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- 1. Multiple ChoiceIn June 1788, William Grayson wrote "Infuse new strength and spirit into the state governments; for, when the component parts are strong, it will give energy to the government, although it be otherwise weak." WHICH statement about government would Grayson MOST likely support?Large states should have more say than small statesNew states should be added to strengthen the countryThe Articles of Confederation left the states too weakThe Constitution took too much power away from the states
- 2. Multiple Choice
Use the table below to answer the question. Which phrase best explains the cause of the results in this table?the issue of slaverythe concerns of colonial loyaliststhe conflict between large and small statesthe need of the federal government to levy taxes - 3. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows. What was the purpose for John Winthrop's statement?to argue for the abolition of the slave tradeto promote settlement of the Jamestown colonyto inspire the Puritan founders of Massachusettsto encourage missionaries west of the Appalachians
- 4. Multiple ChoiceIn 1767 Britain imposed import taxes on products such as glass and tea. Colonists agreed to stop importing taxed goods from Britain. Many colonists stopped drinking tea. They started making their own clothes or bought clothes made in the colonies. In the last months of 1769 nearly every colonial legislature passed a law that banned merchants from importing taxed goods. What long-term effect did the laws restricting imports have in the colonies?They caused tension among northern colonies competing with each otherThey led colonists to tire of American goods, causing many to accept high taxesThey contributed to a sense of American identity by encouraging colonies to cooperateThey led American colonists to develop industries at home, achieving economic self-sufficiency
- 5. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt below to answer the question. Why did southern states like South Carolina oppose the use of tariffs during the early 1800s?The tariffs protected northern manufactures at the expense of southern plantation ownersThe tariffs made it more difficult to purchase slaves at the marketsThe tariffs caused the price of cotton to increase and the price of manufactured goods to decreaseThe tariffs regulated trade between individual states
- 6. Multiple ChoiceUse the cartoon to answer the question. Which option best reflects the message of the cartoon?The colonies must work together in order to be strongThe colonies should remain loyal to EnglandColonists needed to acquire new territoryColonists should ally with the French to defeat the British
- 7. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question that follows.
Missouri Compromise of 1820
Compromise Tariff of 1833
Compromise of 1850
Which statement best describes the role played by an historical figure in the debates that led to these agreements?John Quincy Adams sought to open more territories to slaveryJohn C. Calhoun argued that the states must obey all federal lawsHenry Clay offered solutions to satisfy different sides of the issuesDaniel Webster threatened secession if his state's needs were not met - 8. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question that follows. The above list includes reasons that Alexander Hamilton gave in support of what proposal?a national banka free trade zonea publicly owned stock marketa committee on economic planning
- 9. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question. Why was the above sequence of events significant in the history of the Cherokee people?They brought about the establishment of federal reservations in the eastern United StatesThey restored Cherokee land rights that had been granted during the colonial periodThey brought about the granting of citizenship rights to the Cherokee peopleThey led to the Cherokee people being forced to move west of the Mississippi River
- 10. Multiple ChoiceUse the list below to answer the question. Why was the Dred Scott v. Sandford Supreme Court decision a threat to northern regions of the country?The Supreme Court ruled that limiting slavery to slave-states was not legalThe decision meant that northern business owners could not use slave laborThe Supreme Court determined that Black Codes in northern states were illegalThe decision meant that slaves had to be paid the same wages as other workers
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following could the national government NOT do under the Articles of Confederation?impose taxesdeclare war and make peacecoin moneyestablish a postal system
- 12. Multiple ChoiceUse the information to answer the question that follows. This change occurred because of disagreement over what issue?accepting women in leadership rolesrefusing to play taxes as an act of protestsupporting the violent actions of John Brownhelping slaves escape on the Underground Railroad
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhat was ONE reason the United States went to war with Mexico in 1846?Mexico and the U.S. were engaged in a border dispute.The United States retaliated against Mexico for signing a military alliance with France.The Mexican government had blockaded shipments in the Gulf of Mexico.The United States feared an invasion by Mexico.
