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- 1. Multiple Choice(8.5A) Which of the following best describes an electron?It has no charge and about the same mass as a protonIt has a negative charge and much less mass than a protonIt has a positive charge and much more mass than a neutronIt has a negative charge and about the same mass as a neutron
- 2. Multiple Choice(8.5A) An atom has 25 protons, 30 neutrons, and 25 electrons. What is the charge of the atom's nucleus?+25+30-25-30
- 3. Multiple Choice
(8.5A) Which of these best describes one of the subatomic particles that could be found at location X in the model of an atom shown above?It has mass but no charge.It has no mass and a positive charge.It has a large mass and a negative charge.It has no mass and an equal number of positive and negative charges. - 4. Multiple Choice(8.5A) Which of these best describes one of the subatomic particles that could be found at location X in the model of an atom shown above?It has mass but no charge.It has no mass and a positive charge.It has a large mass and a negative charge.It has no mass and an equal number of positive and negative charges.
- 5. Multiple Choice(8.5B) An atom of which element is represented by this model?Boron (B)Carbon (C)Neon (Ne)Sodium (Na)
- 6. Multiple Choice(8.5B) An atom of which element is represented by this model?Boron (B)Carbon (C)Neon (Ne)Sodium (Na)
- 7. Multiple Choice(8.5B) When trying to identify an unknown element, a scientist determines what other elements the unknown element reacts with chemically. Which property of the unknown element determines the other elements it reacts with?The total number of neutrons in the unknown element.The total number of particles in the nucleus of the unknown elementThe number of protons in the nucleus of the unknown elementThe number of valence electrons in the unknown element.
- 8. Multiple Choice(8.5C) The periodic table is organized into groups and periods of elements. The characteristics of a certain group of elements are listed below.
-is shiny
-is solid at room temperature
-has atoms with two valence electrons
Which of these elements is in this group?LithiumStrontiumAluminumSilicon - 9. Multiple Choice(8.5C) A student is studying the ways different elements are similar to one another. Diagrams of atoms from four different elements are shown below.
Which two atoms are of elements in the same group in the periodic table?Atom 1 and Atom 2Atom 1 and Atom 4Atom 2 and Atom 3Atom 3 and Atom 4 - 10. Multiple Choice(8.5C) A researcher wants to experiment with an element that reacts like phosphorous (P) but has a greater atomic mass. Which element should the researcher select for the experiment?Nitrogen (N)Sulfur (S)Arsenic (As)Silicon (Si)
- 11. Multiple Choice(8.5C) A researcher wants to experiment with an element that reacts like phosphorous (P) but has a greater atomic mass. Which element should the researcher select for the experiment?Nitrogen (N)Sulfur (S)Arsenic (As)Silicon (Si)
- 12. Multiple Choice(8.5D) The chemical formula for sodium sulfate is Na2SO4. How many sulfur atoms are in the formula for sodium sulfate?1267
- 13. Multiple Choice(8.5D) Serotonin is a chemical substance that acts as a neurotransmitter. It helps relay messages in the human brain. The formula for one molecule of serotonin is shown below.
C10H12N2O
How may atoms in all are in a molecule of serotonin?102524100 - 14. Multiple Choice(8.5D) Which information could a student determine from only the chemical formula of a protein?The color of the proteinThe number of molecules in each sequence that makes up a proteinThe physical arrangement of atoms in the structure of the proteinThe number of atoms of each element in the protein
- 15. Multiple Choice(8.5E) The scientist spilled a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) on a lab table. For safety purposes, the scientist sprinkled some baking soda (NaCO3) onto the spill. Which observation would provide the best evidence that a chemical reaction occurred?The baking soda and hydrochloric acid combined, and bubbles formed.The baking soda absorbed the hydrochloric acid.Some of the baking soda dissolved in the hydrochloric acid.The hydrochloric acid evaporated, leaving only the baking soda.
