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- 1. Multiple Choice
Which of the following demonstrates the Toussaint L’Ouverture was greatly influenced by Enlightenment ideas?
He started the revolts in Haiti that ended slavery.
He negotiated with the Spanish against the French.
He won control of the territory that would become Haiti.
He produced a constitution that granted equality to all residents of Haiti.
- 2. Multiple Choice
"Do not adopt the best system of government, but the one which is most likely to succeed...for it must be admitted that there is nothing more difficult in the political world than the maintenance of a limited monarchy. Moreover it must also be agreed that only a people as patriotic as the English are capable of controlling the authority of a king and of sustaining the spirit of liberty under the rule of scepter and crown."
--- Simon Bolivar, letter to a Jamaican gentleman
Which statement most accurately summarizes Simon Bolivar’s attitude toward establishment of new governments in the Americas?
It would be impractical for the new Latin American states to establish a limited monarchy like England’s.
The Latin American states should establish absolute monarchies, not limited ones.
New Latin American governments should be based on conservative ideals.
It would be advisable for the new Latin American states to establish a limited monarchy like England’s.
- 3. Multiple Choice
"Do not adopt the best system of government, but the one which is most likely to succeed...for it must be admitted that there is nothing more difficult in the political world than the maintenance of a limited monarchy. Moreover it must also be agreed that only a people as patriotic as the English are capable of controlling the authority of a king and of sustaining the spirit of liberty under the rule of scepter and crown."--- Simon Bolivar, letter to a Jamaican gentleman
Which of the following concepts best summarizes the idea expressed in the first sentence of the quotation?
Laissez-faire
Realpolitik
Nationalism
Social contract
- 4. Multiple Choice
Which would be the most useful source of evidence for understanding John Locke’s influence on Thomas Jefferson?
A biography of Locke by written in 1748.
A speech by Jefferson defending the Declaration of Independence
An essay by a current politician quoting Jefferson
Collection of writings by Locke and by Jefferson
- 5. Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes an important demand that helped bring on the French Revolution?
The First Estate, or clergy, demanded that the Church have more power in government
The Second Estate, or nobility, demanded that workers and peasants pay higher taxes.
The Third Estate, or workers, peasants, and bourgeoisie, demanded more equal taxation and a constitution.
King Louis XVI demanded more taxes from the First and Second Estates.
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which of the following would Adam Smith advocate most strongly?
Implementing mercantilist policies
Reducing government regulations on trade
Increasing government controls over production
Giving workers ownership of industries
- 7. Multiple Choice
Which statement provides the best context for interpreting this photo showing a textile factory in the Industrial Revolution?
The machines used in factories were very similar to the ones used in homes.
Textiles were among the last products to be made in factories.
Middle-class females preferred working in factories to working at home.
Children provided a source of low-cost labor for factories.
- 8. Multiple Choice
One important reason rural residents in Britain migrated to cities during the eighteenth and nineteenth century was that they
Lost the use of land through the enclosure movement
Were part of the cottage industry system
Wanted to live in urban tenements
Preferred the factory work schedule over the farm one
- 9. Multiple Choice
Which statement best reflects basic changes in life from 1750 to 1900 as a result of the Industrial Revolution?
As the demand for food increased, the percentage of people who were peasants increased.
As people switched from agricultural to factory work, families had less time to spend together.
As industrialization increased production, people had to work fewer hours.
As the demand for goods increased, the cottage industry system expanded.
- 10. Multiple Choice
In England, harsh labor conditions and low wages during the Industrial Revolution were most responsible for which of the following developments?
The enclosure movement
Worker unionization
Anti-labor laws
Specialization of labor
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which of the following developments during the Industrial Revolution best argues against Karl Marx’s ideas that capitalism divided society into the proletariat and the bourgeoisie?
The development of inventions to speed up work, such as the spinning jenny and water frame
The decline of the cottage system and the movement of textile production to factories
The rise of a new middle class of managers, office workers, and small business owners
The legal protection of private property, minimizing risk for entrepreneurs and investors
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is true about the Industrial Revolution in both Britain and the United States?
Both gained a large urban workforce as a result of the enclosure movement.
In both nations, the federal government was in charge of industrial development.
Both relied in coal to fuel factories and both had their own rich coal deposits.
Both found early solutions to problems of air and water pollution.
- 13. Multiple Choice
In what important way did the Atlantic slave trade help British capitalists invest in early industrialization?
They used enslaved Africans as labor in some early factories.
They accumulated the capital they needed for industrialization from the slave trade.
By ending the slave trade, they were better able to focus on industry instead.
Participating in the slave trade gave them connections on the global trade market.
- 14. Multiple Choice
Which of the following was an import that caused British entrepreneurs of the to search for faster and larger-scale methods of production?
Machines from France and Germany
Coal from the United States
Cotton cloth from India
Cotton cloth from Belgium
- 15. Multiple Choice
Question 15 refers to the quotation below.
“The real grievance of the worker is the insecurity of his existence; he is not sure that he will always have work, he is not sure that he will always be healthy, and he foresees that will one day be old and unfit to work. If he falls into poverty, even if only through a prolonged illness, he is then completely helpless, left to his own devices, and society does not currently recognize any real obligation towards him beyond the usual help for the poor, even if he has been working all the time every so faithfully and diligently. The usual help for the poor; however, leaves a lot to be desired, especially in large cities, where it is very much worse than in the country.” Otto Von Bismarck, speech, 1884
The reforms that Bismarck passed based on the ideas expressed in his quote above are examples of
The “invisible hand” of the market and the laissez-faire economy
Marx’s rejection of capitalism and free enterprise
Reasons why Germany was slower than Britain to industrialize
Social reforms to gain security for workers and prevent radical unrest
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