Have an account?
Skip to Content
Build your own quiz
Biology
9th -
12thgrade
7. Keystone Review #2 - Protein Synthesis & Mutations
40 questions
Show Answers
See Preview
- 1. Multiple Choice
Which image represents the DNA strands found in the cell after the S phase?
A
B
C
None of the above
- 2. Multiple Choice
A particular cell produces 1) a cell membrane receptor protein, 2) a protein that makes up the cytoskeleton of the cytoplasm, and 3) a lipid based hormone that will be secreted into the bloodstream. Where will each protein be synthesized?
The hormone is synthesized in the smooth ER, the proteins that make up the cytoskeleton are produced in the nucleus, and the cell membrane receptor protein is produced in the Golgi complex.
The hormone is synthesized in the rough ER, the proteins that make up the cytoskeleton are produced in the smooth ER, and the cell membrane receptor protein is produced at a loose ribosome in the cytoplasm.
The hormone is synthesized at a loose ribosome in the cytoplasm, the proteins that make up the cytoskeleton are produced in the rough ER, and the cell membrane receptor protein is synthesized in the smooth ER.
The hormone is synthesized in the smooth ER, the proteins that make up the cytoskeleton are produced at loose ribosomes in the cytoplasm, and the cell membrane receptor protein is produced in ribosomes on the rough ER.
- 3. Multiple Choice
An mRNA strand codes for the amino acid sequence cysteine-tyrosine-lysine-cysteine-asparagine. Which of the following DNA sequences is used as the template for this mRNA?
ACA-ATG-TTT-ACG-TTG
TGT-TAC-AAA-TGC-AAC
UGU-UAC-AAA-UGC-AAC
ACA-AUG-UUU-ACG-UUG
- 4. Multiple Choice
A tRNA molecule with which of the following anticodons would be able to bind to a molecule of leucine?
TTT
TTC
GAA
UUC
- 5. Multiple Choice
Turner syndrome is a rare disorder that occurs in females, who are born with only a single X chromosome. Which of the following identifies the type of chromosomal mutation that causes Turner syndrome?
deletion
duplication
nondisjunction
translocation
- 6. Multiple Choice
Suppose all of the ribosomes in a cell were destroyed. How would this most likely affect the process of gene expression?
The DNA double strand would be unable to separate.
The cell would be unable to form mRNA strands.
The amino acids could not be joined to form a protein.
The tRNA molecules would bind to the wrong amino acids.
- 7. Multiple Choice
A gene specifies a protein that is to be secreted by the cell. Which sequence traces the path of the protein through the cell?
Golgi apparatus --> Vesicle --> Rough ER --> Vesicle
Rough ER --> Vesicle --> Golgi apparatus --> Vesicle
Smooth ER --> Rough ER --> Vesicle --> Golgi apparatus
Unbound ribosome --> Rough ER --> Vesicle --> Golgi apparatus
- 8. Multiple Choice
Which pair consists of terms that represent equal units of information?
codon : RNA
gene ; polypeptide
chromosome : protein
nucleotide ; amino acid
- 9. Multiple Choice
One strand of DNA contains the base sequence of AGGGTATCG. What base sequence does the complementary strand contain?
CTAAGCGTA
TCCCATAGC
ACGGTATCG
GCTATGGCA
- 10. Multiple Choice
Which statement about the part of the molecule labeled 3 is correct?
It come in twenty different variations.
It is the same for all monomers of this type.
It participates in hydrogen bond interactions.
It forms the backbone of a nucleic acid strand.
- 11. Multiple Choice
Which does not describe a function of proteins?
They encode genetic information.
They allow muscle cells to contract.
They help to carry out chemical reactions.
They make up structures that support the cell.
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which statement best explains why the replication of DNA is called semiconservative?
Chromosomes replicate about halfway through the cell cycle.
One strand of a DNA double strand forms later than the other.
Complementary base pairing conserves some genetic information.
Offspring inherit half of the DNA in the nucleus from each parent.
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is primarily responsible for coding of the amino acids used in the synthesis of cellular proteins?DNAtransfer RNAribosomesGolgi apparatus
- 14. Multiple ChoiceThe rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus work together in eukaryotic cells. What is one way the the rough E.R. assists the Golgi apparatus?it assembles nucleic acids from monomersit breaks down old, damaged macromoleculesit packages new protein molecules into vesiclesit determine which protein molecules to synthesize
- 15. Multiple ChoiceA genetic mutation resulted in a change in the sequence of amino acids of a protein, but the function of the protein was not changed. Which statement best describes the genetic mutation?it was a silent mutation that caused a change in the DNA of the organismit was a silent mutation that caused a change in the phenotype of the organismit was a nonsense mutation thhat caused a change in the DNA of the organismit was a nonsense mution that caused a change in the phenotype of the organism
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which organelle is not involved in the synthesis and secretion of a protein from the cell?
ribosome
smooth ER
Golgi apparatus
plasma membrane
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich process helps to preserve the genetic information stored in DNA during DNA replication?the replacement of nitrogen base thymine with uracilenzymes quickly linking notrogen bases with hydrogen bondsthe synthesis of unique sugar and phosphate molecules for each nucelotidenucleotides lining up along the template strand according to base pairing rules
- 18. Multiple Choice
Viruses cannot transcribe or translate their own genes, but can invade host cells that do so. Coxsackie viruses can affect the skin, lining of the mouth, or the internal organs. Some coxsackie viruses contain genes for proteins that disrupt the function of the Golgi apparatus. How do these viral proteins affect the host cell?
