages. Which cell shows a nucleus that is in the last stage?
cell W
cell X
cell Y
cell Z
Which process could occur in maple trees to decrease the chromosome number in pollen cells from 52 down to 26?
binary fission
meiosis
mitosis
vegetative propagation
Turner’s syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality that results from a missing X chromosome. A person with Turner’s syndrome develops as a female but is shorter and has abnormal sexual characteristics. Which karyotype represents an individual with Turner’s syndrome?
A
B
C
d
A gamete would have an incorrect number of chromosomes due to an error in which of the following processes?
budding
fertilization
meiosis
mitosis
A diagram of two strawberry plants is shown. Plant 2 is produced from Plant 1. If the leaf cells of Plant 1 have 56 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the leaf cells of Plant 2?
14
28
56
112
Which step that occurs in meiosis increases genetic variation in multicellular organisms?
formation of tetrads
crossing over of nonsister chromatids
disappearance of the nuclear membrane
moving of centrioles to opposite ends of the cell
Which of the following describes the location of the chromosomes during metaphase?
located in the nucleus of the cell
clustered at each pole of the cell
lined up along the equator of the cell
scattered throughout the cytoplasm of the cell
What process occurs during mitosis?
DNA changes into RNA
four identical gametes form
chromosomes generate chromatin
chromatin clumps together to form chromosomes
Which of the following accurately describes the process of mitosis?
there will be the same number of daughter cells as there were parent cells
daughter cells will have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
daughter cells will not have the same kind of chromosomes as the parent cell
daughter cells will have the same kind and number of chromosomes as the parent cell
A cow has 60 chromosomes in its somatic cells. how many chromosomes would each of the cells of a new cow embryo have?
2
30
60
120
Which of the following will produce the most genetic diversity in offspring?
fragmentation
binary fission
crossing over
cell cycle
Which of the following occurs during prophase of meiosis but not in mitosis?
spindle forms
chromatids separate
tetrads line up
crossing over
Which of the following is true of meiosis?
meiosis produces cells with half the chromosome number as body cells
meiosis goes through the same four phases of mitosis twice
meiosis produces somatic cells during the process of binary fission
meiosis is responsible for the growth and repair of tissues
The diagram shows the results of meiosis and fertilization in mice. After meiosis is complete, how many chromosomes will be in the egg cell?
10
20
40
80
Which statement describes the overall process of meiosis?
a haploid cell produces 2 haploid cells
a diploid cell produces 2 diploid cells
a haploid cell produces 4 diploid cells
a diploid cell produces 4 haploid cells
In which phase of mitosis does the chromatin become condensed into short, rod-like structures that can be seen easily with a microscope?
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
telophase
The process of crossing over is shown.
F
G
H
J
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