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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhich Process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?electron transportglycolysisthe citric acid cycleoxidative phosphorylation
- 2. Multiple ChoiceDuring cellular respiration, acetyl CoA accumulates in which location?Mitochondrial Matrixmitochondrial outer membranemitochondrial inner membranemitochondrial intermembrane space
- 3. Multiple ChoiceDuring aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence?food � citric acid cycle � ATP � NAD+food � NADH � electron transport chain � oxygenglucose � pyruvate � ATP � oxygenglucose � ATP � electron transport chain � NADH
- 4. Multiple ChoiceThe primary role of oxygen in cellular respiration is toyield energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the respiratory chain.act as an acceptor for electrons and hydrogen, forming water.combine with carbon, forming CO2.combine with lactate, forming pyruvate.
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?glycolysis and fermentationcitric acid cyclefermentation and chemiosmosisoxidative phosphorylation
- 6. Multiple ChoiceThe ATP made during fermentation is generated by which of the following?the electron transport chainsubstrate�level phosphorylationchemiosmosisoxidative phosphorylation
- 7. Multiple ChoiceIn the absence of oxygen, yeast cells can obtain energy by fermentation, resulting in the production ofATP, CO2, and ethanol (ethyl alcohol).ATP, CO2, and lactate.ATP, NADH, and pyruvate.ATP, pyruvate, and oxygen.
- 8. Multiple ChoiceEven though plants carry on photosynthesis, plant cells still use their mitochondria for oxidation of pyruvate. When and where will this occur?in photosynthetic cells in the light, while photosynthesis occurs concurrentlyin nonphotosynthesizing cells onlyin cells that are storing glucose onlyin all cells all the time
- 9. Multiple ChoiceWhat carbon sources can yeast cells metabolize to make ATP from ADP under anaerobic conditions?glucoseethanolpyruvatelactic acid
- 10. Multiple ChoiceYeast cells that have defective mitochondria incapable of respiration will be able to grow by catabolizing which of the following carbon sources for energy?glucoseproteinsfatty acidsglucose, proteins, and fatty acids
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following most accurately describes what happens to the electron carriers at the ETC?Chemiosmosis is coupled with electron transfer.Each electron carrier alternates between being reduced and being oxidized.ATP is generated at each step.Energy of the electrons increases at each step.
- 12. Multiple ChoiceWhat happens at the end of the ETC to be able to form water?2 electrons combine with a proton and a molecule of NAD+.2 electrons combine with a molecule of oxygen and two hydrogen atoms.4 electrons combine with a molecule of oxygen and 4 protons.4 electrons combine with four hydrogen and two oxygen atoms.
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhen electrons flow along the electron transport chains of mitochondria, which of the following changes occurs?The pH of the matrix increases.ATP synthase pumps protons by active transport.The electrons gain free energy.The cytochromes phosphorylate ADP to form ATP.
- 14. Multiple ChoiceMost CO2 from catabolism is released duringglycolysis.the citric acid cycle.lactate fermentation.electron transport.
- 15. Multiple ChoiceIf photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 containing heavy oxygen (18O), later analysis will show that all of the following molecules produced by the algae contain 18O exceptglucose3�phosphoglycerate.glyceraldehyde 3�phosphate (G3P).O2
- 16. Multiple ChoiceHalobacterium has a photosynthetic membrane that is colored purple. Its photosynthetic action spectrum is exactly complementary (opposite to) the action spectrum for green plants. What wavelengths of light do the Halobacterium photosynthetic pigments absorb?red and yellowblue and redblue, green, and redgreen and yellow
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement describes the functioning of photosystem II?Light energy excites electrons in the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain.Photons are passed along to a reaction�center chlorophyll.The P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of protons to NADP+, which is thus converted to NADPH.The electron vacancies in P680+ are filled by electrons derived from water.
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhat are the products of linear electron flow?heat and fluorescenceATP and P700ATP and NADPHP700 and P680
- 19. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?Respiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse.Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, whereas respiration releases it.Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals.ATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration.
- 20. Multiple ChoiceReduction of oxygen to form water occurs duringphotosynthesis only.respiration only.both photosynthesis and respiration.neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceThe accumulation of free oxygen in Earth's atmosphere beganwith the origin of life and respiratory metabolism.with the origin of photosynthetic bacteria that had photosystem I.with the origin of cyanobacteria that had both photosystem I and photosystem II.with the origin of chloroplasts in photosynthetic eukaryotic algae.
- 22. Multiple ChoiceWhat did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?Bacteria released excess carbon dioxide in these areas.Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light.Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released.Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment.Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs.Only heterotrophs have mitochondria.
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?carbon fixationoxidation of NADPHrelease of oxygenregeneration of the CO2 acceptor
- 25. Multiple ChoiceIn mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar tosubstrate�level phosphorylation in glycolysis.oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration.the Calvin cycle.carbon fixation.
- 26. Multiple ChoiceOxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration includes which of the following:calvin cycle, glycolysisglycolysis, citric acid cycleETC, chemiosmosisglycolysis, calvin cycle
- 27. Multiple ChoiceWhen NADH becomes NAD+ it isoxidizedreduced
- 28. Multiple ChoiceWhat molecule is the final electron acceptor in cellular respiration?H2OO2GlucoseATP
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the purpose of ATP synthase?to act as a protein channel and generate ATP by pumping H+to restart cellular respirationin place of Rubiscoto break down ATP
- 30. Multiple ChoiceIn chemiosmosis which way do the protons get pumped through ATP synthase in photosynthesis?into the thylakoid spaceinto the stromainto the mitochondrial matrixinto the intermembrane space
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