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American Revolution
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joselito_ebro_34855
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  • Slide 1
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    American Revolution

    World History

  • Slide 2
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    Lesson Objectives

    • Describe America's colonies in the late 1700s.

    • List events that led to the American Revolution.

    • Explain the Enlightenment's influence on American government.

  • Slide 3
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    British colonists formed large and thriving settlements along the eastern shore of North America. Each colony had its own government and colonists identified themselves as less British. However, they were still British subjects and were expected to obey British law.

  • Question 4
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    Q.

    How did geography affect the colonist's sense of independence?

  • Slide 5
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    Some of these laws include the Navigation Act, payment of high tariff, selling of manufactured goods to America for a profit. Such laws made the colonies dependent on the economy of England.

  • Question 6
    60 seconds
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    Q.

    The Navigation Acts created a close trading relationship between the American colonies and Great Britain and raised the taxes on goods imported from the Netherlands and _____.

    answer
    France
  • Question 7
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    Q.

    Why might Parliament (lawmaking body of England) want to restrict American colonial trade?

  • Slide 8
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    French and Indian War

    • War between England and France from 1754-63

    • The French enlisted numerous Native American tribes on their side

    • Britain emerged victorious and seized nearly all French land in North America

  • Slide 9
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    Colonists vs England

    • Tensions between Britain and the colonists grew the the former expected the latter to pay its huge debt.

    • Stamp Act - colonists paying extra taxes on to have an official documents

    • Colonists were outraged as they accused the government of "taxation without representation.

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  • Question 10
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    Q.

    The French and Indian War resulted in a large debt for Great Britain, and, as a result, Parliament imposed (the) _____ on the American colonies.

    answer
    Stamp Act
  • Question 11
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    Q.

    Why would taxation without representation seem unfair to Enlightenment thinkers?

  • Slide 12
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    Growing Hostilities

    • Boston Tea Party (1773) - colonists dumped a larger load of British tea into the Boston Harbor in protest of the import tax on tea.

    • Townshend Acts - required taxes on goods imported to the American colonies.

    • Intolerable Acts - punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 after the Boston Tea Party.

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  • Slide 13
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    Growing Hostilities

    • On September 5, 1774, delegates from each of the 13 colonies (except for Georgia) met in Philadelphia as the First Continental Congress to organize colonial resistance to English rule.

    • When the king paid little attention to the complaints, the colonies decided to form the Second Continental Congress to debate their next move.


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  • Slide 14
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    Growing Hostilities

    • April 19, 1775 - British soldiers and colonial militiamen exchanged gunfire in Lexington, Massachussetts.

    • June 17, 1775 - the British defeated the Americans at the Bttle of Bunker Hill in Massachussetts.

    • The Second Continental Congress voted to raise an army and organize for battle under the command of a Virginia named George Washington.

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  • Slide 15
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    Influence of the Enlightenment

    • Colonial leaders used Enlightenment ideas to justify independence.

    • In July 1776, the Second Continental Congress issued the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson.

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  • Slide 16
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    Success for the Colonists

    • Despite with poorly trained army under George Washington, the colonists won their war for independence.

    • (1) American motivation

    • (2) Overconfident British general

    • (3) Time was on the side of the colonists

    • French help proved to be crucial for the victory of the colonists

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  • Slide 17
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    After declaring independence, the 13 states recognized the need for a national government. They built it based on two ancient Greek ideas: Constitutionalism and Republicanism as they didn't want the national government to be too strong and uneducated people rule through a democracy.

  • Slide 18
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    A weak national government

    • To protect themselves, the 13 states created a loose confederation with no executive and judicial branches.

    • The Congress could declare war, enter into treaties, and coin money, but no power to collect taxes or regulate trade.

    • Passing new laws was difficult because laws needed the approval of 9 of the 13 states.

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  • Question 19
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    Q.

    Why would the states want to avoid a strong national government? Which enlightenment thinkers does this recall?

    answer choices

    to avoid problems of monarchies

    Rosseau

    to promote trade

    Montesquieu

  • Question 20
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    Q.

    Which of the following was a major weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

    answer choices

    The president could not declare war.

    The Congress had no power to coin money.

    Congress had no power to collect taxes.

    The federal courts could not rule on state issues.

  • Question 21
    30 seconds
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    Q.

    Why would the states want to avoid a strong national government?

    answer choices

    to avoid problems of monarchies

    Americans hated the government

    to promote trade

    to end British rule

  • Slide 22
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    A New Constitution

    • The Constitutional Convention held its first session on May 25, 1787.

    • The delegates were experienced statesmen who were familiar with the political theories of Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau.

    • Although the Constitution, created a strong central government, it did not eliminate local governments. Instead, the Constitution set up a federal system in which power was divided between national and state governments.

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  • Slide 23
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    The Bill of Rights

    • The signing of the Constitution marked by sharp debate.

    • Federalist - believed that the new government would provide a better balance between national and state power.

    • Antifederalists - feared that the Constitution gave the central government too much power.

    • Congress formally added to the Constitution the ten amendments known as the Bill of Rights which protected basic rights such as freedom of speech, press, assembly, and religion.

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  • Slide 24
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    American democracy was a logical outgrowth of Enlightenment idea as it laid the foundation for the fledging American government.

  • Question 25
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    Q.

    If many of the concepts included in the U.S. Constitution are based upon European ideas, what key role did the framers of the U.S. Constitution play?

  • Question 26
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    Q.

    Why is it important that every citizen has, and exercises, his or her right to vote?

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