AP Biology Unit 1 Test Review

1.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

What do elements with atomic numbers 6, 14, and 22 have in common?

same number of electrons

same atomic mass

a)same valence and will form the same number of covalent bonds

all of the above

2.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Water is a polar molecule because of the
presence of ___________ bonds.

ionic

covalent

polar covalent

hydrogen

3.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Living systems differ from non living systems in that

living systems are composed largely of unusual elements

living systems are composed largely of elements with (high) atomic mass

living systems contain large percentages ( greater than 10%) of nine elements

living systems combine simple elements in unique combinations

4.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

The force of the chemical bond (the attraction between the different elements)

is an electrical attraction

is a unique chemical attraction

results from the sharing of electrons

results from atoms filling their outermost valence shell

5.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

The four emergent properties of water that are important for life:

cohesion, expansion upon freezing, high heat of evaporation, and capillarity

cohesion, moderation of temperature, expansion upon freezing, and solvent properties

moderation of temperature, solvent properties, high surface tension, and capillarity

heat of vaporization, high specific heat, high surface tension, and

6.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Which of the following explains what is happening when sodium is disolved in water

more hydrogen bonds are forming between water molecules

sodium and chloride atoms are separating from one another

hydration shells are forming around sodium and chloride ions

covalent bonds are breaking and reforming

7.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

A calorie is defined as:

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree F

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C

the amount of energy released by metabolism of one gram of glucose

the amount of energy contained in one gram of fat

8.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

In humans, blood pH is around 7.4, and a decrease in blood pH to 6.4 would be fatal. A drop by 1 pH unit represents which of these?

1/10 as many hydrogen ions

1/7 as many hydrogen ions

twice as many hydrogen ions in the solution

1/2 as many hydrogen ions in the solution

9.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

What functional group is commonly used in cells to transfer energy from one organic molecule to another?

carboxyl

sulfhydryl

hydroxyl

phosphate

10.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

How many isomers can you make from the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆?

1

2

4

more than 6

11.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Which polysaccharide has the greatest number of branches?

cellulose

chitin

amylose

glycogen

12.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Why are human enzymes that digest starch unable to digest cellulose?

Cellulose is made of amino-containing sugars that cannot be metabolized.

Cellulose contains L-glucose instead of D-glucose; starch-digesting enzymes are specific for polymers of D-glucose.

Cellulose has beta-glycosidic linkages; starch-digesting enzymes cleave only alpha-glycosidic linkages.

Cellulose has beta-galactoside linkages that only bacterial beta-galactosidases can cleave.

13.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Compared to a carbon atom with only single covalent bonds, a carbon with a double bond

a)Shares fewer electron pairs with other atoms

a)Is more flexible in the spatial arrangement of its bonds

Has a planar configuration of its electron orbitals rather than a tetrahedral configuration

Is more polar

14.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

All lipids

are made from glycerol and fatty acids.

contain nitrogen.

have low energy content.

do not dissolve well in water.

15.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Which type of biological polymer has the least diversity in physicochemical properties and structure?

polysaccharides

polypeptides

DNA

RNA

16.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Compared to tropical fish, arctic fish oils have

more unsaturated fatty acids.

more cholesterol.

fewer unsaturated fatty acids.

more trans-unsaturated fatty acids.

17.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

Sickle-cell disease is caused by a mutation in the beta-hemoglobin gene that changes a charged amino acid, glutamic acid, to valine, a hydrophobic amino acid. Where in the protein would you expect to find glutamic acid?

on the exterior surface of the protein

in the interior of the protein, away from water

at the active site, binding oxygen

at the heme-binding site

18.

Multiple Choice

30 sec

1 pt

How does RNA differ from DNA?

DNA encodes hereditary information; RNA does not

DNA forms duplexes; RNA does not.

DNA contains thymine; RNA contains uracil.

all of the above

19.

Multiple Choice

45 sec

1 pt

Ceviche is prepared by marinating fresh raw fish in citrus juice for several hours, until the flesh becomes opaque and firm, as if cooked. How does citrus juice render the seafood safe to eat?

Acidic pH denatures (unfolds and inactivates) proteins by disrupting their hydrogen bonds.

Citrus juice denatures proteins by disrupting their ionic bonds.

Citrus juice contains enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds to break apart proteins.

Citrus juice dissolves cell membranes by disrupting hydrophobic interactions.

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