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- 1. Multiple ChoiceDuring the colonial era, the northern colonies’ economy depended mainly on fishing and lumber, the middle colonies’ economy depended mainly on growing cash crops and the southern colonies’ economy mainly depended on large plantations.
Which of the following features of the economy would most likely be associated with the northern colonies?steam-powered machineryslave laborshipbuildingtobacco farming - 2. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt below to answer the question.
The European merchant, as well as the Americans, will fly across our continent straight
to China. The rich commerce of Asia will flow through our centre. And where has that
commerce ever flowed without carrying wealth and dominion with it?
—Senator Thomas Hart Benton, 1849
Senator Benton’s argument supported what aspect of American life prior to the Civil War?expansion into western landsIndian removal in the Southremoving restrictions on the spread of slaveryfederal printing of paper money - 3. Multiple ChoiceUse the table below to answer the question.
Immigration Statistics, 1821–1860 Country of Origin Immigration Totals Ireland 1,953,000 German States 1,546,000 Great Britain 792,000 France 207,000
What was one result of the arrival of large numbers of immigrants during the 19th century?Businesses had access to large pools of cheap labor.Rural areas saw dramatic population growth.The government initiated strict immigration quotas.The number of slaves began to decline in the South. - 4. Multiple ChoiceAlthough the Supreme Court ruled against the state of Georgia in Worcester v. Georgia, why were the Cherokee relocated to the Indian Territory?Georgia landowners seized their land and forced them to migrate westwardState representatives refused to enforce the Supreme Court ruling.The federal government forced them out under the Indian Removal Act.They sold their land to Georgia developers to escape persecution.
- 5. Multiple ChoiceDuring the 1840s, a famine led to increased immigration to the U.S. from which country?ChinaIrelandRussiaMexico
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhat aspect of southern life allowed for the spread of cotton farming in the region during the early 19th century?the availability of slave laborthe development of state-owned irrigation projectsthe development of widespread public transportationthe growth of foreign investments in the states
- 7. Multiple ChoiceWhat argument was used by those in the United States who opposed the use of protective tariffs in the 1800s?The use of protective tariffs was unconstitutional.Tariffs made it more expensive to use slave labor.Tariffs benefitted manufacturers but not farmers.The use of tariffs reduced the price of manufactured goods.
- 8. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt below to answer the question.
Should its [the National Bank’s] influence become concentered [concentrated] . . . in the hands of a self-elected directory whose interests are identified with those of the foreign stockholders, will there not be cause to tremble for the purity of our elections in peace and for the independence of our country in war? —Andrew Jackson, Veto of the Bank of the United States Recharter Bill, 1832
Based upon the quote, what was one reason President Andrew Jackson opposed the existence of the National Bank?He argued that the bank’s power might inflict harm on the country.He believed that the bank limited economic growth in the northern states.He saw the bank as an extension of British politics into the new nation.He determined that the bank enabled the expansion of slavery in the South. - 9. Multiple ChoiceUse the list to answer the question that follows.
British Legislation in North America, 1764–1765 • Sugar Act, 1764
• Quartering Act, 1765
• Stamp Act, 1765
What was the purpose of these measures?to promote trade between the colonies and other European countriesto penalize the colonists for acts of rebellion committed against British ruleto raise revenue needed for improving roads and building canals in the coloniesto get colonists to pay some of the costs resulting from the French and Indian War - 10. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt below to answer the question that follows.
The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are
few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous
and indefinite. The former will be exercised principally on external objects, as war,
peace, negotiation, and foreign commerce . . . . The powers reserved to the several
states will extend to all the objects which, in the ordinary course of affairs, concern
the lives, liberties, and properties of the people, and the internal order, improvement
and prosperity of the State.
—James Madison, The Federalist Papers, No. 45, January 1788
James Madison would most likely agree with which statement?The Constitution takes away too much power from the state governments.The Constitution gives most of the power over foreign policy to the states.The Constitution leaves the powers of the federal and state governments unclear.The Constitution divides power fairly between the federal and state governments. - 11. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question.
• Gold is discovered at Sutter’s Mill, 1848.
• Mexico cedes territory to the United States at the end of the Mexican War in 1848.
• The California population increases dramatically by 1850.
• California achieves statehood in 1850.
What conclusion can be drawn from the information regarding the statehood of California in 1850?The spread of slavery into California made it difficult to negotiate for its statehood.The state was forced to go through a long period as a recognized U.S. territory.The United States went to war with Britain to retain control of the gold in California.The gold rush accelerated the process for California to become a state. - 12. Multiple ChoiceUse the quote below to answer the question.