- 14. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question that follows. Political leaders, like Henry Clay, supported an economic plan called the "American System" during the 1800's. What was a goal of this plan?to promote American industry and commerceto encourage agricultural exports from Americato increase economic ties with Latin American countriesto limit the national government's involvement in the economy
- 15. Multiple ChoiceThe U.S. Constitution's objective to "provide for the common defense" was intended to address which deficiency of the Articles of Confederation?the absence of a national court systemthe inability of Congress to collect taxesthe lack of an effective national militarythe failure of congressional foreign policy
- 16. Multiple ChoiceHow did the federal government respond to the Cherokee rejection of the New Echota Treaty?President Andrew Jackson sent troops to Georgia to protect the CherokeeThe Supreme Court ruled that the Cherokee were not entitled to their landsThe U.S. government proceeded to force the removal of the Cherokee from GeorgiaThe U.S. government passed legislation that granted U.S. citizenship rights to the Cherokee
- 17. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question. What was ONE result of the growth of this industry in New England during the early 1800's?The role of work for women began to changeThe use of slaves in northern towns became more commonThe need for immigrant labor began to decreaseThe cost of imported goods began to decline
- 18. Multiple ChoiceWhy did Andrew Jackson's administration support the removal of Native Americans from the eastern states?The Supreme Court ruled in favor of Jackson's policyThe Native Americans had fought with the British during the War of 1812Whites wanted to settle and live on Native American landsThe federal government wanted to protect the Native Americans from violent white settlers
- 19. Multiple ChoiceThe year is 1865 and the 13th amendment has just been passed. Which of the following is now true?Women can voteFormer slaves can now voteSlavery in the U.S. no longer existsAll people born in the United States are citizens
- 20. Multiple ChoiceUse the quote below to answer the question. Based upon the quote, which action would be most supported by Transcendentalists such as Margaret Fuller?abolishing the institution of slavery in the United StatesEncouraging the relocation of slaves to Liberialeaving the Union to protect slaverystrengthening fugitive slave laws across the South
- 21. Multiple ChoiceWhat was the purpose of the Constitution?to establish a government for the American nationto list the specific rights guaranteed to American citizensto explain the political principles of the new American governmentto announce to the world why the colonies were demanding independence
- 22. Multiple ChoiceUse the information in the box to answer the question that follows. What change occurred to address these weaknesses in the United States system of government?State governments were abolishedNew states were added to the UnionThe Constitution replaced the Articles of ConfederationThe Supreme Court issued its ruling in Marbury v. Madison
- 23. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows. Based on this excerpt, James Otis would agree to which of the following statements?The separation of church and state protects religious freedomSlavery is inconsistant with the principle of individual libertyBusinesspeople should be excluded from taking part in governmentA prosperous economy relies upon government regulation of commerce
- 24. Multiple ChoiceWhat was a major disagreement between Federalists and anti-Federalists during the ratification of the U.S. Constitution?which party leader should be elected presidentwhether the legislature should override a vetohow much power state governments should retainwhen to enforce the concept of judicial review
- 25. Multiple ChoiceUse the timeline to answer the question that follows. Which of the following factors contributed the MOST to these innovations?the United States patent systemtariffs protecting the textile industrythe pursuit of profits by entrepreneursmercantilist policies that created monopolies
- 26. Multiple ChoiceUse the information in the table to answer the question that follows. The wars listed in the table occurred as the result of tensions between which groups of people?Catholic and Protestant colonistsenslaved laborers and plantation ownersEuropean colonists and Native AmericansFrench trappers and settlers from England
- 27. Multiple ChoiceAmerican Transdentalists would LEAST likely promote which of the following views?American writers should avoid emulating European modelsBy giving up material luxuries, humans can better discover meaning in lifeTraditional education should be the source of American cultureCivil disobedience is an effective weapon against an unresponsive government
- 28. Multiple ChoiceUse this excerpt to answer the question that follows. Which statement is BEST supported by this excerpt?Railroads made travel to the western United States easierSteamboat travel was possible only for the few who could afford itStagecoaches were the quickest way to travel in the West during the 1870sCanals shortened the time and distance it took to travel across the country
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWhat effect did the Emancipation Proclamation have on foreign involvement in the Civil War?It encouraged Mexico to become a safe haven for freed slavesIt brought the Spanish in on the side of the UnionIt forced Canada to officially participate in the Underground RailroadIt kept the British from providing aid to the Confederacy
- 30. Multiple ChoiceUse the list below to answer the question. In what way did the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act contribute to ongoing struggles between anti-slavery and pro-slavery?It protected slavery west of the Mississippi RiverIt effectively repealed the Missouri CompromiseIt encouraged cotton farmers to move westwardIt created more free states than slave states
- 31. Multiple ChoiceUse the table below to answer the question. Based on the information in the table, which statement about trade is MOST accurate?The New England economy was dependent on exporting goods to the BritishThe British were more dependent on goods from the Southern colonies than the New England coloniesThe Southern colonies were less dependent on trade with Britian than the NortheastThe American economy was self-sufficient without trade with Britain
- 32. Multiple ChoiceUse the information below to answer the question. Why was this compromise important for the fuctioning of the U.S. government?It meant that small states ha a greater voice than larger states in the federal governmentIt permitted governors of smaller states an opportunity to exert pressure on CongressIt gave smaller states more imput than larger states in the selection of presidential candidatesIt allowed smaller states to have as much power as larger states in one house of Congress
