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- 1. Multiple Choice
How does a large body of water usually affect weather conditions on nearby land?
It causes the weather to be dryer in the winter
It causes the weather to be colder in the winter
It causes the weather to be warmer in the winter
it causes the weather to be less severe in the winter
- 2. Multiple Choice
Which best explains what type of weather the Gulf Stream usually brings to North Carolina?
increased wind speed
increased air pressure
increased temperature
increased evaporation
- 3. Multiple Choice
What guides the cold arctic air that enters North Carolina in the winter months?
jet stream
trade winds
subtropical air mass
maritime polar air mass
- 4. Multiple Choice
Global winds over the United States blow in which direction?
east to west
north to south
south to west
west to east
- 5. Multiple Choice
Global atmospheric patterns are responsible for most local weather. Which causes these patterns to exist?
mountain ranges
greenhouse gases
holes in the ozone layer
unequal heating of the Earth
- 6. Multiple Choice
Which explains the high precipitation levels in areas near the equator?
The equator has very little wind, which causes rain-filled clouds to remain still for longer periods of time
The equator has stronger winds that cause clouds filled with precipitation to burst, resulting in precipitation
At the equator, warmer conditions create an increase in evaporation. Evaporation leads to more precipitation.
At the equator, warmer conditions create a decrease in evaporation. Less evaporation leads to more precipitation.
- 7. Multiple Choice
Why do air temperatures vary over bodies of water and land masses?
because water can hold more heat than land
because water receives more sunlight than land
because winds move faster over land than over water
because water temperatures are colder than land temperatures
- 8. Multiple Choice
How does the Gulf Stream impact hurricane development off the coast of the southeastern United States?
Colder water from the Gulf Stream increases the speed and intensity of the hurricane.
Colder water from the Gulf Stream decreases the speed and intensity of the hurricane.
Warmer water from the Gulf Stream increases the speed and intensity of the hurricane.
Warmer water from the Gulf Stream decreases the speed and intensity of the hurricane.
- 9. Multiple Choice
Where do hurricanes form?
in the ocean near warm areas
in the ocean near cold areas
in large lakes near cold areas
in small lakes near warm areas
- 10. Multiple Choice
Why do hurricanes die out soon after hitting landfall?
Cloud types change.
Warm water no longer give them energy.
The storm rotation changes.
The storm surge floods the coast.
- 11. Multiple Choice
The diagram shows the movement of air. Which factor is most responsible for the movement of the air shown?
uneven heating of the air
imbalance in organisms breathing the air
sunlight getting blocked by the land
different levels of liquid in the air
- 12. Multiple Choice
Which weather pattern most influences the weather in North Carolina?
polar easterlies
tropical easterlies
tropical westerlies
prevailing westerlies
- 13. Multiple Choice
Which best describes how winds in the jet stream blow?
no pattern
between two boundaries of hot air
between two boundaries of cold air
between a boundary of cold air and a boundary of hot air
- 14. Multiple Choice
Examine the graphic. Which country would Great Britain’s climate be most like if the Gulf Stream and the Labrador Current did not exist?
Brazil
Canada
Australia
Argentina
- 15. Multiple Choice
Which lists some effects of El Niño?
warmer temperatures and more rain
warmer temperatures and less rain
cooler temperatures and less rain
cooler temperatures and more rain
- 16. Multiple Choice
Which of these actions causes wind?
rotation of Earth on its axis
movement of air from water to land
uneven heating of Earth’s surface
air passing Earth as it revolves around the Sun
- 17. Multiple Choice
States that are in the _______ usually experience a particular weather system before states that are in the _______.
west; east
east; west
north; south
south; north
- 18. Multiple Choice
The picture is a map of part of the United States. Over the course of a few days, Nevada, Arizona, California, and New Mexico were all hit by the same storm system.
Based on the general pattern of weather in the U.S., which state was most likely hit by the storm first?
New Mexico
California
Arizona
Nevada
- 19. Multiple Choice
Sarah lives beside the ocean in Eureka, California. Her penpal, Ruby, lives in Redding, California, which is located inland.
As a school project one year, Sarah and Ruby decide to collect local climate data and compare the average monthly high and low temperatures from their cities. The data they collect are shown below.
Based on the climate data that Sarah and Ruby collect, they can conclude that:
locations by the ocean typically do not get as cold in the winter or as hot in the summer as locations that are located inland.
locations by the ocean typically get much colder in the winter and much hotter in the summer than locations that are located inland.
locations by the ocean typically get much less precipitation during the winter than locations that are located inland.
locations by the ocean typically get much less precipitation during the summer than locations that are located inland.
- 20. Multiple Choice
The following image shows two jet streams in the northern hemisphere. The polar jet stream carries cold air. The subtropical jet stream carries warm air.
In the summer, the polar jet stream is usually north of the United States. In the winter, the polar jet moves down, often past the place marked with an "X".
How will the weather at point X change as the polar jet moves from north of it to south of it?
it will get warmer
it will get cooler
the winds will change direction
the weather will stay the same
- 21. Multiple Choice
The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current that flows around the tip of Florida and up along the eastern coastline of the United States. This ocean current warms the surrounding land and air along most of the eastern coastline during the cooler months of the year.
The map below shows the Gulf Stream (in red) as it flows along the coastline and meets the Labrador Current, which is a cold current that flows south from the Arctic.
Which city is the last to experience warming as the Gulf Stream flows north?
New York
Jacksonville
Savannah
Miami
- 22. Multiple Choice
In La Niña conditions, air and surface water temperatures in the equatorial Pacific Ocean are
warmer than normal, and global climate patterns are identical to those of El Niño conditions.
colder than normal, and global climate patterns are opposite those of El Niño conditions.
warmer than normal, and global climate patterns are opposite those of El Niño conditions.
warmer than normal, and global climate patterns are opposite those of El Niño conditions.
- 23. Multiple Choice
The map shows the continental United States. Weather patterns in the United States generally move in predictable ways.
If the state of Nebraska has a heat wave, which state would most likely feel the same heat wave within the next day or two?
Texas
Indiana
Utah
North Dakota
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