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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhat is matter? Choose the best answer.Anything that is solidAnything that takes up spaceAnything that has a fixed volumeAnything that can be seen
- 2. Multiple ChoiceIn what way are liquids different from solids?Liquid molecules are lighter than solid moleculesLiquids are made of atoms; solids are made of moleculesLiquids don't have a fixed shape; solids doLiquids are always denser than solids
- 3. Multiple ChoiceWhat happens to the chemical structure of water when it changes state?Water molecules break apart to form individual atomsWater molecules harden into ice moleculesWater molecules melt into gas moleculesNothing happens to the chemical structure
- 4. Multiple ChoiceWhat will happen if you keep increasing both the pressure and temperature of a liquid?It will boilIt will transpireIt will meltIt will solidify
- 5. Multiple ChoiceWhat do lightning and stars have in common?Both have no electrical chargeBoth contain plasmaBoth have a fixed volumeBoth contain all three states of matter
- 6. Multiple ChoiceWater's chemical formula is "H2O." What does this mean?Water is composed of hydrogen molecules and oxygen moleculesA gram of water contains 20 hydrogen atomsEach water molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atomWater molecules cannot be split into smaller pieces
- 7. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the basic shape of a liquid?A sphereThe same shape as a gas, only rounderA cubeWhatever the shape of its container is
- 8. Multiple ChoiceHow can you remove energy from matter?By increasing its volumeBy lowering its temperatureBy increasing its pressureBy boiling it
- 9. Multiple ChoiceGases have a tendency to expand. What's the best synonym for "expand?"CollideSpread outShrinkBoil
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWhere would you find a Bose-Einstein condensate?Inside starsAt the North PoleIn a science labBose-Einstein condensates exist only in theory
- 11. Multiple ChoiceWhat are the three main states of matter?Solid, liquid, and gasIce, water, and steamTemperature, pressure, and energyHot, cold, and warm
- 12. Multiple ChoiceCompared to ice, how do molecules of water behave?They move less freelyThey are locked into a crystal latticeThey move more freelyThey bounce off one another randomly
- 13. Multiple ChoiceWhat is matter?Anything that is visibleAnything that has mass and takes up spaceAnything that reflects lightAnything that absorbs light
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhat do water vapor, liquid water, and ice have in common?The same crystal lattice structureThe same amount of energyThe same physical propertiesThe same chemical properties
- 15. Multiple ChoiceWhat's the easiest way to add energy to matter?Heating itCooling itDecreasing pressureDecreasing temperature
- 16. Multiple ChoiceThe melting point of H2O is 0 degrees Celsius. This is the same as its:Boiling pointVaporization pointFusion pointFreezing point
- 17. Multiple ChoiceWhat is it called when a solid turns directly into a gas?SublimationVaporizationMeltingFusion
- 18. Multiple ChoiceDry ice has the same chemical properties as what gas?HeliumHydrogenNitrogenCarbon Dioxide
- 19. Multiple ChoiceHow do the molecules of a gas behave?They vibrate in placeThey bounce around randomlyThey are locked in a crystal latticeThey clump together
- 20. Multiple ChoiceIf you put a thermometer into a pot of melting ice, when will the temperature rise past zero?As soon as the ice begins to meltAfter most of the ice has meltedWhen the ice begins turning into steamWhen all the ice has melted
- 21. Multiple ChoiceHow do scientists know how atoms are structured?By looking at them under a microscopeBy running experiments that expose their propertiesBy examining only the largest atomsBy splitting them apart
- 22. Multiple ChoiceWhat can you conclude from the fact that scientists continue to update the atomic model?New information about atoms continues to be discoveredOld information about atoms is completely uselessScientists did not have any information about atoms until a few years agoScientists still have no idea what atoms look like
- 23. Multiple ChoiceWhat contribution did John Dalton make to atomic theory?He discovered that every atom was positively chargedHe discovered that every element consisted of one type of atomHe discovered that atoms had nucleiHe discovered that atoms could be divided into smaller parts
- 24. Multiple ChoicePlace the following scientists in order, from earliest to latest:
A) Ernest Rutherford;
B) J.J. Thomson;
C) John DaltonB, C, AC, A, BA, C, BC, B, A - 25. Multiple ChoiceThe majority of an atom's mass exists where?In the nucleusIn the electron cloudIn the space between the nucleus and the electronsIn the neutrons
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhat are electrons?Positively charged particlesNeutrally charged particlesNegatively charged particlesUncharged particles
- 27. Multiple ChoiceErnest Rutherford discovered that atoms were mostly:Negatively chargedPositively chargedElectronsEmpty space
- 28. Multiple ChoiceWhat does the nucleus of an atom contain?Electrons and neutronsProtons and neutronsNeutrinos and positronsDNA and RNA
- 29. Multiple ChoiceHow are neutrons different from protons and electrons?They are more massive than protons and electronsThey have no electrical chargeThey are less massive than protons and electronsProtons and electrons exist in atomic nuclei; neutrons orbit the nucleus in a "cloud"
- 30. Multiple ChoiceHow are electrons arranged in an atom?In groups of fiveIn energy levelsBy colorBy shape
- 31. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the significance of the periodic table of elements? Choose the best answer.It lists all the different metals known to humansIt predicts and lists all the chemical elements in the universeIt explains where different atoms can be foundIt proves that atoms are the building blocks of matter