They inhibit the translation of mRNA in the host cell.
They cause the host cell to transcribe viral DNA only.
They allow the transport of viral proteins into the host cell.
They prevent the host cell from secreting synthesized proteins.
- 19. Multiple Choice
Use the sequence below to answer the question below.
GGA GGC TAT ATC ATC AGA
Several of the codons from a gene are shown above. Which of the following sequences is the result of a frame-shift mutation to the original sequence?
GGA TAT ATC AGA CGC
GGG GCT ATA TCA GAG
GGC GGT TAT ATA AGA
GGA GGC TAC ATC AGG
- 20. Multiple Choice
Alagille syndrome results when a segment of chromosome 2 attaches to chromosome 20, and a segment of chromosome 20 attaches to chromosome 2. What type of chromosomal mutation causes this disorder?
deletion
duplication
inversion
translocation
- 21. Multiple Choice
Examine the karyotype from an infant born with a rare disorder. Which event caused the disorder?
nondisjunction
chromosome duplication
separation of sister chromatids
segregation of homologous chromosomes
- 22. Multiple Choice
A mutation causes six nucleotides to be inserted at one location into the DNA that encodes a protein. How may the resulting protein be affected?
It may gain two amino acids or it may lose two amino acids.
It will have different amino acids starting at the at mutation site.
It may gain two amino acids or it may be shortened at the mutation site.
It will have two different amino acids but the same number of total amino acids.
- 23. Multiple Choice
A mutation results in a protein that is one-third as long as the normal protein. However, the amino acid sequence for the translated part of the protein is normal. Which best describes the mutation that occurred?
It was a silent mutation that altered a single nucleotide.
It was a missense mutation that inserted several nucleotides.
It was a nonsense mutation that replaced a single nucleotide.
It was a frame-shift mutation that deleted several nucleotides.
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement is true of the diagram?DNA transcription is producing ribosomal RNADNA translation is producing messenger RNADNA transcription is producing messenger RNADNA translation is producing ribosomal RNA
- 25. Multiple ChoiceWhat are the building blocks (monomers) of proteins?lipidscarbohydratesamino acidspolymers
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhich is not a use or function of protein?forms enzymes and hormonesforms transport channel in cell membraneforms structural proteins in the bodyquick energy
- 27. Multiple ChoiceWhich is the monomer (building block) for nucleic acids?amino acidfatty acid & glycerolnucleotidemonosaccharide
- 28. Multiple ChoiceWhich is an example of a nucleic acid?oilsugarDNAred meat
- 29. Multiple ChoiceHow many different amino acids are there?420646
- 30. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the function of nucleic acids?store genetic informationstore energy (long-term)store energy (short-term)build skin, hair, nails, muscles
- 31. Multiple ChoiceWhich macromolecule is shown?lipidproteinnucleic acidcarbohydrate
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following describes replication?DNA --> DNADNA --> RNARNA --> ProteinRNA --> RNA
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following best describes the way that genes, chromosomes and DNA are related?Chromosomes contain several genes, which are made up of sequences of DNAGenes contain several chromosomes, which are made up of sequences of DNAGenes contain several sequences of DNA, which are made up of chromosomesSequences of DNA contain several genes, which are made up of chromosomes
- 34. Multiple ChoiceSuppose that the central C-G base pair in the DNA moleucle below is substituted by an A-T base pair. What is the most likely result of this mutation?genetic variationgenetic clonesincomplete translationidentical offspring
- 35. Multiple ChoiceMaking an mRNA strand based on DNA is calledtranscriptiontranslationreplicationtransformation
- 36. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of bonds connect the two strands of DNA?metallichydrogencovalentionic
- 37. Multiple ChoiceA group of 3 nucleotides read by a ribosome is referred to as a(n)tRNAcodonenzymeisomer
- 38. Multiple ChoiceTranslation does which?DNA --> DNADNA --> RNARNA --> ProteinRNA --> RNA
- 39. Multiple ChoiceAATTGC --> ACTTGC would be what type of mutation?frameshiftinsertiondeletionsubstitution
- 40. Multiple ChoiceAATTGC --> ATTGC would be what type of mutation?deletiontranslocationsubstitutioninsertion
- Answer choicesTagsAnswer choicesTags