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- 1. Multiple ChoiceA somatic cell contains _______________Half the number of chromosomes coming from one parenta complete set of chromosomes coming from both parents
- 2. Multiple ChoiceStem cells can be obtained fromembryossome adult tissuesumbilical cord bloodall of the above
- 3. Multiple ChoiceWhat does "pluripotent" mean?able to divide and make many different types of cellsnot able to dividecan only divide and make one cell typeif it divides, it will make a cancerous tumor
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhat do stem cells have to do with clones?Stem cells can divide and differentiate and grow into a cloneClones can be grown from stem cellsBoth choices are correctNone of these choices are correct
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhat are iPS cells, and what do they mean to stem cell research?Induced purpose stem cells, mean embryo cells were made into adult-like cellsInduced purpose stem cells, mean adult cells were reversed to baby cellsInduced pluripotent stem cells, mean adult cells were made into embryo-like cellsInduced pluripotent stem cells, mean cells were totipotent and are now pluripotent
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the difference between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells?Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than adult stem cellsAdult stem cells are pluripotent, just like embryonic stem cellsAdult stem cells can differentiate into more cell types than embryonic stem cellsAdult stem cells grow bigger than embryonic stem cells
- 7. Multiple ChoiceiPS stem cells are derived from ....Embryonic SCIVF embryosBlastocystsAdult somatic cells
- 8. Multiple ChoiceWhich stem cells have the most potency?MultipotentPluripotentTotipotentUnipotent
- 9. Multiple ChoiceAdult stem cells can also be referred to assomatic stem cellsembryonic stem cellsstarter cellsIPS cells
- 10. Multiple Choicescientists can reprogram skin cells to act like stem cellstruefalse
- 11. Multiple Choiceneural stem cells from the brain can differentiate into which types of cellonly specialized brain cellsspecialized brain cells and specialized skin cellsall types of specialized cellsonly specialized blood cells
- 12. Multiple Choicestem cells are defined asa cell that has the ability to divide only once and stay the same as other kinds of cellsA cell that has the ability to continuously divide and differentiate into various other kinds of cells/tissuesany cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cellsa cell that contains a nucleus surrounded by a membrane and whose DNA is bound together by proteins
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhat process best explains how muscle cells and nerve cells can develop from the same fertilized egg?genetic engineeringsurvival of the fittestdifferentiationselective breeding
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhich best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart.Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells.Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells.A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells.
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following terms describes the egg?oocytezygoteblastocystsomatic
- 16. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following terms describes a "hollow ball" of about 150 cells which have not yet decided what they will be?oocytezygoteblastocystsomatic
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is NOT TRUE about somatic cells?They have a complete set of chromosomesThey have chromosomes which come in pairsSkin cells and liver cells would be examplesSperm cells and egg cells would be examples
- 18. Multiple ChoiceA blastocyst has a _______________ which will become placenta and an ______________________ which will become the rest of the embryo.inner cell mass; trophoblasttrophoblast; artificial twinningtrophoblast; inner cell masssomatic cell; enucleated oocyte
- 19. Multiple ChoiceWhen an "oocyte is enucleated" . . .a skin cell is fused with an egga nucleus is removed from a somatic cella nucleus is removed from an oocytea sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell
- 20. Multiple ChoiceSCNT stands for . . .Somatic Cell Nuclear TransferSomatic Cell Natural TranscriptionSomatic Cell Nerve TransferSkin Cell Nuclear Translation
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhen a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated oocyte during SCNT, the combined cells must be fertilized so that they begin mitosis.TRUE - a.k.a. "sure, why not"FALSE - somatic cells are enucleated NOT oocytesFALSE - the combined cells must begin meiosis NOT mitosisFALSE - the combined cells must be shocked to begin mitosis
- 22. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following terms describes the potential of zygotes?TotipotentPluripotentMultipotentOmnipotent
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following terms describes the potential of the inner mass cells from the blastocyst?TotipotentPluripotentMultipotentOmnipotent
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhy are bone marrow cells a good example of adult stem cells?They aren't. Bone marrow cells are embryonic stem cells.Bone marrow cells are multipotent and can only become red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.Bone marrow cells have the potential to become every type of cell in the body.Bone marrow cells are only found in humans 18 and over.
