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- 1. Multiple ChoiceA job advertisement includes the statement “We are an equal opportunity employer.” Which of these best explains what the employer wishes to accomplish?help people who are trying to get their first jobsprovide on the job training for unskilled workersassist people who have been out of worktreat applicants fairly
- 2. Multiple ChoiceMaryland law requires that an individual must wear a helmet when riding on, or driving a motorcycle. What is the purpose of this law?to decrease the sale of motorcyclesto prevent crashes involving motor cyclesto protect motorcycle riders from possible injuriesto increase the sale of protective gear for motorcycle riders
- 3. Multiple ChoiceIn 2005, the U.S. Department of Agriculture introduced a new version of its food guide. The chart contains recommendations for daily food choices and physical activity.
Why would the government take the actions described above?to protect the environmentto promote better healthto provide assistance to the elderlyto encourage business competition - 4. Multiple ChoiceA treaty signed by the President of the United States must be approved by two-thirds of the Senate before it can go into effect.
Which principle of government does this reflect?federalismjudicial reviewchecks and balancespopular sovereignty - 5. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these Maryland courts has authority most similar to the United States Supreme Court?Circuit CourtDistrict CourtCourt of AppealsCourt of Special Appeals
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these is most often a feature of countries with traditional economies?The economy is dependent on continued technological advancesThe economy is controlled by a strong central authorityThe government ensures that wealth is evenly distributed among citizensThe government values usual occupational roles over economic growth
- 7. Multiple ChoiceA statewide poll of Marylanders showed wide differences in their reactions to issues such as crime, education, taxes, employment, and traffic.
Which of these most likely had the greatest impact on the results of this poll?the number of registered voters in the statethe results of similar polls from surrounding statesthe gender, age, and ethnicity of the people polledthe political beliefs of government officials in the state - 8. Multiple Choice“In [creating] a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: You must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place, [make it ] control itself.” The Federalist No. 51
Which of these principles is best reflected in the excerpt?majority rulepopular sovereigntylimited governmentrepresentative democracy - 9. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these statements about presidential executive orders is true?they must be reviewed by the Supreme Courtthey must be in agreement with the Constitutionthey must represent the views of the majority partythey must be approved by a majority of cabinet members
- 10. Multiple Choicen Plessy v. Ferguson, the United States Supreme Court’s interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendmentsupported segregationprotected the right of slave ownersguaranteed the right to an attorneyupheld freedom of expression
- 11. Multiple ChoiceCounty implements new residential zoning laws. Which of these issues is most likely being addressed by the headline?pollutionredistrictingurban sprawlreapportionment
- 12. Multiple ChoiceDiscrimination occurs when the civil rights of an individual are denied or interfered with because of his or her membership in a particular group or class.
Which of these demonstrates an action that would fight discrimination?eliminating the national income taxdiscouraging women's voting rightssupporting immigration restructionsincreasing opportunities for the disabled - 13. Multiple ChoiceWhy are the seats of the House of Representatives reapportioned every 10 years?to give interest groups more influenceto modify political party alliancesto account for changing populationsto create new committees
- 14. Multiple ChoiceOlder workers can sue over pay or benefits plans that favor younger employees, . . . the Supreme Court ruled.” USA Today, 2005
What was the purpose of the Supreme Court ruling described above?to maintain public orderto expand productivityto provide job trainingto promote equity - 15. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is an example of the United States government providing foreign aid?placing an embargo on foreign sugarsigning a nuclear arms control treatysending medical supplies to foreign doctorsincreasing immigration restrictions
- 16. Multiple ChoiceIf government statistics show rising unemployment and a falling Consumer Price Index, which of these actions should the Federal Reserve take to help the economy?increase government spendingdecrease interest ratesincrease the reserve requirements for banksdecrease tariffs placed on imported products
- 17. Multiple ChoiceIn 1958, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the state of Alabama violated the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment by requiring the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to hand over the names and addresses of its members.
Which of these best describes the decision in this case?State actions are limited by the United States ConstitutionThe Supreme Court lacks the power to review state lawsPolitical organizations are reuiqred to maintain accurate membership recordsCitizens must report their memberships in organizations to the government - 18. Multiple ChoiceThe Tri-County Council for Western Maryland helps local businesses export their products overseas.
