"To His Excellency William McKinley, President... of the United States... We, the undersigned, native Hawaiian citizens... who are members of the Hawaiian Patriotic League of the Hawaiian Islands, and others who are in sympathy with the said League, earnestly protest against the ... [addition] of the said Hawaiian Islands to the said United States of America in any form or shape." -Petition, 1897
What were these Hawaiian citizens protesting?
The colonization of the islands by political refugees from the United States
The forced annexation of the islands as a U.S. territory after the overthrowing of the Hawaiian monarchy
The classification of teh islands as a protectorate after the Hawaiian government signed a treaty with the United States
The granting of U.S. statehood to the islands after they were purchased from the Hawaiian monarch