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- 1. Multiple ChoiceThe idea that growth does not occur uniformly within a region but centers around a core industry. Around this core an agglomeration begins to cluster.TechnopolesGrowth PolesTextilesEntrepot
- 2. Multiple ChoiceAn integrated approach to production that reduces waste and creates a positive working environment that is based on JIT and the empowerment of every individual to stop production to address quality issuesSituation FactorsToyota Production SystemSite FactorsExport-Processing Zone
- 3. Multiple ChoiceEconomic activities that surround and support large-scale industries such as shipping and food service.Quinary Economic ActivitiesTertiary Economic ActivitiesAncillary Industrial ActivitiesPrimary Economic Activities
- 4. Multiple ChoiceThe end result of production and manufacturing that a consumer will see on a store shelf.Consumer GoodsDeglomerationEmbargoEntrepot
- 5. Multiple ChoiceAn expense that does not change relative to production.Site FactorsGrowth PolesVariable CostsFixed Costs
- 6. Multiple ChoiceA network of suppliers and customers that provide goods and services.OutsourcingSupply ChainCommodity ChainsSite Factors
- 7. Multiple ChoiceAn industry in which the production of goods and services is based in homes as opposed to factories.Cottage IndustryTarrifsBulk-Reducing IndustryReceding Industry
- 8. Multiple ChoiceThe locational interdependence approach to industrial location that is based on the location of competitors. Industries want to maximize their dominance of the market and have a natural tendency to move closer together.Growth PolesHotelling's ModelSpatially Fixing CostsReceding Industry
- 9. Multiple ChoiceThe economy of a socialist or communist state that is commanded by fixed pricing and control of the means of production.EntrepotBid Rent TheoryPlanned EconomyVariable Costs
- 10. Multiple ChoiceWoven fabric productsTarrifsEmbargoTextilesTechnopoles
- 11. Multiple ChoiceThe variety of avenues for transportation of a product that is dependent on a site's available infrastructure.Resource OrientationModes of TransportationDeglomerationMarket Orientation
- 12. Multiple ChoiceA linked system of processes that gather resources, convert them into goods, package them for distribution, disperse them, and sell them on the market.Growth PolesConsumer GoodsFixed CostsCommodity Chains
- 13. Multiple ChoiceAn industry in which wages and other compensation paid to employees constitute a high percentage of expenses.Labor-Intensive IndustryReceding IndustryBulk-Gaining IndustryCottage Industry
- 14. Multiple ChoiceProducts that are not mass-produced but rather assembled individually or in small quantities.Specialty GoodsGrowth PolesVariable CostsEntrepot
- 15. Multiple ChoiceThe transfer of some types of jobs from more developed countries to less developed countries.New International Division of LaborUrbanization EconomiesTransnational CorporationAgglomeration Diseconomies
- 16. Multiple ChoiceA concept developed by Alfred Weber to describe the optimal location of a manufacturing establishment in relation to the costs of transport and labor, and the relative advantages of agglomeration or deglomeration.Dependency TheoryFootloose FirmsLeast-Cost TheoryBid Rent Theory
- 17. Multiple ChoiceThe negative effects on one region that result from economic growth and agglomeration within another region.Backwash EffectE-CommerceGrowth PolesVariable Costs
- 18. Multiple ChoiceA high-tech agglomeration growth pole, formed by similar high tech industries seeking to locate in a shared area so they can benefit from shared resources.TechnopolesCoreGrowth PolesTextiles
- 19. Multiple ChoiceThe idea that LDCs are locked into a cycle of underdevelopment by the global economic system that supports an unequal structure.Dependency TheoryDeglomerationLeast-Cost TheorySite Factors
- 20. Multiple ChoiceCountries, as defined by world-systems theory, as being dominated by primary sector economic activities and being exploited by other countries for their resources.Vertical IntegrationService-Based EconomiesTechnopolesPeripheral Countries
- 21. Multiple ChoiceAn industry that is growing earnings and revenue slower than the overall economy.Bulk-Reducing IndustryBulk-Gaining IndustryLabor-Intensive IndustryReceding Industry