What is a purpose of this program?to assist businesses in relocatingto encourage competition from foreign companiesto increase opportunities for businesses in the regionto regulate trade between businesses and foreign countries - 19. Multiple ChoiceThe United States signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in order todecrease trade with European and Asian countriesdecrease American investment in overseas marketsincrease tariffs placed on products made in Mexicoincrease trade opportunities for domestic businesses
- 20. Multiple ChoiceIn the 1930s, the federal government formed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), an insurance system to protect bank deposits.
Why would the government create this corporation?to increase public confidence in banksto encourage commercial trade between member banksto stop funding to participating banksto prohibit the state governments from regulating banks - 21. Multiple ChoiceThe Republicans control the House of Representatives while the Democrats control the Senate. Which of these statements is MOST accurate?The Democratic Party has enough votes to amend the ConstitutionThe Republican Party has enough votes to override a Presidential vetoThe Democratic and Republican Parties must work together to pass legislationThe Democratic and Republican Parties have enough votes to appoint a Supreme Court Justice
- 22. Multiple ChoiceIn which situation would the Tinker v. Des Moines Supreme Court decision apply?a man is refused an attorney in his criminal casea woman is arrested without being informed of her rightsa teacher searches a boy's locker without his permission due to reasonable suspisiona girl is suspended from school for passing out fliers about a presidential candidate
- 23. Multiple ChoiceSome gas station operators were told by a regulatory agency that their underground gasoline tanks had to be removed and new ones installed. The order was given because the tanks were old and leaking fuel into the ground.
Which of these regulatory agencies has the authority to issue the replacement order?Federal Trade Commission (FTC)Food and Drug Administration (FDA)Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Federal Communications Commission (FCC) - 24. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these statements describes due process under the Fourteenth Amendment?states must protect the right to a lawyerbasic rights are protected by executive orderstates must obtain congressional approval to limit rightsbasic rights are limited to those stated in the Constitution
- 25. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these statements is true about third parties in the United States?they are encouraged by the Constitutionthey are prohibited in many statesthey win most congressional electionsthey introduce alternative political ideas
- 26. Multiple ChoiceThe U.S. Court of Appeals ruled that the evidence stemmed directly from the Miranda violation and therefore was inadmissable.” Chicago Tribune, December 2000
The court’s decision most likely protects the rights ofthe policethe accusedjournalistsvictims of crime - 27. Multiple ChoiceA group of people disagrees with a law supported by the Maryland General Assembly.
In attempting to overturn this law, which process would the group most likely use?initiativeinquiryrecallreferendum - 28. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these describes a breach of contract?a business awards work to a company with the lowest bida homeowner refuses to pay a carpenter for completed worka worker is laid off from a company experiencing financial problemsa computer store gives a customer a refund on a broken computer
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these is the best example of due process?a speedy trial is guaranteed to a defendanta plea bargain is offered by a prosecutora newspaper reports charges against a suspecta visitor is allowed to see a suspect in jail
- 30. Multiple Choice"It shall be an unlawful employment practice for any employer [or] labor organization . . . to discriminate against any individual because of race, color, religion, sex or national
origin . . .” —The Civil Rights Act of 1964
Based on the excerpt, what is one way the Civil Rights Act of 1964 helps minority groups?it increased the minority membership in private golf clubsit promotes equal economic opportunities for minoritiesit guarantees full-time work for minoritiesit allows minorities freedom of religion - 31. Multiple ChoiceIn a market economy, who decides how resources are used and distributed?a board of trusteesa central planning boardconsumers and producersstate and national governments
- 32. Multiple ChoiceThe Consumer Product Safety Commission is a federal agency that enforces safety standards for consumer products. The agency was most likely created becausecompanies are not concerned with worker safetyinformation is not available to make safe productsinterest groups cannot influence business practicescompetition among producers is not enough to protect citizens
- 33. Multiple ChoiceAgriculture is a major part of the Midwest’s economy.
Which of these would provide the most immediate improvement to the region’s economy?providing government relief to struggling farmersfunding research on farming techniquesoffering vocational training to farmersgiving loans to establish new farms - 34. Multiple ChoiceMaryland sees a 20% increase in population. Baltimore City sees a -9% drop.
