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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhich transfer of energy occurs mainly through the process of convection?Electromagnetic energy transferred from the Sun to the moonSolar Energy transferred through space to the Earth's surfaceheated air in the lower atmosphere transferred upward by density differencesheat from radioactive decay transferred by molecular collisions to surrounding mantle rock
- 2. Multiple ChoiceThe greatest amount of energy would be gained by 1,000 grams of water when it changes fromwater vapor to liquid waterliquid water to water vaporliquid water to iceice to liquid water
- 3. Multiple ChoiceAn object that is a good radiator of electromagnetic waves is also a goodinsulator from heatreflector of heatabsorber of electromagnetic energyrefractor of electromagnetic energy
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhich process transfers energy primarily by electromagnetic waves?radiationconductionconvectiontranspiration
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhich type of land surface would probably reflect the most incoming solar radiationlight colored and smoothlight colored and roughdark colored and smoothdark colored and rough
- 6. Multiple ChoiceAll forms of electromagnetic energy havetransverse wave propertiesthe same temperaturethe same wavelengththeir own half life
- 7. Multiple ChoiceDuring which phase change of water is the most energy released into the environment?water freezingice meltingwater evaporatingwater vapor condensing
- 8. Multiple ChoicePieces of lead, copper, iron, and granite, each having a mass of 1 kilogram and a temperature of 100ºC, were removed from a container of boiling water and allowed to cool under identical conditions. Which piece most likely cooled to room temperature first?copperleadirongranite
- 9. Multiple ChoiceIf the tilt of Earth’s axis were increased from
23.5° to 30°, summers in New York State would
becomecooler, and winters would become coolercooler, and winters would become warmerwarmer, and winters would become coolerwarmer, and winters would become warm - 10. Multiple ChoiceDuring the month of January, at which location
in New York State is the Sun lowest in the sky at
solar noon?MassenaNiagara FallsUticaNew York City - 11. Multiple ChoiceWhat happens to particle movement/speed when energy is added to a phase?Particles slow downParticles go fasterParticles don't moveParticles stay the same speed
- 12. Multiple ChoiceSolid changed into a liquidFreezingCondensationMeltingEvaporation
- 13. Multiple ChoiceLiquid changed into a gasFreezingCondensationMeltingEvaporation
- 14. Multiple ChoiceGas changed into a liquidFreezingCondensationMeltingEvaporation
- 15. Multiple ChoiceLiquid changed into a solidFreezingCondensationMeltingEvaporation
- 16. Multiple ChoiceWhich two phases changes add energy?Freezing, MeltingCondensation, EvaporationFreezing, CondensationMelting, Evaporation
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich two phases changes takes away energy?Freezing, MeltingCondensation, EvaporationFreezing, CondensationMelting, Evaporation
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhat is an example of freezing?Water boilingWater turning into iceChocolate bar turning into liquid chocolateFog forming on a mirror
- 19. Multiple ChoiceWhat is an example of condensation?Water boilingWater turning into iceChocolate bar turning into liquid chocolateFog forming on a mirror
- 20. Multiple ChoiceWhat is an example of evaporation?Water boilingWater turning into iceChocolate bar turning into liquid chocolateFog forming on a mirror
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhere does the ocean get its energy to evaporate?Ice capsWaterSun
- 22. Multiple Choice
FreezingMeltingCondensationEvaporation - 23. Multiple ChoiceFreezingMeltingCondensationEvaporation
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhat is thermal energy?SpeedMovementHeatArrangement
- 25. Multiple ChoiceWhen energy is added or taken away from a substance it causes a:Chemical ReactionPhase ChangeNothing Happens
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhat happens to particle spacing when energy is added to a phase?Particles move farther apartParticles move closer togetherParticles stay the same
- 27. Multiple ChoiceWater has a specific heat of 4.18 J/gºC. Wood has a specific heat of 1.76 J/gºC. What material needs more energy to raise the temperature 1ºCWoodWaterBoth are the same
- 28. Multiple ChoiceHow does heat flow?Always from cold to warmAlways from warm to coldBoth warm to cold & cold to warmIt depends on the temperature
- 29. Multiple ChoiceThe amount of energy required to raise the temperature 1ºC for every gram is called____?Thermal EnergySpecific HeatTemperatureKinetic Energy
- 30. Multiple ChoiceThere are four cups of hot cocoa. The cup sizes are shown. The temperature of the cocoa in each cup is 25 degrees celsius. Which cup has the MOST thermal energy?Large cup (Trenta)Small cup (Tall)VentiAll three are the same temperature so they have same thermal energy