- 25. Multiple ChoiceCells which have decided what type they are going to be are called . . .Adult Stem cellsdifferentiatedundifferentiatedpluripotent
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is TRUE about reproductive and therapeutic cloning?Reproductive involves SCNT whereas therapeutic involves artificial twinningNeither involves destroying a blastocystBoth involve SCNT up to the blastocyst stageReproductive cloning produces embryonic stem cells while therapeutic cloning produces adult stem cells.
- 27. Multiple Choiceembryonic stem cells can differentiate into what kinds of cellsonly cells of the brainsonly specialized blood cellsonly cells derived from tissuesall types of specialized cells in the body
- 28. Multiple Choice
what is the role of stem cells in the bodyfight against infectionprovide specialized roles in the bodyused for fertility treatmentthey produce new specialized cells in the body to replace old cells that are used up - 29. Multiple Choicewhat are adult stem cells?differentiated cell, thought to be found among other differentiated cells in a tissue or organundifferentiated cell, found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organthey are the same as embryonic stem cellsundifferentiated cell, found among other differentiated cells in an organism
- 30. Multiple Choicea blastocyst isa type of stem cella very early stage embryopart of the blood systema type of brain cell
- 31. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is NOT a source for stem cells?umbilical cord bloodearly embryossperm and eggscertain adult tissues
- 32. Multiple ChoiceStem cells arecells that grow uncontrollablyundifferentiated and can be any type of cellnever go through cell divisiononly found in embryos
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following terms describes the fertilized egg?oocytezygoteblastocystsomatic
- 34. Multiple ChoiceAll our cells, except sex cells like eggs or sperm, have ___________ DNAdifferentsimilarexactly the samehalf the amount of
- 35. Multiple ChoiceIn what way is the DNA of a nerve cell different from the DNA of a muscle cell?The DNA is the same but each cell contains different genesThe DNA is the same but different genes are turned on in each cellEach cell has its own unique DNAThe DNA is different, but each cell contains the same genes
- 36. Multiple ChoiceA somatic cell is...any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.The reproductive cells of an organism.an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organismone or more layers of densely packed cells
- 37. Multiple ChoiceA germ cell or gamete is...any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.The reproductive cells of an organism.an undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organismone or more layers of densely packed cells
- 38. Multiple ChoiceHow do stem cells know what type of cells to differentiate into?The nucleus has instructions to turn some genes on and some genes offSignals from chemicals in the organism or from the environment determine which genes will be turned on and offGenes turn on and off randomlyThe cell has unique DNA that determines what the cell will become.
- 39. Multiple ChoiceThe diagram shows the process of cell specialization from a single stem cell. Which of the following statements is true about the process of specialization.Specilized cells (blood, skin, nervous etc) cannot be produced from a single stem cellSpecilized cells are produced immediately following fertilizationEven though all the cells in an organism come from one single cell, they can specialize into different cell typesSincce all the cells in an organism come from one single cell, they must all have the same structure and function
- 40. Multiple ChoiceWhich is NOT an example of cell differentiation?Bone marrow cells are used to repair damage to heart tissuesA fertilized egg to cell developed into an embryoA leaf cell divides as a plant leaf growsStemm cells from bone marrow develop into blood cells
- 41. Multiple ChoiceDeveloping stage of a multicellular organismCellEmbryoCubBaby
- 42. Multiple ChoiceProcess in which cells become specialized in structure and functionDefinitionDistinctionTarnationDifferentiation
- 43. Multiple ChoiceCells that are able to develop into any type of cell found in the bodyTotipotentPlant CellPluripotentEmbryonic cell
- 44. Multiple ChoiceCells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell typesPluripotentDeveloping cellOmnipotentTotipotent
- 45. Multiple ChoiceHemoglobin is a protein that carries Oxygen to all of the parts in the body. What type of specialized cell would be expressing the hemoglobin gene (DNA)?skin cellnerve cellmuscle cellred blood cell
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