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- 1. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is an example of an Psychological attitude?positive reinforcementhypnosisbias toward athleteswanting to go to college
- 2. Multiple ChoiceThe Fundamental Attribution Eroor overemphisizes which of the following?environment (situation)personality testsink blot testspersonal disposition
- 3. Multiple ChoiceSocial Psychology focuses of which of the followingstudy on behaviorhow we influence actions of othersstudy thinkingpsychoanalysis
- 4. Multiple ChoiceAttribution theory attempts to do which of the following?man v. naturetrain rats in a mazeencourage students to attend collegesituation v. person
- 5. Multiple ChoiceGoing from a small favor to a large favor with another person is called?the appreciation gradientfoot-in-the-doorpositive reinforcementpsychoanalysis
- 6. Multiple ChoiceSocietal expectations of behavior are called which of the following?attributioncognitionbehaviorismrole
- 7. Multiple ChoiceActing according to the expectations of a group?conformitynormingattributionHumanism
- 8. Multiple ChoiceBeing stressed when you fail a test, because you believe you are an exceptional student is which of the following?operant conditioningclass conditioningcognitiondissonance
- 9. Multiple ChoiceWhom of the following completed landmark experience in the field of conformity?SkinnerWatsonFreudAsch
- 10. Multiple ChoiceNot doing your share as a member of a group is which of the following?lazycognitive dissonanceremedial differentiationsocial loafiing
- 11. Multiple Choice
Stanley Milgram focused his experiments on the theme of...conformity to the group.obedience to authority.the influence of ascribed roles on behaviour.the nature of prosocial behaviour. - 12. Multiple ChoiceAsch's experiments focused on the question of...how people act out ascribed roles.what influences people to carry out antisocial behaviours.obedience to an authority figure.conformity in a group setting.
- 13. Multiple ChoiceZimbardo's most famous experiment involved...a fake prison in the Stanford University basement.observing whether the children to whom he gave marshmallows could delay gratification.showing people lines and observing their degree of conformity to the judgement of others.ordering participants to give supposed electric shocks to fake participants in order to judge their obedience to authority.
- 14. Multiple ChoiceWhich answer below best describes the concept of "status"?An individual’s or group’s ability to control or influence the thoughts, feelings or behaviour of another person or groupViewing oneself as the instrument for carrying out another person’s wishesThe importance of an individual’s position in a group, as perceived by members of that groupPerforming a behaviour in response to an order given by someone in a position of power
- 15. Multiple ChoiceMilgram's real participants weresubjected to real electric shocks.forced to give real electric shocks.seated in front of a realistic looking electric shock machine.swift to reject the experimenter's request to shock innocents.
- 16. Multiple ChoiceThe highest rates of obedience were observed in Milgram's study when...the so-called "teachers" observed others obeying.the so-called "teachers" had to hold the "learner's" hand on the shock plate.the orders were given by phone.the teacher and learner were in the same room.
- 17. Multiple ChoiceThe lowest rates of obedience were observed in Milgram's study when...the so-called "teachers" observed others obeying.the so-called "teachers" had to hold the "learner's" hand on the shock plate.the so-called "teachers" observed a rebel who disobeyed ordersthe orders were given by a person who was not perceived as an authority figure.
- 18. Multiple ChoiceStudies indicate that disobedience during warfare is rarer among those ordered to kill from a distance with a missile than close-up with a knife. This suggests that __________ may influence obedience.friendshipsocial proximitygroup pressurethe legitimacy of the authority figure
- 19. Multiple ChoiceA person who has the power to give you something if you follow their instructions has __________ power over you.coerciverewardreferentexpert
- 20. Multiple ChoiceA person whose skills and knowledge are desirable to you wields...legitimate power over you.coercive power over you.referent power over you.expert power over you.
- 21. Multiple ChoiceA parent can give you what you need, withhold what you want and sign legal forms for you. This means that he or she has...legitimate, referent and expert power over you.reward, coercive and expert power over you.referent, coercive and expert power over you.reward, coercive and legitimate power over you.
- 22. Multiple ChoiceIn Milgram's original experiment, 26 out of 40 participants...refused to give shocks up till the 450-level.refused to give shocks after the 300-volt level.continued to give shocks up till the 450-level.did not administer any shocks at all.