- 22. Multiple ChoiceA sea zone prescribed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea over which a state has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind.Exclusive-Economic ZoneService-Based EconomiesExport-Processing ZoneLocalization Economies
- 23. Multiple ChoiceGoods and services shipped from a country to another.EntrepotNAFTATextilesExports
- 24. Multiple ChoiceThe location factors related to the costs of factors of production inside the plant, such as land, labor, and capital.Site FactorsTechnopolesEmbargoSituation Factors
- 25. Multiple ChoiceThe enhancement a company gives its product or service before offering the product to customers that can be used to increase price and desirability or distinguish a product from the competition.TextilesValue AddedNAFTAWaste
- 26. Multiple ChoiceWhen two regions specifically satisfy each other's needs through exchange of raw materials and or finished goods.Consumer GoodsCommodity ChainsComplementary TradeSpecialty Goods
- 27. Multiple ChoiceManufacturing activities in which cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not important for determining the location of the firm. Examples include lightweight products of extremely high value and other industries of spatially fixed costs.OutsourcingFootloose FilmsTechnopolesFixed Costs
- 28. Multiple ChoiceThe ratio of output to input for a given carrier.Carrier EfficiencyVariable CostsMarket OrientationPlanned Economy
- 29. Multiple ChoiceWeb-based economic activities.CoreE-CommerceBRICExports
- 30. Multiple ChoiceAreas where governments create favorable investment and trading conditions to attract export-oriented industries.OutsourcingExport-Processing ZoneEntrepotLeast-Cost Theory
- 31. Multiple ChoiceLoss of industrial activity in a regionDeindustrializationIndustrial RevolutionGlobalizationMarket Orientation
- 32. Multiple ChoiceA term used to designate a duty free port that is used to store goods for during long distance travel.ExportsEmbargoEntrepotWaste
- 33. Multiple ChoiceIndustries whose products weigh more after assembly than they did previously in their constituent parts. Such industries tend to have production facilities close to their markets.Bulk-Gaining IndustryReceding IndustryJIC IndustryCottage Industry
- 34. Multiple ChoiceA location where large shipments of goods are broken up into smaller containers for delivery to local markets.EntrepotBreak-Bulk PointTechnopolesGlobalization
- 35. Multiple ChoiceCauses of less productivity and profit in an industry; 7 types include: correction, overproduction, movement, motion, waiting, and processing.NAFTAWasteMINTBRIC
- 36. Multiple ChoiceA business model that emphasizes the elimination of non-value added activities and waste through the implementation of process improvement methods.DeglomerationLean ManufacturingSituation FactorsSite Factors
- 37. Multiple ChoiceThe dispersal of an industry that formerly existed in an established agglomeration.DeglomerationAgglomerationSupply ChainE-Commerce
- 38. Multiple ChoiceA form of corporate organization in which one firm controls multiple aspects or phases of a commodity chain.Vertical IndustrializationDeglomerationHorizontal IntegrationAgglomeration
- 39. Multiple ChoiceHighly developed economies that focus on research and development, marketing, tourism, sales, and telecommunications.Agglomeration DiseconomiesService-Based EconomiesVariable CostsLocalization Economies
- 40. Multiple ChoiceIndustries that optimize transportation costs by situating close to their customers.Vertical IntegrationMarket OrientationGlobalizationDeglomeration
- 41. Multiple ChoiceEconomic activities consisting of high-level decision making for large corporations, government, or high-level scientific research.Quinary Economic ActivitiesSecondary Economic ActivitiesTertiary Economic ActivitiesQuaternary Economic Activities
- 42. Multiple ChoiceA three-level hierarchy: core, periphery, and semi-periphery. Core countries are dominant capitalist countries that exploit both the peripheral and semi-peripheral countries for labor and raw materials; semi-periphery exploit the periphery. This European-based economic world-system is thought to have been pushed to the global economy by imperialism and globalization.Wallerstein's World-Systems TheoryBid Rent TheoryHotelling's ModelJIC Inventory