Baltimore County sees a +7% increase
Calvert County sees a +87% increase
Frederick County sees a +62% increase.
Which of these predictions can be made from this data about redistricting after the 2010 census?the delegate district lines may be changedrepresentation for Baltimore City will increasethe number of legislative districts may be changedrepresentation for Calvert County will decrease - 35. Multiple ChoiceThe Consumer Price Index (CPI) reports on price changes for over 90,000 items.
Which of these is most likely the reason the federal government uses the CPI?to hep measure inflationto determine the unemployment rateto analyze worker productivityto measure the national average income - 36. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these statements about a unitary form of government is correct?the central government is created by the local governmentsthe central government has no judicial authority over local governmentslocal governments can veto legislation proposed by the central governmentlocal governments have only those powers given to them by the central government
- 37. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these media reports would the federal government most likely have the authority to censor?a private study that goes against official unemployment figuresa news article that tells the location of troops in combata statement from business leaders about unfair campaign financingan interview with an author of a book who criticized the President
- 38. Multiple ChoiceExecutive Order 9981 (1948)
“There shall be equality of treatment . . . for all persons in the armed forces. . . .”
Executive Order 11141 (1964) “[The government shall] assure that older people are not discriminated against because of their age. . . .”
Executive Order 11246 (1965) “The government . . . [will] provide equal opportunity in Federal employment for all qualified persons. . . .”
What is the intent of each of these executive orders?to guarantee the safety of the peopleto maintain public orderto protect the rights of individuals and groupsto respect the constitutional rights of states - 39. Multiple ChoiceExecutive Order 9981 (1948)
“There shall be equality of treatment . . . for all persons in the armed forces. . . .”
Executive Order 11141 (1964) “[The government shall] assure that older people are not discriminated against because of their age. . . .”
Executive Order 11246 (1965) “The government . . . [will] provide equal opportunity in Federal employment for all qualified persons. . . .”
Which of these executive orders is most similar to the executive orders listed above?Executive Order 13007 (1996) “Accommodate [Indian] access to and ceremonial use of Indian sacred sites. . . .”Executive Order 12612 (1987) “Restore the division of Governmental responsibilities between the national government and the states. . . .”Executive Order 9066 (1942) “Prescribe military areas . . . from which any or all persons can be excluded. . . .”Executive Order 10924 (1961) “Establish an agency . . . which shall be known as the Peace Corps.” - 40. Multiple ChoiceHouse of Representatives proposes amendment to ban flag burning.
Which principle of government would be affected by the proposed amendment?individual rightspopular sovereigntyseparation of powerschecks and balances - 41. Multiple ChoiceWhich part of the United States Constitution was a basis for the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?the due process clausethe establishment clausethe equal protection clausethe necessary and proper clause
- 42. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these is a violation of a defendant’s rights in a criminal proceeding?the judge orders the defendant to testify at trialthe prosecution refuses to plea bargain with the efendantthe defendant requests to be tried by a jury instead of the judgethe judge admits a voluntary confession by the defendant into evidence
- 43. Multiple ChoiceINTERNATIONAL GROUPS MEET TO DISCUSS RAIN FOREST MANAGEMENT
WARNINGS THAT SOUTHERN KENYA FACES MORE DROUGHT
PRAISE FOR START OF HUMAN RIGHTS TRIALS IN INDONESIA
Which of these organizations would take an active role in all of the events described in the headlines above?World BankUnited NationsInternational Red CrossNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization - 44. Multiple ChoiceIn Mexico, the national and state governments share certain responsibilities.
Which of these terms describes this form of government?dictatorshipfederalmonarchyunitary - 45. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following federal government positions is not appointed by the President?Speaker of the HouseAttorney GeneralSecretary of StateSupreme Court Justice
- 46. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these excerpts from the Constitution describes federalism?he judicial Power shall extend to all Cases . . . arising under this Constitution. .The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution . . . are reserved to the States.The right of citizens . . . who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied . . . on account of age.The right of the people to be secure in their persons . . . against unreasonable searches . . . shall not be violated. .