- 31. Multiple Choice5. What is it called when a solid turns directly into a gas?SublimationCondensationLiquid
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhy does water NOT change temperature during phase changes?Because the molecules of water take in all the heat to their nucleusBecause heat is not the same thing as temperatureBecause adding heat doesn't ever change the temperature of waterBecause all of the energy is used to overcome the attraction of molecules
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWhat phase of matter is illustrated in "C"solidliquidgasmelting
- 34. Multiple ChoiceWhat is labelled "B" on the graph?solidsliquidsgasesa phase change
- 35. Multiple ChoiceWhy does the graph have two flat lines at "b" and "d"?Those are times when we took the water off the hot plateThose are phase changes where temperature doesn't change while adding heatThe line is flat because the water is all in the solid or gas phaseThe line is flat because temperature increases the most at those locations
- 36. Multiple ChoiceEvidence supports the idea that increases in carbon dioxide and methane in Earth’s atmosphere are major contributors to global warming. This is based primarily on the fact that carbon dioxide and methane are excellent absorbers ofgamma wavesmicrowavesvisible lightinfrared radiation
- 37. Multiple ChoiceAn increase in which gas in Earth’s atmosphere will most significantly increase global temperatures?methaneoxygennitrogenhydrogen
- 38. Multiple ChoiceVery cold climates occur at Earth’s North and South Poles because the polar regionsare usually farthest from the Sunabsorb the greatest amount of insolationreceive the most hours of daylightreceive low-angle insolation
- 39. Multiple ChoiceDuring nighttime cooling, most of the energy radiated by Earth’s oceans into space isultraviolet raysgamma raysvisible light raysinfrared rays
- 40. Multiple ChoiceOn which day of the year would the intensity of insolation at Kingston, New York, most likely be greatest?March 21June 21September 21December 21
- 41. Multiple ChoiceLocations in the Northern Hemisphere are warmest in summer because sunlight in summer isleast intense and of shortest durationleast intense and of longest durationmost intense and of shortest durationmost intense and of longest duration
- 42. Multiple ChoiceThe primary method of energy transfer by which Earth loses energy to outer space isradiationconductionconvectiontranspiration
- 43. Multiple ChoiceThe factor that contributes most of the seasonal temperature changes during one year is the changingspeed at which the Earth travels in its orbit around the Sunangle at which the Sun’s rays strike the Earth’s surfacedistance between the Earth and the Sunenergy given off by the Sun
- 44. Multiple ChoiceWhich change would cause a decrease in the amount of insolation absorbed at Earth’s surface?A decrease in cloud coverA decrease in atmospheric transparencyAn increase in the duration of daylightAn increase in nitrogen gas
- 45. Multiple ChoiceIn New York State, the risk of sunburn is greatest between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. on summer days becauseThe air temperature is hotThe angle of insolation is highEarth's surface reflects most of the sunlightThe Sun is closest to the Earth
- 46. Multiple ChoiceWhat happens to the angle of insolation between 6 am and solar noon?it decreasesit increasesit remains the sameit increases then decreases
- 47. Multiple ChoiceWhat factor has the greatest influence on the number of daylight hours a particular location receives?latitudelongitudediameter of the Sundistance from the Sun
- 48. Multiple ChoiceHow do clouds affect the temperature at Earth's surface?Clouds block sunlight during the day and prevent heat from escaping from nightClouds block sunlight during the day and allow heat to escape at nightClouds allow sunlight during the day and prevent heat from escaping from nightClouds allow sunlight during the day and allow heat to escape at night
- 49. Multiple ChoiceWhich group of substances is arranged in order of decreasing specific heat values?Iron, granite, basaltCopper, lead, irondry air, water vapor, iceOption 3 (optional)Liquid water, ice, water vapor
- 50. Multiple ChoicePositions 1, 2, and 3 in the diagram below represent the noon Sun above the horizon on three different days during the year, as viewed from Binghamton, New York. At which position was the noon Sun on January 21, as viewed from Binghamton?Above position 1Below position 3Between position 1 and position 2Between position 2 and position 3
- 51. Multiple ChoiceEqual areas of which surface will absorb the most insolation?Partially melted snowfieldBlacktop parking lotWhite sand beachLake surface
- 52. Multiple ChoiceWhich change in seasons occurs in the Northern Hemisphere at position D?Winter is ending and spring is beginning.Spring is ending and summer is beginning.Summer is ending and fall is beginning.Fall is ending and winter is beginning.
