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- 1. Multiple ChoiceImmigrants who arrived between 1880 and 1900 settled in cities along the East Coast becausefactory jobs were available in the Eastmost immigrants came from cities in Europecity laws protected immigrantslittle farm land was available for settlement in the Mid West
- 2. Multiple ChoiceThe Jungle by Upton Sinclair describes filthy work conditions and the sale of diseased animal products in cities duringpre-industrializationindustrializationthe Great DepressionWorld war 1
- 3. Multiple ChoiceDuring the Industrial Revolution, urbanization led to which of the following problems regarding living conditions?Sanitationwater quality controltenementsAll of the above
- 4. Multiple ChoiceDue to the large surplus of unskilled workers during the Industrial Revolution, factory owners were able to take advantage of workers in what way?no minimum wage requirementno maximum daily working hoursno benefits or health careAll of the above
- 5. Multiple ChoiceBefore factory reform movements, which of the following portrays typical conditions for factory workers during the industrialization?low minimum wage requirements and no job security for workersno safety regulations for machines and 8 hour maximum work daysno safety regulations for machines and no job security for workerslow minimum wage requirements and 8 hours maximum work days
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following was typical of living conditions in cities during the industrialization?infestation and diseaseovercrowdingliving in unsafe poorly constructed buildingsAll of the above
- 7. Multiple ChoiceUpton Sinclair's The Jungle affected the American public bywinning people over to socialismraising the issue of poor working conditionsshowing unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industryrevealing the poor conditions of immigrants
- 8. Multiple Choicewhich statement MOST accurately illustrates a negative effect of industrialization in the 19th century United States?the safety of workers was often ignored by business ownerscongress has passed a series of labor laws to protect the right of workersantitrust laws were passed in an attempt to curb the powers of monopoliesfederal government had initiated a number of welfare programs to aid the poor
- 9. Multiple Choice"De-vyled" ham was made out of the waste ends of smoked beef that were too small to be sliced by the machines; and also tripe, dyed with chemicals so that it would not show white; and trimmings of hams and corned beef; and potatoes, skins and all; and finally the hard cartilaginous gullets of beef, after the tongues had been cut out. All this ingenious mixture was ground up and flavored with spices to make it taste like something.
- Upton Sinclair's The Jungle
Which action did the federal government take in response to the situation depicted in the excerpt?It led to the passage of the Meat Inspection Act.It led to the publication of Lincoln Steffen's Shame of the CitiesIt led to the development of worker's compensation lawsIt led to the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act - 10. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement BEST describes the conditions of urban factory workers in the early 20th century United States?The safety of women workers gained national attention as a result of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fireImmigrant workers received high wages because supply of laborers was limitedCongress passed a series of anti-trust laws to forbid corporations to hire undocumented workersAfrican-American workers were forced to return to the Deep South as jobs became scarce in the cities
- 11. Multiple ChoiceUpton Sinclair wrote a controversial book called The Jungle in 1906. What was the subject of this book?It was about excessive deforestation of the Amazon junglesIt was about filthy conditions in the Chicago meat packing industryIt was about the jungle-like politics of the city of ChicagoIt was about clear cutting of jungle-like pine forest in Oregon
- 12. Multiple ChoiceThe industrial mass production of the automobile by Henry Ford had effects on living and working conditions of millions. What negative effect has the industrialization of transport had?The use of fossil fuel to power growing numbers of automobiles has contributed to global warmingThe assembly line method of production pioneered by Ford was often inhumane and unhealthfulThe combustion products of automotive fuels have been a primary cause of air pollutionAll of the above
- 13. Multiple ChoiceDuring the Industrial Revolution, factory workers could be consideredslowskilledunskilledwealthy
- 14. Multiple Choicewith the growth of cities linked by industry and trade, many people in rural areas migrated to the cities to findbetter-paying jobs and modern conveniencesfriends and familybetter living conditions and modern conveniencescloser to family and better living conditions
- 15. Multiple ChoiceThe Industrial Revolution changed the landscape of cities witha decrease in steel supplythe development of cleaner living conditionsa decrease in immigrant populationthe development of factories