- 32. Multiple ChoiceWhat do electrons in the same shell have in common?They have the same amount of energyThey are all positively chargedThey are all made up of atomsThey all have neutral charges
- 33. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is an example of a subatomic particle?CarbonOxygenElectronHydrogen
- 34. Multiple ChoiceWhat might happen if the strong force didn't exist?Electrons would have positive chargesAtomic nuclei would fly apartIt would be more difficult to split atomsNeutrons would not exist
- 35. Multiple ChoiceWhat two types of particles exist within an atomic nucleus?Protons and neutronsNeutrons and electronsProtons and neutrinosPositrons and neutrons
- 36. Multiple ChoiceOxygen has an atomic number of 8. What can you conclude from this fact?An atom of oxygen weighs 8 gramsAn atom of oxygen has 4 protons and 4 electronsAn atom of oxygen has 8 positronsAn atom of oxygen has 8 protons
- 37. Multiple ChoiceThe word "atom" comes from a Greek word for "indivisible." In what way are atoms indivisible?They cannot be separated once they've bonded withother atomsThey cannot be broken apart without losing their chemical propertiesThey cannot form bonds with other atomsThey cannot gain or lose electrons
- 38. Multiple ChoiceHow are molecules different from atoms?They consist of several atoms bonded togetherThey do not contain neutronsThey do not have nucleiTheir particles do not have electrical charges
- 39. Multiple ChoiceWhat can you conclude from the fact that electrons orbit far away from atomic nuclei?Electrons are extremely smallAtoms are comprised mostly of empty spaceProtons have a positive chargeAtoms consist of subatomic particles
- 40. Multiple Choice
In the following diagram, what does the number 12 represent?An atomic numberA number of electronsAn atomic massA chemical symbol - 41. Multiple ChoiceFluorine has an atomic number of 9. What can you conclude about an atom of fluorine from this fact?It has nine protonsIt weighs nine gramsIt has nine electron shellsIt has a boiling point of 9 degrees Celsius
- 42. Multiple ChoiceIn what part of an atom can protons be found?Inside the electronsInside the neutronsInside the atomic nucleusInside the electron shells
- 43. Multiple ChoiceSince atoms are very small, what can you infer about atomic mass units?One atomic mass unit is equivalent to a gramOne atomic mass unit is much lighter than a gramOne atomic mass unit is much heavier than a gramAtomic mass units and grams measure different properties
- 44. Multiple ChoiceIf a sulfur atom has 16 protons, 16 electrons, and 16 neutrons, its atomic mass is:16324864
- 45. Multiple ChoiceAn atom of fluorine has an atomic mass of 19u. Keeping in mind that its atomic number is 9, what can you infer about this atom?It has nine neutronsIt has ten electronsIt has ten neutronst has ten protons
- 46. Multiple ChoiceIf a hydrogen atom has 1 proton, 1 electron, and 1 neutron, its atomic number is:1234
- 47. Multiple ChoiceOn the periodic table, how is atomic mass represented?As an average of the mass of different isotopesAs the exact mass of every atomAs the mass of the most common isotopeAs the masses of all the protons added together
- 48. Multiple ChoiceWhat do carbon-12 and carbon-14 have in common?They have the same number of protonsThey have the same number of neutronsThey have the same atomic massThey have the same atomic weight
- 49. Multiple ChoiceHow is carbon-12 different from carbon-14?They have a different number of protonsThey have a different number of electronsThey have a different number of neutronsThey are different elements
- 50. Multiple ChoiceWhat can you conclude about carbon-14 from its name?It has 14 electronsIt has 14 neutronsIt has 14 protonsIt has an atomic mass of 14u
- 51. Multiple ChoiceCarbon has an atomic number of 6. What can you conclude about carbon from this fact?It has six protonsIt has six neutronsIt has six electronsIt has six positrons
- 52. Multiple ChoiceWhat do the orange and yellow spheres represent in this model of an atomic nucleus?Gluons and leptonsProtons and neutronsPositrons and electronsAtoms and molecules
- 53. Multiple ChoiceWhat do the elements highlighted in red have in common?The same number of protonsThe same number of electronsThe same number of neutronsThe same number of electron shells
- 54. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is a true statement?Periods form horizontal rows; groups form vertical columnsGroups form horizontal rows; periods form vertical columnsCategories form horizontal rows; gases form vertical columnsGases form horizontal rows; categories form vertical columns
- 55. Multiple ChoiceWhat is true of all molecules?They have electrochemical chargesThey lack electrochemical chargesThey have full outer electron shellsThey contain at least one proton
- 56. Multiple ChoiceIf you wanted to find a sample of fermium, which has an atomic number of 100, where would you look?Deep within the EarthIn the Earth's atmosphereIn outer spaceIn a science lab
- 57. Multiple ChoiceTo become positively charged, an atom must:Gain a protonLose a protonGain an electronLose an electron
- 58. Multiple ChoiceIf someone described a coin as "lustrous," what would he mean?It was durableIt was tarnishedIt was hardIt was shiny
- 59. Multiple ChoiceWhat can you infer from the fact that metals are good conductors of electricity?Electrical appliances made of metal are dangerousMost electrical wiring is made of metalAll non-metallic objects, like water and the human body, are poor electrical conductorsMetals also make good insulators
- 60. Multiple ChoiceHow is mercury different from every other metal on the periodic table?It's liquid at room temperatureIt doesn't conduct electricityIt has no lusterIt is totally inelastic
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