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Biology
10th
grade
Natural Selection, Evolution, Classification, & Plants
20 questions
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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhich kingdoms contain only unicellular organisms?Archeaebacteria and ProtistaEubacteria and ProtistaArcheaebacteria and EubacteriaEubacteria and Fungi
- 2. Multiple ChoiceTwo methods of reproduction in organisms are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. In terms of natural selection, what is the main advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?Sexual reproduction increases the likelihood that all offspring produced will be genetically identical.Sexual reproduction generally produces offspring more quickly and requires less energy than asexual reproduction.Unlike asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction introduces genetic variation into a population.Sexual reproduction guarantees that all of an organism’s offspring will receive an inheritable genetic mutation.
- 3. Multiple ChoiceSome organisms, such as turtles and fish, produce very large numbers of offspring. Why is producing a large number of offspring important for natural selection?It minimizes genetic variation by increasing the number of individuals that are genetically identical.It helps to ensure that enough individuals will survive and become adults that will reproduce to continue the species.It helps to reduce the population sizes of other species by increasing competition for limited resources within an environment.It provides the offspring protection from predators because most predators will not attack large numbers of offspring.
- 4. Multiple ChoiceBiogeography is the study of the location of organisms around the world. Which of the following best explains how biogeography can provide evidence for evolution?It shows that organisms have structures that serve no purpose but that resemble structural roles in related organisms.It shows that there are similarities and differences among the DNA of different species.It shows that organisms have changed gradually over millions of years.It shows that some organisms that are unrelated have developed similar adaptations to similar environments.
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhich best explains how the fossil record supports the theory of evolution?It provides evidence for how genetic variation in organisms is determined by independent assortment.It explains the impact that humans have had on the evolution of organisms on Earth.It shows how the types and distribution of organisms on Earth have changed over time.It proves that some organisms developed behaviors that helped them to survive.
- 6. Multiple ChoiceAccording to fossil records, the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker and slower than modern horses. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have led to the increased size, strength, and speed in horses?commensalisminbreedingmigrationevolution by natural selection
- 7. Multiple ChoiceGenetic drift results in a change in the gene pool of a population, and can be described as a mechanism of evolution. How does genetic drift change a population's gene pool?Individuals develop adaptations and pass them on to their offspring.It causes random changes in allele frequencies in small populations.Individuals at one end of a population growth curve have higher fitness.It causes mutations in the DNA, which lead to a difference in the survival ability of organisms.
- 8. Multiple ChoiceWhich kingdoms have photosynthetic organisms?fungi and plantsfungi and protistsprotists and plantsplants and animals
- 9. Multiple ChoiceAnimals are heterotrophic, meaning that they participate in food chains and get energy from consuming organic compounds. Which other biological kingdom is made up entirely of heterotrophic organisms?bacteriaplantsfungiprotists
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhich types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?prokaryotic and aerobicprokaryotic and anaerobiceukaryotic and aerobiceukaryotic and anaerobic
- 11. Multiple ChoiceOver time, the climate of an island became drier, which resulted in changes to the populations of various island finch species. Finch populations with a certain beak shape thrived, while those not having that beak shape decreased. Which of the following describes a necessary condition for these changes in the finch populations to occur?fewer mutationslimited food resourceslimited beak variationsoverproduction of offspring
- 12. Multiple ChoiceA small population of chimpanzees lives in a habitat that undergoes no changes for a long period. How will genetic drift probably affect this population?It will accelerate the appearance of new traits.It will promote the survival of chimpanzees with beneficial traits.It will increase the number of alleles for specific traits.It will reduce genetic diversity.
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following best illustrates natural selection?An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.A population monopolizes all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate.A community whose members work together utilizing all existing resources and migratory routes.The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities.
- 14. Multiple ChoicePlant cells that are specialized for cell division are most likely found in what part of the plant?root tipsleaf epidermisstem epidermisvascular tissue
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the main purpose of seeds in plants that have them?To entice animals to eat the plant.To protect and distribute the zygote.To be fertilized by other plants.To store water for the mother plant.
- 16. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the main function of a flower?Transport mineralsReproductionPhotosynthesisTo look good
- 17. Multiple ChoiceDiatoms are one of the most common types of phytoplankton in marine habitats.
Like plants, diatoms contain chlorophyll and produce glucose from which of the
following?O 2 and ATPCO 2 and O 2ATP and H 2 OCO 2 and H 2 O - 18. Multiple ChoiceMost plants have hair-like cells called trichomes that project from the surface and
help the plants in many ways. In some plants trichomes secrete toxic substances
that most likely perform which function?Absorb carbon dioxideProtect against herbivorous insectsReflect light off leavesReduce water loss from evaporation - 19. Multiple ChoiceStructures represented in the illustration below are found in the lower epidermis of a plant leaf. The illustration at right shows the response to a certain environmental condition. The response represented in the illustration would most likely be caused by —a reduced supply of oxygen.long periods of rainfall.high concentrations of glucose.little available water.
- 20. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram shows the reproductive system of a plant. Which of the following best describes the interaction that occurs between a plant’s reproductive parts during self-fertilization?Pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. A pollen tube forms and grows through the style. The pollen tube reaches the filament, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.Pollen moves from the ovule up through the style and is released from the stigma. The pollen is transferred to the anther, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.Pollen is released from the anther and is transferred to the stigma. A pollen tube forms and grows through the style. The pollen tube reaches an ovule within the ovary, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.Pollen is released from the stigma and is transferred to the anther. A pollen tube grows down from the anther through the filament and fuses with the ovule, where the sperm fertilizes the egg.
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