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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhat evidence would a scientist use to determine the age of rock in a layer?index fossilsliving fossilsresin fossilstrace fossils
- 2. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the most logical conclusion about a layer of rock near the top of a canyon?The layers near the top are older than layers below.The layers near the top are younger than layers below.The top layer will have more fossils than layers below.The top layer will have less fossils than layers below.
- 3. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows rock layers taken from two different locations that may be far apart from each other.What can be concluded based on the diagram?Location 1 has terrestrial fossils, and Location 2 has aquatic fossils.The layers in Location 1 are much older than the layers in Location 2.The layers in Location 1 are younger than the layers in Location 2.Layers from both locations with similar fossils are about the same age. - 4. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram shows a section of land that has been undisturbed and includes a fossil.What can be concluded about the fossil?It is younger than the limestone.It is older than the shale.It is approximately the same age as the limestone.It is approximately the same age as the sandstone.
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhat technological process has been used by scientists to determine that the age of the Earth is about 4.5 billion years old?seismic waves to locate fossils deep in the Earth's crustradioactive dating of rocks in the Earth's crustx-rays of rocks and the Law of Superpositionelectron microscope images to study fossils
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhat initial catastrophic event is most likely responsible for the extinction of the dinosaurs?the impact of many tornadoes during a massive stormthe impact of a large asteroid or comet hitting Earth's surfacethe rise of sea levels caused by melting glaciersthe rise of mammals that became predators of dinosaurs
- 7. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram shows layers of rock that have been disturbed.Which layer of rock is the oldest?Layer A because other layers were formed in it.Layer B because it is under layers C and D.Layer D because it is the least eroded.Layer F because it is on the top.
- 8. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement can be best supported by the fossil record?Most of the organisms on Earth have not changed over time.Most life forms that existed on Earth are now extinct.Humans and dinosaurs have existed on Earth at the same time.Human have lived on Earth for most of geologic history.
- 9. Multiple ChoiceThe image shows fossils found in a section of sedimentary rock.In which layer are the oldest fossils found?Layer ALayer BLayer CLayer D
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhich is the most likely reason for specific mass extinction of living organisms?increased tilting of the Earth's axisenergy surges from the Sun's surfacethe impact of asteroids or small comets on the Earth's surfaceincreased volcanic and earthquake activity along crustal plate boundaries
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhich condition best supports fossil formation?A dead organism is eaten by scavengers and shredded.A dead organism is slowly decomposed by bacteria and insects.A dead organism is washed away in a flood and buried under rocks.A dead organism is quickly buried under mud and sand.
- 12. Multiple ChoiceIn the geologic history of the Earth, which time is characterized by the dominance of reptiles and the presence of small mammals, birds, and flowering plants?CenozoicMesozoicPaleozoicPrecambrian
- 13. Multiple ChoiceGeologists studied fossils taken from the top of a mountain. The chart lists several fossils taken from this location as well as their original habitat.What can be concluded based on the fossil evidence?The mountain climate was once much warmer than it is today.The mountain climate was once much colder than it is today.The mountain was covered by water at some point in the past.The elevation in the area was much higher at some point in the past.
- 14. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram shows rock layers taken from two different locations.The layers with the same letter are believed to be approximately the same age. What is the most likely explanation for why Layer B is missing in Location 1?It was deposited last.It eroded.It evaporated.It was dug out.
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhich explanation best describes why tropical plant fossils have been found on islands in the Arctic Ocean?Birds and insects carried seeds to the island.Seeds of plants have been carried by ocean currents.The island drifted from a tropical region to its present location.Spores of the plants were carried by air currents to the island.
- 16. Multiple ChoiceWhich explanation best describes why marine fossils have been discovered in rock layers in a desert environment?A catastrophic event occurred in the area in the past.Continental drift moved the rock layers from the coast to the desert.The area was once completely covered by water.Volcanic activity had once occurred in the area.
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhat have scientists mainly used to subdivide geologic time into different units or periods?fossil evidencecatastrophic eventsrock layersunconformities
- 18. Multiple ChoiceThe map shows Africa, South America, and the Mid-Ocean Ridge in the Atlantic Ocean. How does area C affect continental movement?new continent creationoceanic plate subductionsea floor spreadingunderwater mountain erosion
- 19. Multiple ChoiceThe fossils of the same species of lizard were collected from rock layers in two different continents. What evidence does it suggest?The two continents were in different hemispheres.The two continents were once part of a single large continent.The lizard migrated across the ocean to the other continent.The lizard evolved on two continents at the same time.
- 20. Multiple ChoiceThe scientist in the photo is removing an ice core from a metal casing (tube) in order to analyze ancient gas bubbles trapped in the ice. Which geologic law or principle best explains how scientists use ice cores to learn about Earth's past climate?law of crosscutting relationshipsprinciple of lateral continuitylaw of superpositionprinciple of inclusion
- 21. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram shows a sedimentary rock sample that contains igneous rock intrusions.Which sequence shows the age of the fossils from oldest to youngest?5, 4, 3, 2, 13, 5, 4, 2, 11, 2, 3, 4, 55, 4, 2, 1, 3
- 22. Multiple ChoiceThe time line shows the evolution of life forms during the geologic time scale.Which statement is supported by the time line?Dinosaurs became extinct 150 million years ago.Birds evolved approximately 275 million years ago.Animals started inhabiting land approximately 300 million years ago.Insects and amphibians appeared approximately 325 million years ago.
- 23. Multiple ChoiceA researcher drills a cylindrical piece of ice from a glacier in the Antarctic to analyze its composition. What might be the purpose of the researchers’ actions?to calculate the average snowfall for each year in the pastto find the kinds of plants that survive in the Antarcticto investigate past climate and atmospheric conditionsto study the minimum temperatures in which certain organisms can survive
- 24. Multiple ChoiceA geologist examines a rock outcrop obtained from a region with the rock layers labeled from 1 to 6.In what order were the rock layers likely deposited over time?1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 65, 4, 3, 2, 1, 65, 4, 3, 6, 2, 16, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
- 25. Multiple ChoiceReview the diagram showing an igneous intrusion (D) within layers of sedimentary rock.What is the relative age of the igneous intrusion?The igneous intrusion is younger than layer A.The igneous intrusion is the same age as layer C.The igneous intrusion is younger than layer E.The igneous intrusion is the same age as layer F.
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