- 43. Multiple ChoiceRegulations that require a factory to maintain an 'open shop' policy, maintaining that employees do not have to join a union as a condition of employment.Site FactorsFootloose FirmsRight-to-Work LawsE-Commerce
- 44. Multiple ChoiceIndustries that optimize transportation costs by situating close to their raw materials.DeglomerationResource OrientationAgglomerationVertical Integration
- 45. Multiple ChoiceTaxes imposed on imported goods and services that can be used to restrict trade or increase income for a government.ExportsNAFTATarriffsTextiles
- 46. Multiple ChoiceEconomic activities concerned with research, information gathering, and administration.Situation FactorsService-Based EconomiesQuaternary Economic ActivitiesLocalization Economies
- 47. Multiple ChoiceA form of mass production attributed to Henry Ford in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly.Fordist ApproachFootloose FirmsMaquiladoraConsumer Goods
- 48. Multiple ChoiceThe free trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada.CoreNAFTATarriffsBRIC
- 49. Multiple ChoiceThe dramatic changes in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that enabled the rapid movement of products that began with railroads and the mass production of automobiles and culminated in the building of interstates and the standardization of containers.Conglomerate CorporationTransnational CorporationTransportation RevolutionResource Orientation
- 50. Multiple ChoiceThe idea that the price and demand for land decreases as one moves further from the central marketplace.Situation FactorsTechnopolesBid Rent TheoryDependency Theory
- 51. Multiple ChoiceThe production methodology that stresses the importance of delivering the right product to the right place at the right time in an effort to reduce inventory waste throughout a supply chain.JIC InventoryBulk-Gaining IndustryReceding IndustryBulk-Reducong Industry
- 52. Multiple ChoiceEconomic activities in which natural resources are made available for use or further processing, including mining, agriculture, forestry and fishing.Secondary Economic ActivitiesAncillary Industrial ActivitiesQuinary Economic ActivitiesPrimary Economic Activities
- 53. Multiple ChoiceGrouping together of many firms from the same industry in a single area for collective or cooperative use of infrastructure and sharing of labor resources.EmbargoGlobalizationAgglomerationDeglomeration
- 54. Multiple ChoiceThe adoption by companies of flexible work rules, such as the allocation of workers to teams that perform a variety of tasksPost-Fordist ApproachFordist ApproachCommodity ChainsLeast-Cost Theory
- 55. Multiple ChoiceA form of corporate organization in which several branches of a company or several commonly owned companies work together to sell their products in different markets.Resource OrientationVertical IntegrationGlobalizationHorizontal Integration
- 56. Multiple ChoiceThe principle that areas should produce goods for which they have the greatest relative advantage over other areasMaquiladoraJIC InventoryComparative AdvantageSituation Factors
- 57. Multiple ChoiceThe economic activities concerned with the processing of raw materials such as manufacturing, construction, and power generation.Primary Economic ActivitiesSecondary Economic ActivitiesAncillary Industrial ActivitiesTertiary Economic Activities
- 58. Multiple ChoiceAn input costs in manufacturing that remains constant wherever production is located.Spatially Fixes CostsSituation FactorsSpatially Variable CostsFixed Costs
- 59. Multiple ChoiceAn expense that varies with production output.Fixed CostsGrowth PolesVariable CostsSpatially Variable Costs
- 60. Multiple ChoiceA firm that conducts business in at least two separate countries; also known as multinational corporations.Information RevolutionTransportation RevolutionTransnational CorporationUrbanization Economies
- 61. Multiple ChoiceThe dramatic changes in the last half of the twentieth century in which data could be shared across the globe instantaneously through the use of email, the internet, and electronic financial transactions.Transportation RevolutionTransnational RevolutionIndustrial RevolutionInformation Revolution
- 62. Multiple ChoiceThe idea that the world is becoming increasingly interconnected on a global scale such that smaller scales of political and economic life are becoming obsolete.AgglomerationEmbargoGlobalizationNAFTA