- 23. Multiple ChoiceAsch found that conformity increased with group size up to a size of...four.six.nine.fifteen.
- 24. Multiple ChoiceThe cultural background of a person has been found to have ______ influence on their tendency to conform. People from collectivist cultures are ______ likely to conform than those from individualistic cultures.some; lessno; moresome; moreno; less
- 25. Multiple ChoiceThe original idea for Milgram's experiment was based on...the defence of Eichmann during the Nuremberg trials that he was only following orders.an interest in the civil disobedience marches of the 1960s.a desire to show that Americans were not in any way like the Nazis.a fear that he and other Americans would be conscripted to go to Vietnam.
- 26. Multiple ChoiceBy using four verbal "prods" to coerce participants to continue with the experiment, Milgram did not comply with the modern ethical requirement that participants...must not be exposed to physiological harm.have the right to withdraw from an experiment.must be debriefed after an experiment.may only be deceived in precise circumstances.
- 27. Multiple ChoiceMabel conforms to her company's rules because she wants to be liked and accepted by her colleagues. This is an example of conforming due to...normative influence.obedience.informational influence.cultural background.
- 28. Multiple ChoiceAsch's experiments showed that...group size is not a factor in conformity.conformity decreases as group size increases.conformity increases as group size increases.conformity increases with group size, but only until the group reached the size of 4.
- 29. Multiple ChoiceSocial loafing is to social facilitation asslacking is to trying hard.helping is to ignoring.altruism is to apathy.a pep talk is to a scolding.
- 30. Multiple ChoiceThe loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in highly emotional group situations in which people feel anonymous.conformitydeindividuationprejudicegroupthink
- 31. Multiple ChoiceWho conducted an experiment in conformity in which people were asked to judge the length of lines?Muzafer SherifPhilip ZimbardoSolomon AschStanley Milgram
- 32. Multiple Choice“Mary earns high grades because she is a genius” is an example of a(n)just world phenomenonfundamental attribution errorcognitive dissonanceingroup bias
- 33. Multiple ChoiceGroup polarization is the tendency fora group to become divided on an issue.a group's opinion to strengthen after discussion with like-minded people.a group to become extreme in their viewpoints when challenged.a group to bond during a difficult circumstance.
- 34. Multiple ChoiceChuck is a boss whose philosophy is that if you ask employees to do small jobs, then it is easier to get them to do the large jobs no one likes. It sounds like Chuck knows aboutthe central route to persuasionthe foot-in-the-door phenomenoningroup biasattitude
- 35. Multiple ChoiceYou don’t like alcohol, but all your friends are drinking beer at a party so you do too. This is an example ofgroupthink.obedience.catharsis.conformity.
- 36. Multiple ChoiceGoing from a small favor to a large favor with another person is called?the appreciation gradientfoot-in-the-doorpositive reinforcementpsychoanalysis
- 37. Multiple ChoiceThe tendency to overestimate disposition & underestimate the situation when analyzing the behavior of others is known as ___.DispositionFundamental Attribution ErrorGeneral Adaptation SyndromeEmotional Blends
- 38. Multiple ChoiceSocial loafing refers to...an individual’s tendency to slack off when working in a group rather than working alone.an individual's tendency to work alone rather than in a groupan individual's tendency to be concerned about others' opinionsan individual's tendency to NOT be concerned with others' opinions
- 39. Multiple ChoiceIn Stanley Milgram's research on obedience, the "teacher" routinelyresisted the authority figureobeyed the authority figureconformed to the other participant's answers
- 40. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following explains the behavior of normally law-abiding people who act destructively when they are part of a crowd?group polarizationmere exposure effectdeindividuationfundamental attribution error
- 41. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is an example of social facilitation?A student scores higher on tests taken with classmates than with strangersA kid reads more books when promised free pizza for reading a greater number.An athlete performs better in games before a large crowd than she does in practiceAn editor’s productivity increases when she is given a private office
- 42. Multiple ChoiceThe tendency to overestimate disposition & underestimate the situation when analyzing the behavior of others is known as ___.DispositionFundamental Attribution ErrorGeneral Adaptation SyndromeEmotional Blends
- 43. Multiple ChoiceThe Stanford Prison experiment demonstratedthe negative consequences of groupthink.how far people are willing to go when instructed to do something by an authority figure.the power that situations can have in changing how people feel, think, and behave.the boost that social facilitation can provide to individual performance.