- 47. Multiple ChoiceIn which of these government systems are government leaders most accountable to citizens?oligarchydictatorshipabsolute monarchyrepresentative democracy
- 48. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these possible actions by the Baltimore City government would probably attract the largest number of new residents to the city?zoning for industrial expansionraising property taxes on apartment buildingsprotecting historic landmarksfunding the construction of single-family homes
- 49. Multiple Choice“The right of citizens . . . to vote shall not be denied . . . on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude.” —U.S. Constitution, Amendment 15
Which of these principles of government is reflected in this amendment?judicial reviewfederalismseparation of powerspopular sovereignty - 50. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these benefits does Social Security provide to senior citizens?free mealsprescription drugsjob placementretirement income
- 51. Multiple Choice“. . . government of the people, by the people, for the people . . .” —Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address, 1863
Which type of government does Abraham Lincoln describe?democracydictatorshipmonarchyoligarchy - 52. Multiple ChoiceSupreme Court declares restrictions on election ads unconstitutional
The Supreme Court’s ruling in this situation is an example ofjudicial reviewrule of lawrepresentative democracymajority rule - 53. Multiple ChoiceThe U.S. Constitution corrected a weakness of the Articles of Confederation byestablishing a national legislatureallowing state governments to have powerrequiring that amendments be approved by the statesgiving the national government the power to collect taxes
- 54. Multiple ChoiceCounties in the Baltimore region signed an agreement to stop algae growth in area reservoirs. Algae growth can cause problems with the taste and odor of drinking water.
This agreement is an example ofthe actions by a local government to implement state policythe establishment of federal guidelines to address local issuesregulations from the state government to improve public servicescooperation among local governments to address a common issue - 55. Multiple Choice“North Korea will come under intense diplomatic pressure to [end] its nuclear weapons program . . . as the United States, North Korea, and its four neighbors begin . . . negotiations . . .” New York Times, August
This is an example of the United States working with other nations to2003promote human rightsimprove regional tradeprotect national securitystrengthen democratic reform - 56. Multiple ChoiceIn Kelo v. New London (2005), the Supreme Court ruled that local governments could take private property to be used for commercial economic development.
The Supreme Court’s ruling in this case impacted the principle ofequal protectionrule of laweminent domainpopular sovereignty - 57. Multiple ChoiceFor which of these situations could a writ of habeas corpus be issued?a defendant plea-bargains in exchange for a lighter sentencea police officer searches an apartment without a search warranta suspect is kept in jail without being charged with a crimea judge rules that certain evidence cannot be used in a trial
- 58. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these is a function of the Federal Reserve?to set the level of income taxto establish export lawsto regulate the money supplyto pass spending legislation
- 59. Multiple ChoicePlan to increase Alaskan oil drilling.
What is an economic cost most directly associated with the headline?less undeveloped landincreased fuel pricesdecreased tax revenuesgreater job opportunities - 60. Multiple ChoiceAccording to the U.S. Constitution, which of these actions is a power of the states?coining moneyestablishing post officesconducting electionsraising an army
- 61. Multiple ChoiceThe United States creates a fence along the Mexico-United States border that says "Welcome to America...a gated community". Which of these foreign policy concerns is MOST likely addressed by such actionssupporting democratic reforms in other countriespromoting environmental protection in developing nationsproviding humanitarian aid during crisis situationsprotecting residents from possible security threats
- 62. Multiple ChoiceAs a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the United States would most likely be involved indeveloping a common currency for member nationsparticipating in an international military operationregulating international fair labor standardsproviding technological aid to developing countries
- 63. Multiple ChoiceWhich headline describes an action most likely to have a positive effect on a presidential candidate’s campaign?Campaign opinion polls fall for presidential candidatePresidential candidate raises record amount of campaign fundsPresidential debate schedule announced for upcoming campaignInterest group criticizes presidential candidate's record
- 64. Multiple ChoiceCalvert County grew 45% between 1990 and 2000. Which of these events
most likely occurred as the
population grew?city land was converted to farmlandthe tax revenue for the county declinedconstruction of new houses and apartments stoppedthe county increased funding for government services - 65. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these does the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) regulate?the number of union pilotsthe pricing of new airplanesthe safety of passenger airlinesthe cost of jet fuel
- 66. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these is a goal of the United States government in stabilizing the economy?to increase the national debtto decrease the unemployment rateto increase the Consumer Price Index (CPI)to decrease the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- 67. Multiple ChoiceIn 1988, Congress passed a
law authorizing the payment of $20,000 to each Japanese American placed in relocation camps during World War II.
