NEW
Waves & Vibrations - Basics
Wave Vocab
Periodic motion - any motion that repeats itself over and over
Wave - a disturbance that carries energy as it moves (or propagates).
Oscillation - repeated back and forth motion at a regular speed
Period - the time required to complete one wave
Frequency - the number of oscillations per second
Hertz - the unit for frequency
Amplitude - the maximum displacement from equilibrium
The distance from the equilibrium position to the crest or trough is called the what? Also known as the height of a wave.
Trough
Wavelength
Amplitude
Crest
Vocab (continued)
Crest - the highest point in a wave
Trough - the lowest point in a wave
Compression - points on a wave that a pushed close together
Rarefaction - points on a wave that spread apart
Transverse Wave- wave in which the particles oscillate at right angles to the direction the wave travels
Longitudinal Wave- wave in which the particles oscillate parallel to the direction of propagation
Phase - the position of a point in time (an instant) on a waveform cycle
Simple harmonic motion - periodic motion that occurs when the restoring force an object is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium
Hooke’s Law - the law that states that the force exerted by an ideal spring is spring proportional to the distance by which it is stretched or compressed.
Restoring force - the force that acts to bring an object back to equilibrium
Simple Pendulum - an object (or mass) suspended by a light rope or rod
Wave Speed - the rate at which a wave travels (m/s)
Define restoring force
a force that acts to bring an object back to equilibrium
the position of a point in time (an instant) on a waveform cycle
the frequency at which an object oscillates by itself
the phenomenon where an object is driven (forced to vibrate) at its natural frequency
Define Hooke's Law
periodic motion that occurs when the force pushing or pulling an object toward equilibrium is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium
repeated back and forth motion at a regular speed
the force exerted by an ideal spring is spring proportional to the distance by which it is stretched or compressed.
Vocab Continued
Natural Frequency - the frequency at which an object vibrates normally (naturally)
Resonance - the phenomenon where an object is driven (forced to vibrate) at its natural frequency
Harmonic - a multiple of an object's natural frequency
Medium- the matter through which a wave travels
Mechanical Wave- waves that travel through matter
Define Resonance
Waves & Oscillations
Waves carry energy as they travel, not matter
EX - the sun transmits light waves to Earth but none of the sun travels with it.
Oscillations occur when an object is moving back and forth.
Oscillations have wave-like motion
Oscillations and waves have a frequncy, period, wave speed, etc.
Waves
Period --> T = t / n or T = 1 / f
Frequency --> f = n / t or f = 1 / T
Wave Speed -->
Wavelength --> λ = vT or λ=vf\lambda\ =\ vT\ or\ \lambda=\frac{v}{f}λ = vT or λ=fv
A wave has frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 10 m. What is the speed of the wave?
500 m/s
50 m/s
5 m/s
0.5 m/s
If this wave chain represents 1 second, What is the frequency of the waves?
1 Hz
9 Hz
3 Hz
6 Hz
what type of wave is it?
Squishy Wave
Transverse Wave
longitudinal wave
longitudinal/compression/pressure waves
BACK TO EDMODO