- 44. Multiple ChoiceInitiation rites are intended to increaseloyalty to a group.hostility to a group.the task functions of a group.the altruism of a group.
- 45. Multiple ChoiceWhen she stands in front of her classmates, Miriam cannot recite a poem she had memorized. Miriam isengaging in groupthink.displaying social inhibition.violating a norm.performing a task function.
- 46. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following is an example of a primary group?a collection of people waiting to cross the streeta husband and wife and their three childrena classroom of studentsa crowd at a football game
- 47. Multiple ChoiceFailure to take action because of the presence of others is an example ofaltruism.polarization.social loafing.the bystander effect.
- 48. Multiple ChoiceWhat is the difference between members of an in-group and an out-group?Members of the in-group rely on members of the out-group for leadership.Members of the in-group set the agenda that members of the out-group must follow.Members of the in-group identify with each other, but not with members of the out-group.Members of the in-group are constantly seeking to join the members of the out-group.
- 49. Multiple Choice“Let’s take a vote to decide this issue” is a statement that would most likely be made by which type of leader?authoritariandemocraticlaissez-fairetransformational
- 50. Multiple ChoiceEliminating gender discrimination is part of the National Organization for Women’ssocial inhibition.social facilitation.ideology.polarization.
- 51. Multiple ChoiceTo be classified as a group, a collection of people must beinterdependentpolarized.altruistic.aggregate.
- 52. Multiple ChoiceThe Stanford Prison experiment demonstratedthe negative consequences of groupthink.how far people are willing to go when instructed to do something by an authority figure.the power that situations can have in changing how people feel, think, and behave.the boost that social facilitation can provide to individual performance.
- 53. Multiple ChoiceLowered serotonin levels in a person’s brain could lead toviolent outbursts.groupthink.meek conformity.social facilitation.
- 54. Multiple ChoiceRepetition of the same arguments resulting in stronger attitudes in support of the majority view is an example ofgroup polarization.role conflict.groupthink.social networking.
- 55. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following statements would be most effective at keeping people from falling into the social trap?“It is important to obey authority.”“Yes, you do make a difference.”“Joining a gang could lead to a life of crime.”“Don’t do something just because your friends are doing it.”
- 56. Multiple ChoiceYou don’t like alcohol, but all your friends are drinking beer at a party so you do too. This is an example ofgroupthink.obedience.catharsis.conformity.
- 57. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following statements about the effect of culture on conformity is accurate?East African cultures do not strongly emphasize contributions to the family.Asian cultures emphasize respect and discipline.Working class American families stress independence more than conformity.South American cultures emphasize conformity as the most important social norm.
- 58. Multiple ChoiceAlbert Bandura would be best qualified to promote which of the following agendas?how parents can learn to avoid displaying aggressive behavior in front of their childrenhow companies can prevent workers from social loafinghow government agencies can avoid falling into groupthinkhow to prevent diffusion of responsibility from limiting altruism
- 59. Multiple ChoiceAccording to the Robbers Cave experiment, an effective way to end hostilities between two groups would be toallow individuals in one group to administer electric shocks to members of the other group.set up a series of competitions between the two sides.designate one group as prisoners and one group as guards in a role-playing exercise.make them cooperate with each other to complete a task.
- 60. Multiple ChoiceWhich of the following occurs when you agree to the request of another person even though you don’t think the request is right?deindividuationcompliancebystander effectsocial loafing
- 61. Multiple ChoiceJerry Burger would most likely agree with which of the following statements?Obedience to authority has significantly declined over the past 40 years.Obedience to authority has significantly increased over the past 40 years.Obedience to authority has moderately declined over the past 40 years.Obedience to authority has not significantly changed over the past 40 years.
- 62. Multiple ChoiceThe bystander effect increases withobedience of the crowd.the social facilitation of the crowd.the size of the crowd.the altruism of the crowd.
- 63. Multiple ChoiceIf a salesman convinced you to let him into your living room to talk about vacuum cleaners, he is using thecathartic effect.power of conformitygroupthink dilemma.foot-in-the-door technique.
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