- 53. Multiple ChoiceDuring the course of the day, which location had the greatest intensity of insolation at solar noon?ABCD
- 54. Multiple ChoiceBased on the Sun’s apparent path, where is location D?equatorTropic of CancerTropic of CapricornNorth Pole
- 55. Multiple ChoiceEqual areas of which type of surface will reflect the most insolation?light gray rooftop Option 1*dark tropical forestsnow-covered fieldblack paved road
- 56. Multiple ChoiceWhich diagram best represents how greenhouse gases in our atmosphere trap heat energy?1234
- 57. Multiple ChoiceWhat day of the year is represented by the image shown?Dec 21Mar 21Jun 21Sept 21
- 58. Multiple ChoiceWhat day of the year is represented by the image shown?Dec 21Mar 21Jun 21Sept 21
- 59. Multiple ChoiceWhat day of the year is represented by the image shown?Dec 21Mar 21Jun 21Sept 21
- 60. Multiple ChoiceWhat day of the year is represented by the image shown?Dec 21Mar 21Jun 21Oct 21
- 61. Multiple ChoiceWhat line of latitude gets a direct angle of insolation on the date shown?Arctic Circle (66.5°N)Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N)Equator (0°)Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
- 62. Multiple ChoiceWhat line of latitude gets a direct angle of insolation on the date shown?Arctic Circle (66.5°N)Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N)Equator (0°)Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
- 63. Multiple ChoiceWhat line of latitude gets a direct angle of insolation on the date shown?Arctic Circle (66.5°N)Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N)Equator (0°)Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
- 64. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the duration of insolation at the Arctic Circle on the day shown?24 hours18 hours12 hours0 hours
- 65. Multiple Choice1. What is essential for conduction to allow energy to be transferred?a) Must be made of metalb) Must be touchingc) Must be wetd) Must be a liquid or a gas
- 66. Multiple Choice2. A metal bar is heated at one end. What can be said about the particles inside the bar?a) Particles vibrate more at the cold end than the hot end and energy is transferred away from the heat source.b) Particles vibrate more at the hot end than the cold end and energy is transferred away from the heat source.c) Particles vibrate more at the cold end than the hot end and energy is transferred towards the heat source.d) Particles vibrate more at the hot end than the cold end and energy is transferred towards from the heat source.
- 67. Multiple Choice4. Which state of matter is the least efficient at transferring energy through conduction?a) Solidb) Liquidc) Gasd) All are very similar
- 68. Multiple Choice9. Which of the following is an example of conduction?a) A radiator warming a roomb) Feeling warmth of the suns raysc) Touching iced) Proximity to an object of exactly the same temperature.
- 69. Multiple ChoiceA group of friends gather around a fire to stay warm.conductionconvectionradiation
- 70. Multiple ChoiceMittens help keep your hands warm in winter because:They are conductors of heat.They are fuzzy.They are conductors of electrical energy.They are insulators.
- 71. Multiple ChoiceThe Law of Conservation of Energy states:Energy can created or destroyed but not transformedEnergy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only transformedEnergy can't be created, destroyed or transformed
- 72. Multiple ChoiceThe baby chickens are kept warm from the heat lamps demonstrates this type of heat transfer.conductionconvectionradiation
- 73. Multiple ChoiceWhich has the SHORTEST wavelength and, therefore, the highest frequency/most energyRadio wavesUltraviolet RaysGamma RaysX-rays
- 74. Multiple ChoiceWhich section of the spectrum is the ONLY one we can see?X-raysVisible LightGamma RaysUltraviolet Rays
- 75. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following electromagnetic waves is given off as heat?Radio WavesInfrared RaysVisible LightGamma Rays
- 76. Multiple ChoiceThe _______________ determines the color of visible light.wavelengthspeedamplitudelight
- 77. Multiple ChoiceHow are electromagnetic waves different from other waves?They have very short wavelengthsThey transmit energy instead of matterThey can travel through a vacuumThey can change direction by reflection
- 78. Multiple ChoiceAll electromagnetic waves have the same...frequencyspeedwavelengthenergy
- 79. Multiple Choice
which of the following does NOT belong in the electromagnetic spectrum:
X-ray
sound wave
ultra violet rays
microwaves
- 80. Multiple ChoiceWhich waves are the type that can give us suntans and sunburns?Infrared radiationUltraviolet radiationRadio wavesX-rays
- 81. Multiple ChoiceElectromagnetic waves________________travel through space.NeverCannotCanWish they could
- 82. Multiple Choice_______ carry the greatest amount of energy.x-raysgamma raysinfrared raysvisible light
- 83. Multiple ChoiceWhat absorbs ultraviolet rays in the atmosphere?tropospherestratosphereozone layergreenhouse gases
- 84. Multiple ChoiceWhat does this diagram illustrate?Ozone LayerThe Greenhouse EffectUltraviolet RadiationLayers of the atmosphere
- 85. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram represents solar energy that is absorbed by Earth's land and water surfaces and is changed into heat that radiates back into the atmosphere.What is this process called?ozoneradiationgreenhouse effectevaporation
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