That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any state or designated part of a state, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free . . .
—Emancipation Proclamation, 1863
What aspect of the Emancipation Proclamation caused some to believe it was more focused on protecting the Union rather than freeing slaves?It did not go into effect until after the end of the Civil War.It allowed the border states to maintain ownership of their slaves.It was promoted without any support from Republican lawmakers.It forced freed slaves to remain in the southern states. - 13. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt below to answer the question.
Providence had given to the American people a great and glorious mission
to perform, even that of extending the blessings of Christianity and civil
and religious liberty over the whole North American continent.
—James Buchanan
The ideas expressed by President Buchanan are most closely associated with what term?Roosevelt CorollaryManifest DestinyGood NeighborMoral Diplomacy - 14. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows.
The American Republicans of the city and county of Philadelphia, who are determined to support the NATIVE AMERICANS in their Constitutional Rights of peaceably assembling to express their opinions on any questions of Public Policy, and to SUSTAIN THEM AGAINST THE ASSAULTS OF ALIENS AND FOREIGNERS are requested to assemble on MONDAY AFTERNOON, May 6th, 1844 . . . to express their indignation at the outrage on Friday evening last, which was perpetrated by the Irish Catholics, in tearing and trampling under their feet the American Flag, to take the necessary steps to prevent a repetition of it.
—From The Full Particulars of the Late Riots, with a View of the Burning of the Catholic Churches, St. Michaels & St. Augustines, 1844
What best describes the group that published this appeal?They were opposed to hiring practices in factoriesThey wanted to protect civil liberties for everyone.They disliked the new immigrants settling in their city.They were protesting efforts to allow slavery in their state. - 15. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows.
NONE BUT AMERICANS FOR OFFICE Such is one of the planks of our platform . . . . America, we take it, is the land of Americans. It is theirs. Its offices, its destiny, its genius, its laws, institutions, should all be in their hands and keeping. Not an office in this whole land should be filled by any but Americans. There is a full supply. They are capable. They are intelligent, patriotic and all that. Then where is the logic, justice, even decency, of permitting foreigners to hold these places.
—The Know-Nothing: and American Crusader, July 29, 1854
What viewpoint is expressed in this excerpt?nativistsuffragistabolitionisttranscendentalist - 16. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows.
[T]he property, peace, and security of no section are to be in any wise [way]
endangered by the now incoming administration. I add, too, that all the protection
which, consistently with the Constitution and the laws, can be given, will be
cheerfully given to all the States when lawfully demanded, for whatever cause—as
cheerfully to one section as to another.
—Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address, 1861
This excerpt expresses Abraham Lincoln’s support for what principle?nullificationemancipationthe rule of lawthe right to secede - 17. Multiple ChoiceUse the list below to answer the question that follows.
Legislation of the
Radical Reconstruction Congress
• Civil Rights Act of 1866
• Reconstruction Act of 1867
• Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
• Fourteenth Amendment
What was the main purpose of this legislation?to make it easy for former states of the Confederacy to rejoin the Unionto ensure that former states of the Confederacy protected rights of all citizensto pass measures that would satisfy Southern demands for stronger states’ rightsto weaken Southern influence by accepting some Western territories as new states - 18. Multiple ChoiceThe decision in the Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison established the power of the courts topass lawsenforce laws.interpret laws.revise laws.
- 19. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows.
I hold that, in contemplation of universal law and of the Constitution, the
Union of these States is perpetual . . . . It follows . . . that no State upon its own
mere motion can lawfully get out of the Union; that resolves and ordinances to
that effect are legally void; and that acts of violence, within any State or States,
against the authority of the United States, are insurrectionary or revolutionary,
according to circumstances.
—Abraham Lincoln, First Inaugural Address, 1861
In this excerpt, Abraham Lincoln expressed his opposition to what argument made by many Southerners?States had the right to secede from the Union.The federal government had supported slave rebellions.A convention should be held to rewrite the Constitution.Supreme Court decisions supporting nullification should be upheld. - 20. Multiple ChoiceThe Judiciary Act of 1789 laid out the federal court system and created the position of attorney general. Which statement best explains what this act accomplished?It guaranteed the rights of people accused of crimes.It defined the responsibilities of courts at different levels.It established the judicial branch of the federal government.It abolished state courts and replaced them with federal courts.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt below to answer the question.
I consider, then, the power to annul a law of the United States, assumed by
one State, incompatible with the existence of the Union, contradicted expressly
by the letter of the Constitution, unauthorized by its spirit, inconsistent with
every principle on which It was founded, and destructive of the great object for
which it was formed.