This law is an example of Congressprotecting national securitymaintaining the rights of the majorityupholding decisions made during times of warrecognizing violations of the rights of a minority - 68. Multiple ChoiceThe countries with the largest quotas in the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
USA: 17
Japan: 7
Germany: 6
United Kingdom: 5
France: 5
Italy: 3
Saudi Arabia: 2
What is one way that the United States benefits from its quota in the International Monetary Fund (IMF)?The United States has less need for world tradeThe United States does not have to pay tariffs on exportsThe United States receives additional discounts on foreign goodsThe United States can significantly affect global economic policies - 69. Multiple ChoiceBased on due process, which of these instructions would a judge give to the jury in a criminal trial?presume the accused is innocentrequest a retrial if testimony is uncleardisregard evidence in closing argumentsgive a preference for trial locations
- 70. Multiple ChoiceThe basic economic questions in the United States are mainly answered byindividuals and businessesthe United States Congressstate and local governmentsthe President of the United States
- 71. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these is a characteristic of a dictatorship?a system of checks and balances distributes government powerindividual freedoms and rights are protected by the constitutioncourts may override decisions made by government leadersgovernment leaders rule with absolute authority
- 72. Multiple ChoiceThe Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) continues to monitor levels of pollutants found in drinking water. Research has shown that high levels of pollutants can contribute to long-term health problems. The EPA is currently reviewing pollution limits for the mining and smelting industries, which con- tribute to the pollution. Industry officials assert however, that the extra cost associated with reducing water pollution will force some companies to shut down.
Which of these statements is best supported by the excerpt above?government agencies have little interest in private industrygovernment policy must balance health and economic concernsthe government should help fund mining and smelting industriesthe government should allow industries to set their own environmental regulations - 73. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these decides the verdict in a felony trial?the plaintiffthe petit jurythe grand jurythe prosecutor
- 74. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these happens first in the United States presidential election process?delegates are selected to attend their party's national conventionelectors meet to cast the official votes in the electionthe people vote for President and Vice President in a general electionpolitical parties help select presidential and vice presidential candidates at their national conventions
- 75. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these government actions would most directly promote economic security?increasing airline safety requirementsincreasing benefits for the unemployeddecreasing regulations for factory emissionsdecreasing federal gasoline taxes
- 76. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these statements best explains why school officials are allowed to search a student’s locker without a search warrant?it is illegal for police officers to enter school propertyall constitutional rights are denied students under 21 years of ageschool officials are part of local police departmentsit is considered necessary for the protection of other students
- 77. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these actions would most likely help workers develop job skills?providing computer training programsestablishing tax breaks for owners of small businessesproviding union dues for unemployed workersestablishing a government health-care plan for employees
- 78. Multiple ChoiceWhich of these would require regional cooperation?expanding city recreational facilitiesproviding neighborhood trash removaldetermining voter qualificationsmaintaining an interstate highway
- 79. Multiple ChoiceWhich action would a special interest group take to gain support for a law proposed in Congress?meet with representatives to educate them about the billpresent the group's position in lawsuits heard in courtdonate money to a presidential re-election campaignendorse political party candidates for the state legislature
- 80. Multiple ChoiceSome businesses concerned about Internet identity theft have asked Congress to pass a consumer privacy law.
What is the most likely purpose of the proposed legislation?to limit Internet useto promote equityto censor the Internetto prevent crime - 81. Multiple ChoiceThe governor of Maryland chose to cut spending on road construction in order to increase spending for school construction.
Which economic principle is best demonstrated by this decision?economic freedomopportunity costprice controlssupply and demand - 82. Multiple Choice“That all Government of right originates from the People . . . and they have, at all times, the inalienable right to alter, reform or abolish their Form of Government. . . .” —Article 1, Declaration of Rights, Constitution of Maryland
Which of these principles of government is stated in the excerpt?equal protectionrule of lawseparation of powersconsent of the governed - Answer choicesTagsAnswer choicesTags