Q. What is the DEPENDENT variable (effect) is this experiment?
"Does eating breakfast improve test score?" 

Q. What is the INDEPENDENT  variable (cause) is this experiment? 
"Which type of medium is best for plant growth?" 

Q. What is the DEPENDENT variable (effect) in this experiment?
"Do tall people jump further than short people?"

Q. What is the INDEPENDENT variable (cause)in this experiment?
"Which type of metal, copper or aluminum, conducts heat faster?" 

Q. Bonnie wants to test whether adding Bio-fertilizer 'x' will help plant grow. What is the "controlled group" in this experiment?

Q. Which variable is NOT a constant in this experiment?
"Is Bounty paper towel more absorbent than sparkle paper towel?

Q. What is the INDEPENDENT variable (cause) in this experiment?
"Will fish school more if a predator is present?" 

Q. Which variable is NOT a constant in this experiment?
"What type of medium do earthworms prefer?"

Q. A test company wants to see whether having a special study program such as SAT prep will help increase test score. What is the "experimental group" in this experiment?

Q. Janet wants to see whether drinking coffee will improve productivity. What is the INDEPENDENT variable in this experiment (cause)?