—Andrew Jackson, Proclamation Regarding Nullification, 1832
How did President Jackson’s response to South Carolina’s attempt to nullify the Tariff of 1832 show differences in their views regarding the Union?Jackson argued that state attempts to nullify the tariff were unconstitutional.Jackson recognized that states had the right to nullify federal laws.Jackson repealed the tariffs in the South because he agreed they hurt southern manufacturing.Jackson refused to enforce the tariffs because he believed Congress exceeded its power. - 22. Multiple ChoiceWhich action best describes the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?forming alliances that avoid conflicts among rival European powersestablishing permanent colonial settlements in distant countriesintervening to prevent European involvement in regional affairsoffering aid to developing countries experiencing economic hardships
- 23. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows.
The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests, which to us have none, or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate [entangle] ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes [fluctuations] of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities.
—George Washington, Farewell Address, 1796
Which statement best explains why George Washington proposed this foreign policy position?Involvement in other countries’ affairs could draw the U.S. into wars.He wanted the U.S. to take over the European colonies in Latin America.The U.S. was forced to choose sides in a war between two of its military allies.He believed that the U.S. could help to negotiate an end to the war among Europeans. - 24. Multiple ChoiceHow did the War of 1812 affect the economy of the United States?More people turned to farming because the war disrupted overseas trade.Manufacturing increased because British goods were no longer imported.The destruction of factories caused by the fighting resulted in a slow recovery.Labor costs increased due to shortages of workers who went to fight in the war.
- 25. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows.
Sometime during the spring or summer a firm in a neighboring city consigned to a merchant of Clarksville a considerable quantity of salt . . . . [T]he consignees . . . proceeded to re-ship the very scarce and necessary article in question, and succeeded in sending off by the train . . . fifty sacks. There still remained sixty-nine sacks, and Mr. Henry Wood, the President of the Roanoke Valley Railroad, positively interdicted [prohibited] its transportation over his road. The reasons by which he was governed were that there was no supply of salt in Clarksville to meet the necessities of the people, and that, when once in the city market, it could never be gotten out of the hands of speculators at any price, if the object is . . . to monopolize the pork-packing business, and thus compel the country people to submit to enormous prices for bacon during the coming year. —The Richmond [Virginia] Times Dispatch, November 12, 1861
This excerpt describes an effort to prevent what practice?union organizationwartime profiteeringa foreign trade embargoprotectionist tariff policies - 26. Multiple ChoiceWhat was one major consequence of Alexander Hamilton’s financial plan for the new nation?It established a permanent trading partnership with the British.It contributed to an economic depression after the Revolutionary War.It led to further division between the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties.It created an economic system that favored southern farmers over New England merchants
- 27. Multiple ChoiceIn 1832, a convention in South Carolina issued an “Ordinance of Nullification” in reaction against tariffs enacted by the United States Congress. What principle did advocates of nullification use to support their cause?due processstates’ rightsjudicial reviewseparate but equal
- 28. Multiple ChoiceEarly American settlements such as New York and Jamestown needed trade in order to survive. Which type of land feature attracted these settlements?lakesmountainsriversplains
- 29. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question.
• Little Italy
• Chinatown
• Little Germany
The names of the communities listed above are indications of what trend in the United States during the 19th century?the government’s establishment of neighborhoods for new immigrantsthe preference of new immigrants to live near members of their ethnic groupbusiness attempts to establish company towns specifically for new immigrantsthe attempt to resettle immigrants outside of large urban areas - 30. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows.
Hence I came to Trenton Ferry, where I met with no small Mortification upon hearing that my Relations were Quakers . . . . I was Sorry to hear it, for I was Exceedingly prejudiced against these People . . . . I Repented my Coming and had a mind to have turned back. At Last I Concluded to go & see them since I was so far on my journey, but Expected little Comfort from my Visit . . . . —I went from Trenton to Philadelphia by Water, thence to my Uncle’s on Horseback, where I met with very kind reception . . . . I had not been there three Hours before . . . my opinion began to alter with respect to these People.
—Elizabeth Ashbridge, Some Account of the Fore Part of the Life of Elizabeth Ashbridge, 1755
Which statement best explains how the experience described in this passage affected Elizabeth Ashbridge?Traveling to different colonies helped her to develop an identity as an American.Interacting with people of different ethnic groups influenced her views on equality.Experiencing religious diversity in colonial society led her to become more tolerant.Meeting people opposed to British policies strengthened her appreciation for liberty. - Answer choicesTagsAnswer choicesTags