- 16. Multiple ChoiceDuring the three decades following the Civil War, the United States transformed rapidly from a rural nation to aless populated nationmore urban nationlee urban nationmore rural nation
- 17. Multiple ChoiceDuring the Industrial Revolution, the developers of cities often divided up neighborhoods byrace, gender, classpoor, middle class, upper classrace, ethnicity, classethnicity, class, gender
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWith the growing population of cities during the Industrial Revolution, wealthy people and working class peoplelived in different parts of the citylived in the same part of the citylived together in the same buildings with the wealthy living above the poorlived on the outskirts of the city
- 19. Multiple ChoiceIn the late 19th Century, Chinese immigrants settled mainly in the ________ cities of the United States, where they worked as laborers or servantsnorthernsoutherneasternwestern
- 20. Multiple ChoiceDuring the Industrial Revolution, immigrants flooded the cities and wereforced to live together in one part of the citysent home due to over populationsegregated by ethnicityforced to live below the wealthy
- 21. Multiple ChoiceDuring the Industrial Revolution, the landscape of the United States changed with theincrease of immigrantsincrease in emigrationdecrease in development of citiesgrowth of the new cities
- 22. Multiple ChoiceIn the early 1860's which major railroad dramatically changed the U.S. landscape by beginning construction of its portion of the transcontinental railroad?Central Pacific RailroadCanadian Atlantic RailroadCentral Atlantic RailroadSouthern Pacific Railroad
- 23. Multiple ChoiceThe landscape changed in the United States with the growth of new cities and in 1840, the U.S. had 131 cities. How many cities did it have by the year 1900?2573589701,700
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhich area of the country showed the FASTEST industrial growth rate at the beginning of the American Industrialization period?the West Coastthe East Coastthe Souththe MIdwest
- 25. Multiple ChoiceIn the early 1800's, 70% of the European immigrants arrive through what U.S. city?New OrleansSan FranciscoClevelandNew York City
- 26. Multiple ChoiceAs the industrialization of the United Sates proceeded, industrial needs linked states together, as states had different resources available. What was the great industrial cities?the Great Lakesthe stagecoachthe railroadsthe Ford Model T
- 27. Multiple ChoiceIn the early 20th Century, the Americanization movement forced ethnic groups primarily from _____ to assimilate to American speech, ideals, traditions, and ways of life.Latin and South AmericaSouth East Asian countriesEastern and Southern European countriesMiddle Eastern countries
- 28. Multiple ChoiceDuring the time of the Americanization movement, grammar schools emphasized courses inhigher education for allcultural diversitybi-lingual educationEnglish literacy and American history
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhich belief, associated with the frontier experience, led many Americans to firmly believe they could face challenges, survive adversity, and ultimately control their destiny?Social DarwinismRealismRugged IndividualismPopular Culture
- 30. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following concerns did immigrants have for their descendants during the process of Americanization?segregation from other ethnicitieshaving to live a life of crimebeing taken out of their homethe loss of their own culture
- 31. Multiple ChoiceThe political machines affected politics in which of the following ways?They helped immigrants become naturalizedThey mobilized the immigrant voteThey discriminated against immigrants for positions of powerBoth A and B
- 32. Multiple ChoiceProgressives helped to clean up American politics by getting rid of which of the following?LobbyistsPolitical bossesCorrupt political partiesTwo-party system
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is true regarding the political machines during the 1800’s?They often used fraud to win electionsThey did not control the police forcesThe political bosses never used their power for the greater goodAll of the above
- 34. Multiple ChoiceIn the early 20th century, immigrants needed housing and jobs. Political machines in the big cities provided them. How did the immigrants pay for this?They paid with their votesThey paid with kickbacks to the machine bossThey paid by buying machine-sponsored productsThey paid “protection” once a week
- 35. Multiple ChoiceBy the 1920s, the corruption of the political machines, especially Boss Tweed’s notorious Tammany Hall, had become too obvious for the middle class to ignore. What was the result of this?A federal law disbanded all political machines in 1920A federal law made vote buying a capital offenseIndividuals who believed in democracy started reform movements, ushering in the Progressive eraAs radio became widespread, the political machines were heavily criticized by Sunday evangelist
- 36. Multiple ChoiceThe political machines was an informal political group that was designed toReform the factories machines during the Industrial revolutionEliminate government positionsExpand the postal serviceGain and keep power
