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- 1. Multiple Choice
What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cellProtein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cellDNA controls the production of protein in the cellA cell is composed of DNA and protein - 2. Multiple ChoicetRNA is involved incarrying amino acidscarrying ribosomescarrying glucosecarrying lipids
- 3. Multiple ChoiceA distal control region that activators bind to are bent to contact mediator proteins and form the transcription initiation complexenhancerspromotersrepressorstranscription factors
- 4. Multiple ChoiceCarries the genetic code to the ribosomemRNAtRNArRNADNA
- 5. Multiple ChoiceA mutation that does NOT alter the protein production is called adeletion mutationinversion mutationsilent mutationtransverse mutation
- 6. Multiple ChoiceDNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTATCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.DeletionSubstitutionInsertionInversion - 7. Multiple ChoiceIn eukaryotes, proteins that help the RNA polymerase bind to the promoter for transcriptiontranscription factorstopoisomeraseregulatory genesactivators
- 8. Multiple ChoiceThe "on/off" switch for an operon is called thepromoterrepressoroperatorgene
- 9. Multiple ChoiceHow can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?The two different cells become mutatedThe proteins expressed in each cell are differentThey actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.The genome of the different cells changes
- 10. Multiple Choice_______ is to transcription as ________ is to translation.mRNA / Amino Acid ChainAmino Acid Chain / mRNARibosome / NucleusmRNA / tRNA
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhat is occurring in this picture?TranslationReplicationTranslocationTranscription
- 12. Multiple ChoiceWhat does the inducer molecule do in an inducable operon?it binds to the repressor protein allowing transcription to occurit binds to the promoter allowing transcription to occurit binds to the operator and stops transcriptionit binds to the repressor and stops transcription
- 13. Multiple ChoiceIn the lac operon, the genes within the operon will be expressed if:lactose is absent in the cellgalactose is present in the celllactose is present in the cellglucose is absent in the cell
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of operon is the lac (lactose) operon?induciblerepressiblepositive controlpromoible
- 15. Multiple ChoiceTranscription begins at sequences calledStart CodonsPromotersOriginsIntrons
- 16. Multiple ChoiceTranslation is a process in eurkaryotic cells takes place in the:CytoplasmNucleusNucleolusGolgi Bodies
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhen the Ribosome reaches ________________ the process of translation stopsStop CodonOkazaki FragmentTerminatortaq Polymerase
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is an example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression?the addition of methyl groups to cytosine bases of DNAthe binding of transcription factors to a promoterthe removal of introns and splicing together of exonsgene amplification contributing to cancer
- 19. Multiple ChoiceThe process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure or function.cell multiplicationcell divisionmitosiscell differentiation
- 20. Multiple ChoiceWhich process is happening in this picture?TranscriptionTranslationReplication
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhy are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequenceThey insert things that an organism doesn't need.They often delete things that organisms need.Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
- 22. Multiple ChoiceGenetic variation can arise from a random change in the DNA of a gene. The change is called a(n)mutationgene flowgene poolallele
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhich sections of mRNA are cut out and discarded before the mRNA leaves the nucleus?ExonsIntronsGenesAmino acids
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhat makes up a spliceosome and what does a spliceosome do?proteins & snRNPs, cuts out DNA piecesproteins & snRNPs, cuts out exons & reconnects intronsproteins & snRNPs, cuts out introns & reconnects exonsmany nucleosomes, cuts the cheese
- 25. Multiple ChoiceWhich RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription?AUGCUUATGCTTGCATCCGCAUCC
- 26. Multiple ChoiceTranslation happens in theNucleusRibosomeChloroplastSmooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- 27. Multiple Choice
Which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence 5' AUGGUUAAA 3'?
Val, Lys, Phe, Gly
Met, Asp, Phe
Met, Val, Phe
Ile, Gln, Leu, Ser
- 28. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of frameshift mutation happens when the mRNA codes for a stop too soon?Extensive MissenseImmediate NonsenseLimited EffectSilent
- 29. Multiple ChoiceA chemical modification of DNA that does not affect the nucleotide sequence of a gene but makes that gene less likely to be expressed.methylationacetylationalternative splicingsnRPs
- 30. Multiple ChoiceWhat are 2 ways gene expression is controlled in prokaryotes?Through inducible and repressible operonsThrough introns and exonsThrough methylation and acetylationThrough enhancers and distal control elements
- 31. Multiple ChoiceDuring DNA methylationmRNA molecules are prohibited from being translateda methyl cap is added to the 5' end to prevent DNA degredationtranscription factor proteins recruit RNA polymerase initiating transcriptionchromatin becomes more tightly packed
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhat are the components of a nucleotide?nitrogen base, phosphate group, and sugarsugar, purine, and pyrimidinenitrogen base and a phosphate groupDNA, phosphate group, monosaccharide
- 33. Multiple Choice
DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides held together by ____ bonds between complimentary bases.
Covalent
Hydrogen
Ionic
Hydrophobic
- 34. Multiple ChoiceCytosine makes up 42% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?8%16%42%58%
- 35. Multiple Choice
This enzyme is capable of breaking Hydrogen bonds found between the bases of DNA
Topoisomerase
DNA Helicase
DNA Polymerase
Exonuclease
- 36. Multiple ChoiceWhich enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?TopoisomeraseDNA PolymeraseLigasePrimase
- 37. Multiple Choice
This enzyme helps helicase unzip DNA by relieving supercoiling
Topoisomerase
Exonuclease
DNA Primase
DNA Polymerase
- 38. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?helps cut DNAcount the genes in DNAseparates DNA based on sizeallows for an exact replicated organism
- 39. Multiple Choice
Operons are only found in
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
- 40. Multiple Choice
Transcribes genes.
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
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