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Biology
11thgrade
AP Bio Review: Cell Transport, Signaling, and Intro Genetics
34 questions
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- 1. Multiple ChoiceThe picture is an example of...active tranportpassive transportdiffusionosmosis
- 2. Multiple ChoiceHydrophobic region of the cell membrane?EBCA
- 3. Multiple ChoiceWhen cells are placed in a __________ solution they begin to swell.HypertonicIsotonicHypotonicEqualized
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhich form of active transport is being shown? (Inside of the cell is tan colored)Facilitated DiffusionExocytosisEndocytosisReceptor-mediated endocytosis
- 5. Multiple ChoiceThe difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another is calleddiffusionosmosisconcentration gradientpassive transport
- 6. Multiple ChoiceIf you looked at red blood cells under a microscope and saw the blood cells lysed (exploded), what would you say happened?The cells were placed in a hypotonic solution.the solution was isotonic.The solution was hypertonic.The cells are undergoing exocytosis
- 7. Multiple ChoiceWhat role do protein kinases serve?remove phosphate groups to deactivate enzymesinactivate cAMP to AMPadd phosphate groups to activate enzyme'sactivate G proteins
- 8. Multiple ChoiceWhich is not a part of a signal transduction pathway?responsetranscriptiontransductionreceptor
- 9. Multiple ChoiceEpinephrine (also known as adrenaline or adrenalin) is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. The model for the action of Epinephrine is shown below.
Which of the following molecules act as a second messenger in the cascade by which epinephrine stimulates the activation of the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase?AdenosineAdenylyl cyclaseCitric acidCyclic AMP - 10. Multiple ChoiceSignal amplification is most often achieved byan enzyme cascadebinding of multiple signalsbranching pathwaysaction of adenylyl cyclase
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhat is a phosphorylation cascade?travelling of hormones through the airtravelling of hormones through the bloodthe removal of a phosphatea series of molecules that get phosphorylated
- 12. Multiple Choicewhen an individual produces gametes, the two copies of the gene separate, so that each gamete receives only one copylaw of independent assortmentlaw of segregationlaw of conservation of masslaw of conservation of energy
- 13. Multiple ChoiceIn peas, the trait for tall plants is dominant (T) and the trait for short plants is recessive (t). The trait for yellow seeds is dominant (Y) and the trait for green seeds is recessive (y).
A cross between two plants results in 292 tall, yellow plants and 103 short, green plants. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?TtYY x TtyyTTYy x TTYyTTyy x TTYyTtYy x TtYy - 14. Multiple ChoiceIf a stem cell has 24 chromosomes, how many will it have at the end of meiosis?24126the number varies per species
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhen does crossing over occur?InterphaseProphase 1Prophase 2Metaphase 1
- 16. Multiple ChoiceOne of the main reasons genes assort independently of one another is thatthey produce unrelated traitsthey produce related traitsthey are on the same chromosomethey are on different chromosomes
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following best describes meiosis?It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacementIt occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organismIt happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cordIt is the first stage of mitosis
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhich statement correctly describes meiosis?cells divide only oncemeiosis does not occur in reproductive cellsthe cells produced at the end of meiosis are genetically identical to the parent cellThe cells produced at the end of meiosis contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell
- 19. Multiple Choice_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.Cell MembraneNucleusMitochondriaCytoplasm
- 20. Multiple ChoiceHuman immune cells can engulf bacteria to destroy them. This is an example ofpinocytosisphagocytosisexocytosisacidosis
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of transport is this?DiffusionOsmosisFacilitated DiffusionActive Transport
- 22. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of transport is this?EndocytosisFacilitated DiffusionActive Transport PumpOsmosis
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of solution is this cell in?IsotonicHypertonicHypotonicdiffused
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhat type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?gated ion channelG-protein receptortyrosine kinase receptor
- 25. Multiple ChoiceNeurotransmitters are used in _____ signaling.synapticparacrinejuxtacrineendocrine
- 26. Multiple ChoiceThe 3 steps of signal transduction in order arereception, transduction, responseresponse, transduction, receptionreception, response, transductiontransduction, reception, response
- 27. Multiple ChoiceA signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is aligandsecond messengerprotein kinasereceptor protein
- 28. Multiple ChoiceWhat do second messengers do?transport a signal through the lipid bilayerrelay a signal from the outside to the inside of the cellrelay message from the inside of the mebrane throughout the cytoplasmdampen the message
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhat genotype is missing from this Punnett Square?RrYyRRYYrryyRrYY
- 30. Multiple ChoiceCrossing over is important because....It prevents mutations from entering the gametes.It allows for even distribution of chromosomes in the gametes.It allows for more genetic diversity of gametes.It allows for genetic uniformity of gametes.
- 31. Multiple ChoiceWhich processes DOES NOT increase genetic variation as part of sexual reproduction?Crossing overIndependent assortment (due to random orientationGene mutationRandom fertilization
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhat does this picture show?2 chromosomes1 chromosome that has been replicated1 unreplicated chromosomeA homologous pair of chromosomes
- 33. Multiple ChoiceOne of two paired chromosomes, one from each parent. Each chromosome has the same length, centromere positiion, and contains the same type of inherited genes.homologous chromosomeschromatidscentromerecentrosome
- 34. Multiple ChoiceA cell’s DNA has become damaged beyond repair, the cell undergoes which of the following processes?cytokinesissignal transduction pathwaysexocytosisapoptosis
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