- 37. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following would be considered a reason for the creation of the political machines?Cities had grown too large and much faster than their governmentWealthy investors began to lose money in the stock marketThere was a need for wealthy politiciansFactories were being closed and cities were down sizing
- 38. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following groups of people overwhelmingly voted for the political machines?Factory ownersImmigrantsWhite collar workersSenators
- 39. Multiple ChoicePolitical machines offered new city dwellers which of the following?JobsFoodProtectionAll of the above
- 40. Multiple ChoiceA _______ is a small group of business people who manage companies in a unified way and effectively eliminate the competition.monopolytrustcorporationL.L.C
- 41. Multiple ChoiceIn 1890, Congress passed the _____. This law banned businesses from controlling the market by forming monopolies and trustsNational Securities ActAnti-Monopoly Act of 1980Sherman Anti-Trust ActStandard Oil Act
- 42. Multiple ChoiceMany industry leaders employed the practice of buying out the competition in an attempt to control the market. This strategy is called_____.horizontal integrationvertical integrationcorporate downsizingdiversification
- 43. Multiple ChoiceAndrew Carnegie attempted to control the steel industry by buying out his supplier's coal fields, iron mines, freight lines and railways. Owning multiple steps in the manufacturing process is called_______.horizontal integrationvertical integrationcorporate de-regulationdiversification
- 44. Multiple ChoiceEmphasizing the value of competition, captains of industry argued that it benefited the marketplace because only the most efficient and excellent companies would survive. This is an example of the belief in_______.Laissez-faireSocial DarwinismFree Market economyControlled market
- 45. Multiple ChoiceSocial Darwinism asserts that _____wealth is a sign of virtue and superioritypoverty is a sign of laziness and inferioritypoverty is a sign of modesty and holinessBoth A and B
- 46. Multiple ChoiceAfter buying out Carnegie Steel in 1901, J.P. Morgan created the first billion dollar company by forming_____the J.P Morgan Steel TrustNorthern Securities CompanyU.S. SteelStandard Oil Trust
- 47. Multiple ChoiceWhat was the MAIN purpose of the trusts that were formed in the late 19th century?to lower consumer pricesto increase factory productionto educate the labor forceto eliminate business competition
- 48. Multiple ChoiceJohn D. Rockefeller was one of the great industrialists of the 19th and 20th centuries. Through mergers and buy-outs, formed of the largest trusts in the United States. What was the name of this trust?U.S. STeelAramcoBank of AmericaStandard Oil
- 49. Multiple ChoiceIn 1872,______ absorbed 22 of the 26 competing oil refineries in Cleveland, OH.Standard Oil CompanyOhio Oil CompanyRockefeller OilMobil Oil
- 50. Multiple ChoiceIn 1901,_____ created the largest business at the time when his holding company, _______ , acquired Carnegie Steel.John D. Rockefeller; Standard OilJ. P. Morgan; U.S. SteelJohn D. Rockefeller; U.S. SteelLeland Stanford; Central Pacific Railroad
- 51. Multiple ChoiceIn 1911, the Supreme Court held that ____ used illegal monopoly practices according to the Sherman Antitrust Act, and would therefore have to be broken up into 34 smaller companies.U.S. SteelCentral Pacific RailroadStandard Oil TrustRockefeller Holding Company
- 52. Multiple ChoiceJohn D. Rockefeller was able to corner the oil market and reap large profits by _____.paying his employees extremely low wagesabsorbing much of his competion into his trustselling his oil below costall of the above
- 53. Multiple ChoiceOil became a major factor in America's Industrial growth after Edwin Drake ____ in 1859successfully used a steam engine to drill for oilfound oil on his property in Texasfounded Standard Oildistilled kerosene from Oil
- 54. Multiple ChoiceMore than any other invention, the development of ________led to increased and industrial growth in the United StatesThe steam enginerailroadskerosceneelectric lighting
- 55. Multiple ChoiceThe immense U.S. industrial boom, in the early Twentieth Century, could be attributed to ______.a growing urban populationan abundance of natural resourcesgovernment support for businessesall of the above
- 56. Multiple ChoiceIndustrialization in America took a huge leap forward in 1880 when _______ developed a system for producing and distributing electrical powerGeorge WestinghouseNikola TeslaThomas EdisonThomas Watson
- 57. Multiple ChoiceLarge-scale immigration from Asia and European countries to the United States meant ________ for industrializationexpensive laborinexpensive laborslow developmentnothing
- 58. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following industrial developments launched the United States as a major industrial power by sharpening the techniques and skills that managers needed to run other large businesses?telephonesrailroadslabor unionselectric lights