- 16. Multiple Choice(8.5E)A student observes some sugar as it is heated and burns. The student concludes that a chemical reaction has occurred. Which of the following observations about the burning sugar provides evidence of a chemical reaction?Heat is added to the sugar crystals.The sugar melts and becomes a liquid.The temperature of the sugar increasesGas is produced as the sugar turns black.
- 17. Multiple Choice(8.5F) A teacher asks a student to write the chemical equation for photosynthesis. The student's response is shown below
CO2 + H2O ---> C6H12O6 + O2
The equation is not balanced correctly. Which of these is a balanced equation for photosynthesis?12CO2 + H2O ---> C6H12O6 + O2CO2 + 9H2O ---> C6H12O6 + O2CO2 + H2O ---> 3C6H12O6 + O26CO2 + 6H2O ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2 - 18. Multiple Choice(7.5C) The flow of energy in some Australian food chains is modeled in the energy pyramid.
Based on the model, which consumers would receive the greatest amount of energy captured by the producers in their food chains?Wedge-tailed eaglesChuditchRing-tailed opossumsEucalyptus trees - 19. Multiple Choice(7.6A) Hay is made up of organic compounds. What are the main elements in many organic compounds?Helium, carbon, sodiumSodium, hydrogen, nitrogenCarbon, hydrogen, oxygenRadon, oxygen, helium
- 20. Multiple Choice(7.6B) Many processes occur in the digestive system. Which process is best classified as a physical change?Saliva converting starch molecules in crackers to simple sugarsDigestive enzymes breaking down proteins into smaller fragmentsBacteria converting lactose into simple sugars in the intestinesTeeth grinding an almond into smaller pieces in the mouth
- 21. Multiple Choice(6.5C) The chemical equation shown below represents a reaction that produces fuel for certain cars.
CO + H2O ---> CO2 + H2
Which of these represents an element?COH2OCO2H2 - 22. Multiple ChoiceCaCO3 ---> CaO + CO2
In the chemical reaction shown above, the products are best classified as-- (6.5C)two elementsone element and one compoundtwo compoundstwo compounds and one element - 23. Multiple Choice(6.6A) Some students conducted a laboratory investigation to learn more about the physical properties of different elements. They observed four samples and recorded their observations in the table below.
Based on these observations, which sample is most likely a nonmetal?Sample 1Sample 2Sample 3Sample 4 - 24. Multiple Choice(6.6B)A balance and a graduated cylinder are used to determine the density of a mineral sample. The sample has a mass of 14.7 g and a volume of 2.2 cm3. What is the density of the mineral sample?0.15 g/cm332 g/cm313 g/cm36.7 g/cm3
- 25. Multiple Choice(8.5A) In the early 1900s many scientists thought that an atom consisted of a positive substance with negative charges scattered throughout the substance. Then Ernest Rutherford completed an experiment that changed the concept of an atom. His discovery led to the understanding that an atom consists mostly of empty space with-protons orbiting a dense nucleus made of electrons and neutronselectrons orbiting a dense nucleus made of protons and neutronsneutrons and protons orbiting a cloud of electronselectrons and protons orbiting a cloud of neutrons
- 26. Multiple Choice(8.5B) The atoms of a certain element each contain 11 protons and 1 valence electron. Which statement correctly identifies this element and describes its chemical reactivity?The element is sodium, and it is highly reactive.The element is flourine, and it is not very reactive.The element is sodium and it is not very reactiveThe element is flourine, and it is highly reactive
- 27. Multiple Choice(8.5B) A chemist is identifying the elements present in a sample of seawater. What characteristic of an element's atoms always determines the element's identity?The number of protonsThe number of neutronsThe location of valence electronsThe number of valence electrons
- 28. Multiple Choice(8.5C) Which two elements on the periodic table are in the same period?Sn and RbF and ClK and BaSe and Te
- 29. Multiple Choice(8.5D) Which of these formulas contain equal numbers of nitrogen atoms?Formulas I and IIIFormulas I and IVFormulas II and IIIFormulas I, II, and V
- 30. Multiple Choice(8.5D) In which of these compounds are there twice as many oxygen atoms as hydrogen atoms?H3PO4H2SO4HClO3H2O
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