- 63. Multiple ChoiceThe rapid economic and social changes in manufacturing that resulted after the introduction of the factory system to the textile industry in England at the end of the 18th centuryIndustrial RevolutionInformation RevolutionTransportation RevolutionVertical Integration
- 64. Multiple ChoiceThe semi-peripheral rapidly-industrializing states of Brazil, Russia, India, and China.BRICEmbargoExportsTarriffs
- 65. Multiple ChoiceActivities that provide the market exchange of goods and that bring together consumers and providers of services such as retails, transformation, government, personal, and professional servicesService-Based EconomiesAncillary Industrial ActivitiesTertiary Economic ActivitiesVertical Integration
- 66. Multiple ChoiceThe process of sending industrial processes or business services to overseas locations for external processing, where operating costs remain relatively low.OutsourcingCoreTarriffsBRIC
- 67. Multiple ChoiceNational or global regions where economic power, in terms of wealth, innovation, and advances technology, are concentrated.BRICMINTNAFTACore
- 68. Multiple ChoiceA resource that can be found anywhere at anytime.Least-Cost TheoryE-CommerceFordist ApproachUbiquitous Resource
- 69. Multiple ChoiceThe semiperipheral rapidly-industrializing states of Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, and Turkey.BRICMINTCoreWaste
- 70. Multiple ChoiceA type of agglomeration in which industries cluster in urban areas to take advantage of the large labor pool, infrastructure, and public services.Localization EconomiesUrbanization EconomiesService-Based EconomiesAgglomeration Diseconomies
- 71. Multiple ChoiceThe negative economic and social effects stemming from the concentration of industries: traffic, pollution, high cost of living, etc.Localization EconomiesService-Based EconomiesAgglomeration DiseconomiesAgglomeration
- 72. Multiple ChoiceThe location factors related to the transportation of materials into and from a factory.Site FactoraOutsourcingCottage IndustrySituation Factors
- 73. Multiple ChoiceCountries, as defined by world-systems theory, as being dominated by secondary sector economic activities and being exploited by MDCs for their cheap labor for the production of low margin goods.Peripheral CountriesCumulative CausationSemi-Peripheral CountriesSite Factors
- 74. Multiple ChoiceIndustries whose final products weigh less than their constituent parts, and whose processing facilities tend to be located close to sources of raw materials.Bid Rent TheoryReceding IndustryJIC InventoryBulk-Reducing Industry
- 75. Multiple ChoiceAn official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.EmbargoWasteEntrepotBRIC
- 76. Multiple ChoiceA type of agglomeration in which similar industries concentrate together in one area or region.Situation FactorsService-Based EconomyLocalization EconomiesPlanned Economy
- 77. Multiple ChoiceDescribes the optimal location of industry in relation to the costs to transport, labor, and agglomeration - stressing the importance of reducing transportation costs by considering the cost to transport both raw materials and finished goods.Variable CostsUbiquitous FactorsSite FactorsWeber's Least Cost Theory
- 78. Multiple ChoiceFactories built by U.S. companies in Mexico near the U.S. border, to take advantage of the low labor costs.MINTCoreMaquiladoraSite Factors
- 79. Multiple ChoiceThe economic term used to describe the positive effect of agglomeration. Increased concentration leads to more services, increased taxes, better infrastructure, and encouragement for more industry.GlobalizationComparative AdvantageCumulative CausationAgglomeration
- 80. Multiple ChoiceA firm that is comprised of many smaller firms that serve several different functionsConglomerate CorporationCumulative CausationTransnational CorporationDeglomeration
- 81. Multiple ChoiceTraditional businesses with actual stores in which trade or retail occurs; it does not exist solely on the Internet.Break-Bulk PointRight-to-Work LawsCommodity ChainBrick-and-Mortar Business
- 82. Multiple ChoiceAn input cost in manufacturing that changes significantly from place to place in its total amount and in its relative share of total costs.Specialty GoodsSite FactorsSpatially Fixed costsSpatially Variable Costs
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