- 59. Multiple ChoiceIn 1853, the United States asserted itself as a world power in international trade by opening trade with ______, which had closed its doors to nearly all Western traders for more than two centuries.ChinaKoreaFormosaJapan
- 60. Multiple ChoiceAn American inventor created the Bessemer process, making it possible for the United States to be one of the world's major producers of _____, which had become an important commodity in the industrial era.Steelbronzesugargold
- 61. Multiple ChoiceIndustry first flourished following which war?Revolutionary warWorld War 1world war 2civil war
- 62. Multiple ChoiceOne of the reasons the United States emerged as an industrial power was the new readily available natural resource operations located in the_________NorthSouthWestEast
- 63. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following was responsible for the United States to industrialize rapidly by giving industry a large work force?immigrationemigrationhealth insurancelabor unions
- 64. Multiple ChoiceSocial Darwinists believed that________it was the government's responsibility to help the poorthe wealthy have a responsibility to support responsible charitiessuccess or failure in business was a natural process and should be left alonesuccess or failure in businesses was determined by government regulation
- 65. Multiple ChoiceHow were Social Darwinism and the Social Gospel similar?Both were designed to examine and explain the human condition and pose possible solutionsboth philosophies dealt with how the human condition could be improved with faithboth Social Darwinists and followers of the Social Gospel agreed that capitalism was inherently wrongThey shared nothing in common and dealt with two completely different subjects
- 66. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the major fundamental difference between Social Darwinism and the Social Gospel?Social Darwinims sought to use social science to solve problems, while the Social Gospel relied on the divine to take action.Social Darwinism applied natural law to explain society, while the Social Gospel applied religious principles to solve societal problemsSocial Darwinism relied on the ability of man to overcome his problems, while the Social Gospel relied on divine guidancenone of the above
- 67. Multiple ChoiceHow was Billy Sunday an innovator and supporter of the Social Gospel?He was a major religious revival leader who used tent revivals and was among the first to use radio to reach national audiencesHe was a major newspaper publisher with high circulations nationwideHe was an ealry broadcaster who used television to reach his audienceHe used the established structure of the catholic church to spread his message
- 68. Multiple ChoiceThe political programs of the Populist party left some lasting effects. Which of the following is such an effect?the federal income taxthe directs election of the U.S. senatorsthe secret ballotall of the above
- 69. Multiple ChoiceAround 1890, members of the Kansas Alliance formed a group called the People's party, also known as the _______.PopulistFarmers AllegianceRailroad AllianceUnion Bank
- 70. Multiple ChoiceWhat role did the "muckrakers" play in the Progressive Movement in the ealry 20th century?Muckrakers wrote about the success government was having in regulating big businessMuckrakers wrote extensively about corporate abuses, race relations, and problems in governmentMuckrakers wrote of the need for an updated and fully modern militaryMuckrakers wrote about the various successes of foreign diplomacy and the growing positive
- 71. Multiple ChoiceHow did Jane Addams and the social settlement movement encourage progressive reform on a local level in the late 19th century?Settlement houses often were the only social services that the urban poor had access to.The social settlement movement organized and endorsed political campaigns of progressivesit helped mobilize women to take a more active role in their communities and politicsall of the above
- 72. Multiple ChoiceWhat was one of the progressive reform successes in government in 1913?the passage of the 17th amendment, which allowed for direct election of U.S. senators by the peoplethe total abolishment of the federal reserve systemthe complete nationalization of the U.S. rail system to combat big business corruptionthe establishment of the electoral college system for presidential elections
- 73. Multiple ChoiceWhat was a long -term reform success of the Progressive Movement on a state level?the elimination or regulation of child labor in factoriesthe reformation of labor rights for women, including pay and a reduction in work hoursan end to piecework done in tenement buildings after the Triangle Fire in New York in 1911All of the above
- 74. Multiple ChoiceWhich president was the first and greatest supporter of the Progressive MovementFranklin D. RooseveltTheodore RooseveltCalvin CoolidgeHarry Truman
- 75. Multiple ChoiceThe Eighteenth Amendment was passed under the Progressives. What reform was put in place by this amendment?women's suffragechild laborthe pure food and drug actprohibition of alcoholic beverages
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