- 33. Multiple ChoiceIn 1832, a convention in South Carolina issued an "Ordinance of Nullification" in reaction against tariffs enacted by the United States Congress. What principle did advocates of nullification use to support their cause?due processstates' rightsjudicial reviewseparate but equal
- 34. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows. What change occurred in the United States during the early 1800s that better reflected this ideal?Women played a more active role in governmentAfrican Americans enjoyed greater social opportunitiesThe status and treatment of Native Americans improvedProperty qualifications for voting were gradually removed
- 35. Multiple ChoiceFrederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, and Harriet Tubman all played leading roles in the abolitionist movement. What else did they have in common?They had once been slaves themselvesThey made trips to the South to help slaves escapeThey were known for their public speaking abilitiesThey wrote books to convince people to support their cause
- 36. Multiple ChoiceUse the information in the table to answer the question that follows. Which group in the American colonies benefited the MOST as a result of this trading system?Native Americans who sold land at high prices to colonial farmersWomen who found more economic opportunities than they had in EuropeAfrican laborers who had steady work at high wages in the American coloniesEntrepreneurs who conducted business in the port cities of the American colonies
- 37. Multiple ChoiceWhich viewpoint influenced principles in the U.S. Constitution and was based on the work of Jean-Jacques Rousseau?the claim that all men were created equalthe support for a government based on divine rightthe requirement for a government based on checks and balancesthe assertion that law be supported by popular sovereignty
- 38. Multiple ChoiceWhat impact did the Northwest Ordinance haev on the spread of slavery through the United States?It provided slaveholders with additional land that could be farmed by slavesIt eliminated the sale of slaves north of the Virginia borderIt was the first action by the federal government to prohibit the spread of slaveryIt attempted to maintain a balance between free and slave states
- 39. Multiple ChoiceWhat did the Boston Tea Party cause Britain to do?stop the tax of teaset fair prices for goodsapprove new strict lawsban western settlement
- 40. Multiple ChoiceHow did the War of 1812 affect the economy of the United States?More people turned to farming because the war disrupted overseas tradeManufacturing increased because British goods were not longer importedThe destruction of factories caused by fighting resulted in a slow recoveryLabor costs increased due to shortages of workers who went to fight in the war
- 41. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following groups benefited the MOST from the Homestead Act of 1862?factory owners who wanted to reduce the power of unionsNative Americans who wanted to protect their way of lifefarmers who wanted to purchase land in western territoriessupporters of slavery who wanted its expansion to new territories
- 42. Multiple ChoiceIn 1820, the Missouri Compromise included provisions to ban slavery in some federal territories. The Supreme Court overturned those provisions in its Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling in 1857. How did Congress eventually invalidate the Supreme Court's decision?It asked state courts to uphold the provisionsIt impeached the justices who made the rulingIt rejected the ruling with a two-thirds majority voteIt passed the 13th amendment to make slavery illegal
- 43. Multiple ChoiceUse the excerpt to answer the question that follows. Which of the following explains the main reason for Boston's prosperity in 1720?Plantation agriculture supported various businessesThe availability of books made it a center of educationRich natural resources encouraged the growth of industrializationMaritime trade provided the foundation for the city's development
- 44. Multiple ChoiceDuring the Civil War, with which of the following statements would a southern state most likely agree?A strong federal government is the best governmentState and federal governments should have equal power in determining what is best for the countryThe Federalists were correct in their assumptions about governmentState governments should have equal power to determine their own destinies
- 45. Multiple ChoiceUse the information in the box to answer the question the follows. What group contributed to the creation of these stories from American folklore?Puritan settlersFrench trappersAsian immigrantsenslaved Africans
- 46. Multiple Choice"The United States will conquer Mexico but it will be as the man who swallows the arsenic which brings him down in turn. Mexico with poison us."
~ Ralph Waldo Emerson
How does this quote from Emerson relfect the view of those who opposed the Mexican War?Many citizens believed it would trigger a battle over the expansion of slaveryCongress believed it would increase the power of the U.S. presidentCongress believed any territory won in the war would be too hard to governMany business leaders believed it would damage trade relations between two countries - 47. Multiple ChoiceUse the list to answer the question that follows. Which of the following milestones most belongs with the others on the list?1853 - Elisha Otis introduced a safe passenger elevator1864 - The first oil pipeline was built in Pennsylvania1868 - Christopher Latham Sholes invented the typewriter1876 - Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone
- 48. Multiple ChoiceWhy was the 15th Amendment added to the U.S. Constitution?Political parties wanted to nominate presidential candidatesSegregation of public facilities was still legalResidency requirements were difficult to verifyFormer slaves were being denied rights as citizens
- 49. Multiple ChoiceHow did the Compromise of 1850, which brought California into the Union, contribute to the growing sectional tension prior to the Civil War?It prohibited the spread of slavery into areas won during the Mexican WarIt outlawed slavery in states carved out of the Northwest TerritoryIt forced officials in free states to return escaped slaves to their ownersIt ruled that slaves could not be granted freedom after living in free states
- 50. Multiple ChoiceIn its 1824 Gibbons v. Ogden decision, the Supreme Court based its ruling on an interpretation of the Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution. It determined that under that clause Congress had powers to regulate any kind of commerce that crossed state lines. How did the Supreme Court decision affect life in the United States?It gave the federal government a larger role in the national economyIt forced businesses to work only within the borders of their home stateIt made government officials the main authorities for managing businessesIt took away any powers states had to made decisions about economic matters
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