Utilitarianism

Urbanization

Proletariat

Enclosure Movement

Interchangeable parts

Factories

Dynamos

Assembly Lines

of steam engines.

of hand-made luxury goods.

in the home. 

in small factories.

Steel

textiles

locomotives

flying shuttles

Western farmers could send their goods down the Mississippi River to the port of New Orleans.

Western farmers could send their goods from the Great Lakes through the canal to the Hudson River and New York City

Western farmers could trade their crops for furs from the American Indians in the Great Lakes region

Western farmers could move their families west of the Rocky Mountains

New England

Middle Atlantic states

the South

the West

Southern plantation owners built their own textile mills

The number of slaves working on Southern cotton plantations increased

Southern plantation owners began replacing their slaves with more efficient free laborers

Farmers who worked their own land without slaves took an increasing share of production

African Americans in the North moved South

People moved from rural areas to cities to find jobs

Urban residents left cities to find jobs in agriculture

Large numbers of settlers in the West moved back East

Mississippi River 

Erie Canal

Hudson River

Ohio River

growing cotton on Southern plantations

digging the Erie Canal in upstate New York

harvesting fruits and vegetables in California

building the western section of the Transcontinental Railroad 

It announced that the United States was ready to enter into military alliances with European powers

It expanded the influence of the United States in the Western Hemisphere

It gained rights for American merchants to harbor their ships in ports around the world

It demonstrated that Americans would not engage in actions affecting areas beyond their own borders

New laws restricted the flow of immigration from Ireland

People moved to cities to find better paid jobs

Urban residents fled the cities for the countryside

The number of factories in the countryside decreased 

Americans became more dependent on importing manufactured goods from France.

New England lost its lead in shipbuilding after the destruction of the American fleet during the war.

The settlement of the West was slowed down because of the peace settlement with England.

Northern manufacturers greatly increased their production of textiles, which could not be imported from England during the war.

the construction of roads, canals, and railroads

the expansion of the plantation system throughout the South

the removal of American Indian tribes from Georgia and Florida

the chartering of the Bank of the United States

Each helped the West to become more self-sufficient

Each reduced the cost of shipping goods between the East and West

Each reduced the need for trade with foreign nations

Each gave access to a cheaper all-water route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

national ownership of transportation and key industries

minimal government intrusion into economic affairs

high levels of state and federal taxation of private wealth

a disregard for private property rights in the interests of the state

To resolve the conflict between large and small states, Congress was given two houses 

To resolve the issue of the extension of slavery into the Louisiana Territory, a line was drawn dividing future free and slave states

To resolve the dispute between free and slave states, each slave was counted as less than one free person for purposes of both taxation and representation

To resolve the issue of the admission of California as a free state, a tougher fugitive slave law was enacted

to enable rapid change in government policy to meet emergencies

to provide ordinary citizens with a voice in their national government

to prevent any one branch of the federal government from becoming too strong

to permit states to nullify unconstitutional acts of Congress 

It defined the scope of Congressional power to regulate interstate commerce

It limited the power of the President to veto acts of Congress 

It established the right of the U.S. Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional

It placed restrictions on Congressional power under the “elastic” clause of the U.S. Constitution

To resolve the conflict between large and small states, Congress was given two houses

To resolve the problem between free and slave states, each slave was counted as threefifths for purposes of both taxation and representation

To resolve the issue of the extension of slavery into the Louisiana Territory, a line was drawn dividing future free and slave states

To resolve the issue of the admission of California as a free state, a tougher fugitive slave law was enacted. 

To resolve the conflict between large and small states, Congress was given two houses 

To resolve the issue of the extension of slavery into the Louisiana Territory, a line was drawn dividing future free and slave states

To resolve the dispute between free and slave states, each slave was counted as three-fifths of a person for purposes of both taxation and representation

To resolve the issue of the admission of California as a free state, a tougher fugitive slave law was enacted 

It signaled that American Presidents should reduce the importation of European goods. 

It cautioned American Presidents to halt the colonization of the Western Hemisphere by European powers.

It advised later American Presidents to follow a policy of neutrality in dealing with European nations.

It suggested that American leaders place restrictions on the number of immigrants entering the United States.

George Washington

Thomas Jefferson

Andrew Jackson

James Monroe

It enabled instantaneous long-distance transmission of information

It allowed manufactured goods to be produced at lower costs

It boosted the speed of cross-country mail delivery

It increased national unity by reducing sectional differences

flying shuttle

spinning jenny

cotton gin

steam engine

Made the crime rate decrease

Led to an increase in farm workers

Make the cities cleaner and safer

Led to an increase in population in the cities

farmers could plant more cotton in limited space

the need for enslaved labor decreased

the seeds of the cotton plant no longer stuck to the fibers

workers could process more cotton

Factories

Hand

Slaves

Royalty

North

South

East 

West

It enabled instantaneous long distance transmission of information.

It allowed manufactured goods to be produced at lower costs.

It boosted the speed of cross-country mail delivery. 

It increased national unity by reducing sectional differences. 

The rapid growth of cities in the Northeast

A rise in cotton exports to the United Kingdown

An increase in the cost of shipping goods to Europe

A decrease in trade between settlers and American Indians

discouraging Congress from instituting tariffs

increasing the cost of raw materials

decreasing the wages of unskilled workers

opening new markets for goods

formation of the patent system

creation of labor unions

use of mass-production techniques

eight-hour workday

People moved to cities in search of economic opportunity.

Farmers began to cultivate land west of the Appalachian mountains.

Native peoples were forcibly relocated to western territories.

Government officials began to promote the idea of manifest destiny. 

Women in unions gained bargaining power with employers.

The government passed laws to improve safety for women in the workplace.

Women seeking work migrated from rural communities to cities.

State governments called conventions in support of women's suffrage. 

Shortage of land for new farms

federally funded national roads

impact of industrialization

migration of Native American Indians

It prevented the development of industry in the Northeast.

It turned the South into a major producer of the cotton used in northern mills.

It restricted agricultural expansion in the western territories.

It increased federal dependency on tariffs for revenue.

The use of federal paper currency increased.

Agricultural imports increased.

Imports of raw materials increased.

Manufacturing increased.

Manufacturers produced goods to export overseas.

Labor unions were formed to protect mill workers.

Workers moved closer to manufacturing centers

Industrialist invested in cotton plantations. 

An opportunity for free land in the Midwest

The prospect of religious freedom

An economic boom in the West

The possibility of a free education

a civil war between protestants and Catholics

a famine caused by the failure of a staple food crop

a series of violent conflicts between the British and the Irish governments

a series of smallpox epidemics

crew members on cargo ships

cloth weavers in textile mills

staff reporters for local newspapers

legal counselors in state courts

New states were added to the Union.

The population of major cities decreased.

Support for Manifest Destiny grew stronger.

The cost to transport goods decreased